Editing Jamia Millia Islamia (section)

==History==
[[File:Jamia Millia Islamia 1970 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|A 1970 Indian stamp dedicated to the 50th anniversary of Jamia Millia Islamia]]
Jamia Millia Islamia was established in [[Aligarh]] on 29 October 1920 by nationalist leaders and students of [[Aligarh Muslim University]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2017 |title=A blot on India's secularism |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/a-blot-on-indias-secularism/article23595824.ece |access-date=30 July 2024 |website=Frontline |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172943/https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/a-blot-on-indias-secularism/article23595824.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad Ansari, and Abdul Majeed Khwaja were the founding members and it was established mainly in response to the demand of these fellows of the [[Aligarh Muslim University]] for a new National Muslim University which would be free from government influence as they felt that the administration of Aligarh Muslim University was of pro-[[British Raj|British]] stance.<ref name="memar"/><ref>{{cite book |author1=Syed Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |author-link=Syed Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |title=Ulama-e-Haqq Ke Mujahidana Karname |publisher=Faisal International, New Delhi }}</ref><ref name="mg">{{cite web |title=Shaikhul-Hind Mahmood Hasan: symbol of freedom struggle |url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/13779-shaikhul-hind-mahmood-hasan-symbol-of-freedom-struggle |website=MilliGazette.com |access-date=9 April 2020 |date=12 February 2016 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727100849/https://www.milligazette.com/news/13779-shaikhul-hind-mahmood-hasan-symbol-of-freedom-struggle/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Foundation===
The founding members included [[Muhammad Ali Jauhar]], [[Hakim Ajmal Khan]] and [[Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari]]. The foundation stone was laid by Mahmud Hasan Deobandi, an Islamic scholar and activist of the Indian independence movement. He was invited to preside over the foundational ceremony of the university in Aligarh. His speech was prepared and read aloud by his student [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]].<ref name="memar"/><ref>[[Syed Muhammad Miyan Deobandi]], Ulama-e-Haqq Aur Unke Mujahidana Karname, Vol. 1, Page 144.</ref> Its subsequent makers included [[Abdul Majeed Khwaja]], Abid Hussain, [[Mohammad Mujeeb]] and [[Zakir Husain (politician)|Zakir Hussain]].<ref name="memar">{{cite book |author1=Zafar Ahmad Nizami |author-link=Zafar Ahmad Nizami |title=Memarān-e-Jamia |publisher=Maktaba Jamia Limited, Delhi |isbn=978-81-7587-475-6 |year=2011 |language=ur }}</ref><ref name="auto"/>

The foundation committee of Jamia included [[Kifayatullah Dehlawi]], [[Hussain Ahmad Madani]], [[Syed Sulaiman Nadwi]], [[Abdul Haq (Urdu scholar)|Abdul Haq]], [[Abdul Bari Firangi Mahali]], Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, [[Sanaullah Amritsari]], [[Muhammad Iqbal]], [[Syed Mahmud]], and [[Saifuddin Kitchlew]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Jamia Millia Islamia |url=http://www.jmi.nic.in/HistoryofJamia.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630204759/http://www.jmi.nic.in/HistoryofJamia.htm |archive-date=30 June 2007 |access-date=24 April 2021 |website=Jamia Millia Islamia }}</ref><ref name="qawmi">{{Cite book |title=Qawmi Taleemi Tehreek |trans-title=National Educational Movement |author=Shamsur Rahman Mohsini |location=Delhi |publisher=Maktaba Jamia |edition=2012 |isbn=978-81-7587-788-7 |page=19 }}</ref>

It was conceived as a national institution that would offer [[progressive education]] and an emphasis on [[Indian nationalism]] to students from all communities, particularly [[Muslims]]. Hussain described “the movement of Jamia Millia Islamia as a struggle for education and cultural renaissance that aims to prepare a blueprint for Indian Muslims which may focus on Islam but simultaneously evolve a national culture for common Indian.”<ref name="memar"/> The emergence of Jamia was supported by [[Mahatma Gandhi]],<ref name="wire">{{cite web |title=Gandhi, a Lifelong Friend of Jamia Millia Islamia |url=https://thewire.in/education/gandhi-a-lifelong-friend-of-jamia-millia-islamia |last1=Mahtab Alam |date=29 October 2019 |website=The Wire |access-date=18 January 2020 |archive-date=5 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105183834/https://thewire.in/education/gandhi-a-lifelong-friend-of-jamia-millia-islamia |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ITMG">{{cite journal |last1=India Today Web Desk |date=3 October 2019 |title=Mahatma Gandhi's rare letters displayed by Jamia Millia Islamia |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/rare-letters-written-by-mahatma-gandhi-displayed-by-jamia-millia-islamia-1605885-2019-10-03 |journal=India Today |access-date=18 January 2020 |archive-date=4 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004080106/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/rare-letters-written-by-mahatma-gandhi-displayed-by-jamia-millia-islamia-1605885-2019-10-03 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NZHindu">{{cite news |title=Jamia remains the cradle of Gandhi's ideals |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/jamia-remains-the-cradle-of-gandhis-ideals/article30375315.ece |last1=Nishat Zaidi |website=The Hindu |date=23 December 2019 |access-date=18 January 2020 |archive-date=25 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225131938/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/jamia-remains-the-cradle-of-gandhis-ideals/article30375315.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CC2019">{{cite web |title=Gandhiji on the Indian Muslims and Jamia: Some Reflections |url=https://countercurrents.org/2019/10/gandhiji-on-the-indian-muslims-and-jamia-some-reflections |date=12 October 2019 |website=Countercurrents |access-date=18 January 2020 |archive-date=9 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209050312/https://countercurrents.org/2019/10/gandhiji-on-the-indian-muslims-and-jamia-some-reflections |url-status=live }}</ref> who felt that Jamia Millia Islamia could shape lives of students on the basis of a shared culture and worldview, so Gandhi sent his youngest son [[Devdas Gandhi]] to teach [[Hindi]] in Jamia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2021 |title=Jamia Millia and Mahatma Gandhi: A Walk into History Lanes |url=https://www.inclusiveindia.net/education/jamia-millia-and-mahatma-gandhi-a-walk-into-history-lanes/ |access-date=8 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912100013/https://www.inclusiveindia.net/education/jamia-millia-and-mahatma-gandhi-a-walk-into-history-lanes/ |archive-date=12 September 2021 }}</ref>

In 1925, Jamia Millia Islamia moved from Aligarh to [[Karol Bagh]], New Delhi.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |url=https://www.jmi.ac.in/aboutjamia/profile/history/historical_note-13 |title=Profile of Jamia Millia Islamia – History – Historical Note |website=www.jmi.ac.in |access-date=12 August 2019 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171331/https://www.jmi.ac.in/aboutjamia/profile/history/historical_note-13 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 1 March 1935, the foundation stone for a school building was laid at [[Okhla]], then a nondescript village in the southern outskirts of Delhi. In 1936, all institutions of Jamia Millia Islamia except Jamia Press, the Maktaba, and the library moved to the new campus.<ref name="auto" /><ref name="javad">{{cite book |author1=Javed Akhatar |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/210671/7/07_first%20chapter.pdf |title=Jamia Millia Islamias contribution to Islamic studies since 1920 |pages=26–41 |language=en |access-date=9 April 2020 }}</ref>
[[File:Jamia Millia Islamia, Karol Bagh Campus, 1925.png|thumb|Jamia Millia Islamia, Karol Bagh Campus, 1925]]

The [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] gave Jamia Millia Islamia the deemed status in 1962. Subsequently, on 26 December 1988, it attained the status of a central university through an act of the Indian parliament.

In 2006, [[King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia]] paid a visit to the university and donated ₹130 crore(US$30 million){{efn|1USD≈43.35INR, exchange rate in 2006}} for the construction of a library and a research center.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2006 |title=Abdullah Donates $30m to Jamia Millia Islamia |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/285557 |access-date=15 November 2023 |website=Arab News |language=en |archive-date=15 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115103230/https://www.arabnews.com/node/285557 |url-status=live }}</ref>[[File:Jamia Metro Mural.jpg|thumb|A mural depicting the historical landscape of Jamia Millia Islamia inside the [[Jamia Millia Islamia metro station]].]]
===2019 Jamia Millia Islamia attack===
{{Main|2019 Jamia Millia Islamia attack}}
In 2019, the university emerged as a center of the [[Citizenship Amendment Act protests]] after the act was passed by the Parliament. On 13 December 2019, [[Delhi Police]] tried to forcefully [[2019 Jamia Milia Islamia attack|dismiss the protest]] of students and threw tear gas inside the campus on students to control their agitation. On 15 December 2019, police entered the campus on the pretext of trying to catch the mob that destroyed public peace outside the university campus. Many students sustained injuries because of the police brutality and it sparked protests in several other universities.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/protest-outside-iim-a-in-support-of-jamia-students-50-held/article30321091.ece |title=Protest outside IIM-A in support of Jamia students; 50 held |date=16 December 2019 |work=The Hindu |access-date=18 December 2019 |agency=PTI |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=17 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217161622/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/protest-outside-iim-a-in-support-of-jamia-students-50-held/article30321091.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/from-oxford-to-harvard-universities-abroad-see-protests-against-police-crackdown-in-jamia-amu/articleshow/72839850.cms |title=From Oxford to Harvard, universities abroad see protests against police crackdown in Jamia, AMU |date=17 December 2019 |work=The Economic Times |access-date=18 December 2019 |archive-date=31 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731155916/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/from-oxford-to-harvard-universities-abroad-see-protests-against-police-crackdown-in-jamia-amu/articleshow/72839850.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>