Editing Jan Garbarek (section)

== Biography ==
Garbarek's style incorporates a sharp-edged tone, long, keening, sustained notes, and generous use of silence.<ref name="Larkin">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]|editor=Colin Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|publisher=[[Virgin Books]]|date=1997|edition=Concise|isbn=1-85227-745-9|pages=505/6}}</ref> He began his recording career in the late 1960s, notably featuring on recordings by the American jazz composer [[George Russell (composer)|George Russell]] (such as ''[[Electronic Sonata for Souls Loved by Nature]]''). By 1973 he had turned his back on the harsh dissonances of [[avant-garde jazz]], retaining only his tone from his previous approach.  Garbarek gained wider recognition through his work with pianist [[Keith Jarrett]]'s European Quartet which released the albums ''[[Belonging (album)|Belonging]]'' (1974), ''[[My Song (Keith Jarrett album)|My Song]]'' (1977), and the live recordings ''[[Personal Mountains]]'' (1979), and ''[[Nude Ants]]'' (1979).<ref name="Allmusic Bio"/> He was also a featured soloist on Jarrett's orchestral works ''[[Luminessence (album)|Luminessence]]'' (1974) and ''[[Arbour Zena]]'' (1975).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/keith-jarrett/discography/|title=Keith Jarrett Discography|website=Jazzdisco.org|access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref>

As a composer, Garbarek tends to draw heavily from [[Scandinavia]]n folk melodies, a legacy of his [[Albert Ayler|Ayler]] influence. He is also a pioneer of ambient jazz composition, most notably on his 1976 album ''[[Dis (album)|Dis]]'' a collaboration with guitarist [[Ralph Towner]],<ref name="Larkin"/> that featured the distinctive sound of a [[Aeolian harp|wind harp]] on several tracks. This textural approach, which rejects traditional notions of thematic improvisation (best exemplified by [[Sonny Rollins]]) in favour of a style described by critics Richard Cook and Brian Morton as "sculptural in its impact", has been critically divisive. Garbarek's more meandering recordings are often labeled as [[new-age music]], or spiritual ancestors thereof. Other experiments have included setting a collection of poems of [[Olav H. Hauge]] to music, with a single saxophone complementing a full mixed choir; this has led to notable performances with [[Grex Vocalis]]. 

In the 1980s, Garbarek's music began to incorporate [[synthesizer]]s and elements of [[world music]]. He has collaborated with Indian and Pakistani musicians such as [[Trilok Gurtu]], [[Zakir Hussain (musician)|Zakir Hussain]], [[Hariprasad Chaurasia]], and [[Bade Fateh Ali Khan]].<ref name="Larkin"/>  Garbarek is credited for composing original music for the 2000 film ''[[Kippur]]''.

In 1994, during the heightened popularity of [[Gregorian chant]], his album ''[[Officium (album)|Officium]]'', a collaboration with [[early music]] vocal performers from the [[Hilliard Ensemble]], became one of ECM's biggest-selling albums of all time, reaching the pop charts in several European countries and was followed by a sequel, ''[[Mnemosyne (album)|Mnemosyne]]'', in 1999. ''[[Officium Novum]]'', another sequel album, was released in September 2010. In 2005, his album ''[[In Praise of Dreams]]'' was nominated for a [[Grammy Award]]. Garbarek's first live album ''[[Dresden (album)|Dresden]]'' was released in 2009.