Editing Jan Tarnowski (section)

==History==
Tarnowski was born in 1488, the son of Jan Amor Junior Tarnowski, [[castellan of Kraków]], and his second wife Barbara of [[Rożnów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship|Rożnów]], granddaughter of the knight [[Zawisza Czarny|Zawisza the Black]]. He was a scion of an important family clan started in the mid-14th century by [[Spycimir Leliwita]], castellan of Kraków.  Tarnowski had five half-siblings from his father's first marriage: Jan Amor the Elder, Jan Aleksander (d. 1497), Katarzyna, Zofia and Elżbieta.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sławni hetmani Rzeczypospolitej |last=Podhorodecki |first=Leszek |author-link=Leszek Podhorodecki |year=1994|publisher=Wydawnictwo MADA |location=Warszawa|isbn=83-86170-06-9 |page=17}}</ref> He had also five half-sisters from his mother's first marriage.<ref>{{cite book |title=Hetman Jan Tarnowski. Z dziejów możnowładztwa małopolskiego |last=Dworzaczek |first=Włodzimierz |author-link=Włodzimierz Dworzaczek |year=1985 |publisher=Instytut Wydawniczy PAX |location=Warszawa|isbn=83-211-0584-X |page=17}}</ref> He spent his earliest years in Rożnowo and Stare Sioło.  He was originally intended to become a priest; but after his father's death in 1500, his mentor Maciej Drzewiecki convinced Barbara of Rożnowo to abandon this plan. In 1501, Tarnowski was sent to the king's court; but on 17 June 1501, king [[John I Albert]] died and he returned to Rożnowo, to his mother's domain.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sławni hetmani Rzeczypospolitej |last=Podhorodecki |first=Leszek |author-link=Leszek Podhorodecki |year=1994|publisher=Wydawnictwo MADA |location=Warszawa|isbn=83-86170-06-9 |page=18}}</ref>

[[File:POL Warsaw Pałac Ursynów7.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Bust of Tarnowski on the Krasiński Palace in [[Ursynów]].]]

In 1508, Tarnowski fought against Muscovy in the [[battle of Orsza]]; in 1509, against Moldavia in the battle of Chocim, and upon the [[Dniester]] as a commander of his own ''[[chorągiew]]'' (banner/company).<ref>{{cite book |title=Sławni hetmani Rzeczypospolitej |last=Podhorodecki |first=Leszek |author-link=Leszek Podhorodecki |year=1994|publisher=Wydawnictwo MADA |location=Warszawa|isbn=83-86170-06-9 |pages=20–21 }}</ref> In 1512, he was involved in the battle of Łopuszna, in which the [[Tatars]] were defeated by the Polish forces.<ref name="Podhorodecki21">{{cite book |title=Sławni hetmani Rzeczypospolitej |last=Podhorodecki |first=Leszek |author-link=Leszek Podhorodecki |year=1994|publisher=Wydawnictwo MADA |location=Warszawa|isbn=83-86170-06-9 |page=21}}</ref>

He made a pilgrimage to the [[Holy Land]], and in 1518 became a knight of the [[Order of the Holy Sepulchre (Catholic)|Order of the Holy Sepulchre]] in [[Jerusalem]]. He travelled extensively across Europe, and was knighted by king [[Manuel I of Portugal]] for his services against the [[Moors]] in Africa.

Tarnowski was the owner of [[Tarnów]], Wiewiórka, Rożnów, [[Przeworsk]], and Stare Sioło. In 1522, he became castellan of [[Wojnicz]]; in 1527, [[voivode]] of the [[Ruthenian Voivodeship]]; in 1535, voivode of the [[Kraków Voivodeship (14th century – 1795)|Kraków Voivodeship]].  In 1536, he became castellan of Kraków and [[starost]] of [[Sandomierz]], [[Stryi|Stryj]], [[Zydaczów|Żydaczów]], [[Dolyna|Dolina]], Sandecz, Chmielnów, [[Lubaczów]] and Horodło.

[[File:Burgonet of Polish Grand Crown Hetman Jan Tarnowski.PNG|right|thumb|Tarnowski's parade [[burgonet]] [[Morion (helmet)|morion helmet]].]]
[[File:Jan Amor Tarnowski (1488-1561).jpg|170px|thumb|right|Hetman Tarnowski]]
In 1521, he participated in the [[Ottoman–Habsburg wars]]. He was among the first Hetmans of the Polish Army after its great reforms. He led the Polish Army to many victories, among them the battles of [[Battle of Obertyn|Obertyn]] against the [[Moldavia]]ns in 1531, and seizing [[Starodub]] from the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovites]] and executing its defenders in 1535 during the [[Muscovite wars]].<ref name="eb1911" />

In 1545, the Archbishop of Gniezno, Piotr Gamrat, granted hetman Tarnowski a papal brief with indulgences and privileges granted by Pope Paul III in 1535, and in 1547 he was awarded by Emperor Charles V with a diploma of the counts of the Holy Roman Empire - this title was to apply to the hetman and his descendants.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-13|title=Jan Amor Tarnowski – the count of the Holy Roman Empire, 1547 – Mmtarnow.com/|url=https://www.mmtarnow.com/2013/04/jan-amor-tarnowski-1488-1561-hetman.html?m=1|website=www.mmtarnow.com|date=4 April 2013 }}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

Tarnowski developed, among other things, [[horse artillery]], [[field hospital]]s financed by the government, headquarters services, and field sappers. Throughout his entire service as a hetman, he preached a doctrine of flexibility.<ref name="eb1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Tarnowski, Jan | volume= 26 |last= Bain |first= Robert Nisbet |author-link= Robert Nisbet Bain| pages = 429&ndash;430 |short= 1}}</ref>

Poet [[Jan Kochanowski]] wrote a poem ''O śmierci Jana Tarnowskiego'' (''On the death of Jan Tarnowski'').  He is also one of the characters depicted in [[Jan Matejko]]'s painting ''[[Prussian Homage (painting)|Prussian Homage]]''.