Editing January 19 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[379]] &ndash; Emperor [[Gratian]] elevates [[Theodosius I|Flavius Theodosius]] at [[Sirmium]] to ''[[Augustus (honorific)|Augustus]]'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the [[Roman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Elton|first=Hugh|title=The Roman Empire in Late Antiquity: A Political and Military History|location=Cambridge, U.K.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=2018|isbn=9780521899314|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D2V9DwAAQBAJ|page=132}}</ref>
* [[649]] &ndash; [[Conquest of Kucha]]: The forces of Kucha surrender after a forty-day [[siege]] led by [[Tang dynasty]] general Ashina She'er, establishing Tang control over the northern [[Tarim Basin]] in [[Xinjiang]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Di Cosmo|first=Nicola|title=Military Culture in Imperial China|location=Cambridge, Mass.|publisher=Harvard University Press|date=2009|isbn=9780674031098|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F3baSe8QlPUC|page=183}}</ref>
*[[1419]] &ndash; [[Hundred Years' War]]: [[Rouen]] surrenders to [[Henry V of England]], completing his reconquest of [[Normandy]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=British Museum. Dept. of Coins and Medals|author2=Taylor Combe|author3=Edward Hawkins|title=Description of the Anglo-Gallic Coins in the British Museum|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptionangl00hawkgoog|year=1826|publisher=Trustees of the British Museum|pages=[https://archive.org/details/descriptionangl00hawkgoog/page/n48 30]}}</ref>
*[[1511]] &ndash; The Italian Duchy of [[Siege of Mirandola (1511)|Mirandola surrenders to the Pope]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Mandell Creighton|title=A History of the Papacy During the Period of the Reformation: The Italian princes. 1464-1518|url=https://archive.org/details/ahistorypapacyd02creigoog|year=1887|publisher=Longmans, Green|page=[https://archive.org/details/ahistorypapacyd02creigoog/page/n142 125]}}</ref>
*[[1520]] &ndash; [[Sten Sture the Younger]], the [[Regent of Sweden]], is mortally wounded at the [[Battle of Bogesund]] and dies on February 3.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bain|first=Nisbet|title=Scandinavia: A Political History of Denmark, Norway and Sweden from 1513 to 1900|location=Cambridge, U.K.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1905|url=https://archive.org/details/scandinaviaapol00baingoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/scandinaviaapol00baingoog/page/n35 20]}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1607]] &ndash; [[San Agustin Church (Manila)|San Agustin Church in Manila]] is officially completed; it is the oldest church still standing in the [[Philippines]].
*[[1639]] &ndash; [[Hämeenlinna]] ({{langx|sv|Tavastehus}}) is granted [[Privilege (law)|privileges]] after it separated from the [[Vanaja (Finland)|Vanaja]] parish as its own city in [[Tavastia (historical province)|Tavastia]].<ref>[https://docplayer.fi/810803-Hameenlinna-tavastehus-kaupunkiarkeologinen-inventointi.html HÄMEENLINNA - TAVASTEHUS Kaupunkiarkeologinen inventointi] (in Finnish)</ref>
*[[1764]] &ndash; [[John Wilkes]] is expelled from the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]] for [[seditious libel]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Patterson|first=Annabel|title=Nobody's Perfect: A New Whig Interpretation of History|location=New Haven, Conn.|publisher=Yale University Press|date=2002|isbn=9780300092882|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DZ8Yvic_jacC|page=42}}</ref>
*[[1764]] &ndash; [[Bolle Willum Luxdorph]] records in his diary that a [[mail bomb]], possibly the world's first, has severely injured the Danish Colonel Poulsen, residing at [[Børglum Abbey]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Jideofor Adibe|title=Debating Nigeria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KHgoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA170|date=21 December 2016|publisher=Adonis & Abbey|isbn=978-1-912234-96-7|pages=170}}</ref> 
*[[1788]] &ndash; The second group of ships of the [[First Fleet]] arrive at [[Botany Bay]].
*[[1795]] &ndash; The [[Batavian Republic]] is proclaimed in the Netherlands, replacing the [[Dutch Republic]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Kolla|first=James|title=Sovereignty, International Law and the French Revolution|location=Cambridge, U.K.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=2017|isbn=9781107179547 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TkY3DwAAQBAJ|page=218}}</ref>
*[[1817]] &ndash; An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General [[José de San Martín]], [[Crossing of the Andes|crosses the Andes]] from [[Argentina]] to liberate [[Chile]] and then [[Peru]].
*[[1829]] &ndash; [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]]'s ''[[Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy]]'' receives its premiere performance.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cooper|first=John Michael|title=Mendelssohn, Goethe, and the Walpurgis Night: The Heathen Muse in European Culture, 1700-1850|location=Rochester, N.Y.|publisher=University of Rochester Press|date=2010|isbn=9781580463683|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9wjf89joWfYC|page=174}}</ref>
*[[1839]] &ndash; The [[British East India Company]] captures [[Aden]].
*[[1853]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s opera ''[[Il trovatore]]'' receives its premiere performance in Rome.
*[[1861]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] joins [[South Carolina]], [[Florida]], [[Mississippi]], and [[Alabama]] in declaring [[secession]] from the United States.
*[[1862]] &ndash; American Civil War: [[Battle of Mill Springs]]: The [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]] suffers its first significant defeat in the conflict.
*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Franco-Prussian War]]: In the [[Siege of Paris (1870–71)|Siege of Paris]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] wins the [[Battle of St. Quentin (1871)|Battle of St. Quentin]]. Meanwhile, the French attempt to break the siege in the [[Battle of Buzenval (1871)|Battle of Buzenval]] will end unsuccessfully the following day.
*[[1883]] &ndash; The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by [[Thomas Edison]], begins service at [[Roselle, New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Clark|first=Judith Freeman|title=The Gilded Age|location=New York|publisher=Facts on File|date=2006|isbn=081605763X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J8FwZ3PXVngC|page=90}}</ref>
*[[1899]] &ndash; [[Anglo-Egyptian Sudan]] is formed.

===1901–present===
*[[1901]] &ndash; [[Queen Victoria]], Queen of the United Kingdom, stricken with paralysis. She dies three days later at the age of 81.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the 20th Century|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1987|page=23|isbn=0-942191-01-3}}</ref> 
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[Georges Claude]] patents the [[neon discharge tube]] for use in advertising.
*  1915   &ndash; [[German strategic bombing during World War I]]: German zeppelins bomb the towns of [[Great Yarmouth]] and [[King's Lynn]] in the United Kingdom killing at least 20 people, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[Silvertown explosion]]: A blast at a munitions factory in London kills 73 and injures over 400. The resulting fire causes over £2,000,000 worth of damage.
*[[1920]] &ndash; The [[United States Senate]] votes against [[United States and the League of Nations|joining]] the [[League of Nations]].
*  1920   &ndash; The [[American Civil Liberties Union]] (ACLU) is founded.
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Howard Hughes]] sets a new [[Cross-America flight air speed record|air record]] by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in seven hours, 28 minutes, 25 seconds.
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: {{HMS|Greyhound|H05|6}} and other escorts of convoy AS-12 sink Italian submarine {{ship|Italian submarine|Neghelli||2}} with all hands {{convert|40|mi|km|abbr=|order=flip}} northeast of [[Falkonera]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; World War II: The [[Japanese conquest of Burma]] begins.
*[[1945]] &ndash; World War II: [[Red Army|Soviet]] forces liberate the [[Łódź Ghetto]]. Of more than 200,000 inhabitants in 1940, fewer than 900 had survived the [[Nazism|Nazi]] occupation.
*[[1946]] &ndash; General [[Douglas MacArthur]] establishes the [[International Military Tribunal for the Far East]] in Tokyo to try Japanese [[war crime|war criminals]].
*[[1953]] &ndash; Almost 72 percent of all television sets in the United States are tuned into ''[[I Love Lucy]]'' to watch [[Lucy Ricardo|Lucy]] [[Lucy Goes to the Hospital|give birth]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Giordano|first=Ralph G.|title=Pop Goes the Decade: The Fifties|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2017|isbn=9781440844720|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u_skDwAAQBAJ|page=46}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; Japan and the United States sign the [[Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan|US–Japan Mutual Security Treaty]]
*  1960   &ndash; [[Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 871]] crashes near [[Ankara Esenboğa Airport]] in Turkey, killing all 42 aboard.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle I OY-KRB Ankara-Esenboga Airport (ESB)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19600119-0|access-date=2022-01-18|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1969]] &ndash; Student [[Jan Palach]] dies after setting himself on fire three days earlier in [[Prague]]'s [[Wenceslas Square]] to protest about the [[Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia|invasion]] of [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]] by the [[Soviet Union]] in 1968. His funeral turns into another major protest.
*[[1977]] &ndash; President [[Gerald Ford]] pardons [[Iva Toguri D'Aquino]] (a.k.a. "[[Tokyo Rose]]").
*[[1978]] &ndash; The last [[Volkswagen Beetle]] made in Germany leaves VW's plant in [[Emden]]. Beetle production in Latin America continues until 2003.
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Iran hostage crisis]]: United States and [[Iran]]ian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Trans-Colorado Airlines Flight 2286]] crashes in [[Bayfield, Colorado]], killing nine.<ref name="AAR-89-01 Final Report">{{cite book |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR8901.pdf |title=TRANS-COLORADO AIRLINES, INC., FLIGHT 2286, FAIRCHILD METRO III, SA227 AC, N68TC, BAYFIELD, COLORADO, JANUARY 19, 1988 |date=4 February 1989 |publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]] |id=NTSB/AAR-89/01 |accessdate=6 September 2016}} - [https://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR89-01.pdf Copy at] [[Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University]].</ref>
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Exodus of Kashmiri Pandits]] from the [[Kashmir valley]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Indian-administered Kashmir]] due to an [[Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir|insurgency]].<ref>{{cite news |date=2016-01-19 |title=When will we finally return home, ask displaced Kashmiri Pandits |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/when-will-we-finally-return-home-ask-displaced-kashmiri-pandits-2590640.html |website=Firstpost}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-01-18 |title=Kashmiri Pandits recreate "exodus" through Jan 19 exhibition |newspaper=The Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/kashmiri-pandits-recreate-exodus-through-jan-19-exhibition/story-sMjKC0ZSPLoxqnGkJpH2KL.html}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Gulf War]]: [[Iraq]] fires a second [[Scud]] missile into Israel, causing 15 injuries.
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]] join the [[United Nations]].
*[[1995]] &ndash; After being struck by lightning the crew of [[Bristow Helicopters Flight 56C]] are forced to ditch. All 18 aboard are later rescued.
*[[1996]] &ndash; The barge ''[[North Cape (ship)|North Cape]]'' oil spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat ''Scandia'' ashore on Moonstone Beach in [[South Kingstown, Rhode Island]].
*[[1997]] &ndash; [[Yasser Arafat]] returns to [[Hebron]] after more than 30 years and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled [[West Bank]] city.
*[[1999]] &ndash; [[British Aerospace]] agrees to acquire the defence subsidiary of the [[General Electric Company]], forming [[BAE Systems]] in November 1999.
*[[2006]] &ndash; A [[Slovak Air Force]] [[Antonov An-24]] [[2006 Slovak Air Force Antonov An-24 crash|crashes]] near [[Hejce]], Hungary, killing 42.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |date=2006-01-20 |title=Slovak plane crash leaves 42 dead |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4629890.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110192541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4629890.stm |archive-date=10 November 2012 |access-date=2007-05-01 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>
*[[2007]] &ndash; Turkish-Armenian journalist [[Hrant Dink]] is [[Assassination of Hrant Dink|assassinated]] in front of his newspaper's Istanbul office by 17-year-old Turkish ultra-nationalist Ogün Samast.
*  2007 &ndash; Four-man [[Team N2i]], using only [[Snowkiting|skis and kites]], completes a {{convert|1093|mi|km|adj=on}} trek to reach the [[Pole of Inaccessibility (Antarctic research station)|Antarctic pole of inaccessibility]] for the first time since 1965 and for the first time ever without mechanical assistance.<ref name="teamn2i">{{cite web | url=http://www.teamn2i.com/| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816171549/http://www.teamn2i.com/| url-status=dead| archive-date=August 16, 2011| title=Team N2i successfully conquer the Pole of Inaccessibility by foot and kite on 19th Jan '07 | access-date=August 16, 2011}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; The Hong Kong-based file-sharing website [[Megaupload]] is shut down by the [[FBI]].<ref>{{cite news|last=DesMarais|first=Christina|title=MegaUpload Story Filled With Drama|work=[[PC World]]|date=January 22, 2012|access-date=January 19, 2020|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/248549/megaupload_story_filled_with_drama.html}}</ref>
*[[2014]] &ndash; A [[2014 Bannu bombing|bomb attack]] on an army convoy in the city of [[Bannu]] kills at least 26 Pakistani soldiers and injures 38 others.
*[[2024]] &ndash; The [[JAXA|Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's]] [[Smart Lander for Investigating Moon|probe]] landed on the moon, making Japan the 5th country to land a spacecraft on the moon.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/19/japan-counts-down-to-moon-sniper-landing-on-lunar-surface |title=Japan's 'Moon Sniper' makes historic lunar landing |website=aljazeera.com |date=2024-01-19 |access-date=2024-01-19 }}</ref>
*[[2025]] &ndash; [[ByteDance|Bytedance]] and sister companies were banned from the United States for "security concerns".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Allyn |first=Bobby |date=2025-01-18 |title=TikTok is offline in the U.S. after Supreme Court upholds ban |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/01/18/nx-s1-5266146/tiktok-offline-supreme-court-ban |access-date=2025-01-19 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref>