Editing Jeff Ament (section)

==Biography==

===Early life===
The first of 12 children, Ament was born in [[Havre, Montana]] to George and Penny Ament and grew up in the town of [[Big Sandy, Montana]], a town with a population of less than 700 people.<ref name=ament2>{{cite web|title=125 Montana Newsmakers: Jeff Ament|url=http://www.greatfallstribune.com/multimedia/125newsmakers5/ament.html|work=Great Falls Tribune|author=Tribune Staff|access-date=August 27, 2011}}</ref><ref name=ament>{{cite web|title=Jeff Ament|work=Montana Kids|publisher=Montana Office of Tourism|url=http://montanakids.com/cool_stories/Famous_Montanans/ament.htm|access-date=August 8, 2011}}</ref> Ament's father George was mayor of Big Sandy for fifteen years, as well as a barber and a school bus driver.<ref>Chaney, Rob. [http://www.missoulian.com/articles/2005/07/14/news/top/news01.txt "Pearl Jam to play benefit in Missoula"]. ''[[Missoulian]]''. July 14, 2005.</ref> Ament described his family growing up as "pretty poor"<ref name="vaziri">Vaziri, Aidin. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2000/10/29/PK40984.DTL "Q & A With Pearl Jam's Jeff Ament"]. ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]''. October 29, 2000.</ref> and "hard-core [[Catholic]]."<ref>Weisel, Al. [http://home.nyc.rr.com/alweisel/rollingstoneament.htm "Jeff Ament of Pearl Jam"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050308200157/http://home.nyc.rr.com/alweisel/rollingstoneament.htm |date=March 8, 2005 }}. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. August 8, 1996.</ref>

He began playing the bass guitar as a teenager, often playing along with [[Ramones]], [[The Clash]], and [[The Police]] records. Ament participated in basketball, [[American football|football]], and track at [[Big Sandy High School (Montana)|Big Sandy High School]], where he graduated in 1981.<ref>"Interview with Jeff Ament, Bassist for Pearl Jam". digital-noise.net. May 25, 2003.</ref> He then attended the [[University of Montana]] in [[Missoula, Montana]], where he studied art and played basketball.<ref>[http://www.vitalogy.de/faq/faq.html#2.8 "The Unofficial Pearl Jam FAQ"]. vitalogy.de.</ref><ref>Heaney, John. [http://www.missoulian.com/articles/2008/01/06/sports/sports05.txt "Meet: Jeff Ament: Pearl Jam's Ament Plays for Love of Game"]. ''[[Missoulian]]''. January 6, 2008.</ref> Ament quit college in the middle of his second year after the university told him they were no longer going to continue its [[graphic design]] program.<ref name="juice">Ho, Jeff. [http://juicemagazine.com/home/pearl-jam/ "Interview with Jeff Ament"]. ''Juice'' Magazine. 2006.</ref> In 1983, Ament relocated to [[Seattle]], Washington with his band Deranged Diction. While in Seattle, Ament got a job working at a coffee shop in [[Belltown, Seattle|Belltown]].<ref name="juice"/>

===Green River===
{{Main|Green River (band)}}
Ament became acquainted with fellow Seattle musicians [[Mark Arm]] and [[Steve Turner (guitarist)|Steve Turner]], and he was asked to join their new band [[Green River (band)|Green River]] in 1984. The band also included drummer [[Alex Vincent (drummer)|Alex Vincent]], with guitarist [[Stone Gossard]] eventually being added to the line-up. By the time the band finished the recording of its debut EP, ''[[Come on Down (EP)|Come on Down]]'', Turner decided to leave the group, citing his distaste with Ament and Gossard's [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] leanings.<ref name="allmusicgr">Huey, Steve. "[{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p13088|pure_url=yes}} Green River]". [[Allmusic]]. Retrieved on June 13, 2005.</ref> He was replaced by Ament's former Deranged Diction bandmate, [[Bruce Fairweather]].

The band released the EP ''Come on Down'' in 1985 and followed it up with ''[[Dry As a Bone]]'' in 1987, the first non-compilation release on [[Sub Pop]] records.<ref name="subpopbio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.subpop.com/bio/green_river|title=Sub Pop Records biography|website=Subpop.com|access-date=February 8, 2022|archive-date=July 25, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725064848/http://www.subpop.com/bio/green_river|url-status=dead}}</ref> The band's only full-length studio album, ''[[Rehab Doll]]'', was released in 1988.<ref name="subpopbio" /> In-fighting lead to the group's break-up during the recording of ''Rehab Doll''. A stylistic division had developed between Ament and Gossard on one side, and Arm on the other.<ref>Azerrad, Michael. ''[[Our Band Could Be Your Life]]''. Little Brown and Company, 2001. {{ISBN|0-316-78753-1}}, pg. 422</ref> Ament and Gossard wanted to pursue a major-label deal, while Arm wanted to remain [[independent music|independent]], viewing the duo as being too careerist.<ref name="allmusicgr" /> Regarding the accusation, Ament later said that during his time with the band he had to work at a restaurant in order to pay his rent, while the other members were supported by their parents. He said, "Did I want to play music and have my rent paid for? Hell yeah."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060702213630/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10574958/pearl_jam_extras "Pearl Jam Podcast"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''.</ref> The band achieved a considerable local reputation in Seattle and had a significant influence on the genre later known as [[grunge]], with Green River being described as "arguably the first grunge band."<ref name="allmusicgr" />

===Mother Love Bone===
{{Main|Mother Love Bone}}
Following Green River's dissolution, Ament established [[Mother Love Bone]] in 1988 along with former Green River members Gossard and Fairweather, former [[Malfunkshun]] frontman [[Andrew Wood (singer)|Andrew Wood]], and former [[10 Minute Warning|Ten Minute Warning]] and [[Skin Yard]] drummer [[Greg Gilmore]]. The band quickly worked on recording and performing locally and by late 1988 had become one of Seattle's more promising bands. In early 1989 the band signed to [[PolyGram]] subsidiary [[Mercury Records]]. In March of that year the group issued its debut EP, ''[[Shine (Mother Love Bone album)|Shine]]''.

In late 1989 the group returned to the studio to record its debut studio album, ''[[Apple (Mother Love Bone album)|Apple]]''. It was planned for a March 1990 release. Only days before the release of ''Apple'', however, frontman Wood, who had a long history with drug problems, [[Drug overdose|overdosed]] on heroin. After spending a few days in the hospital in a coma, Wood died, effectively bringing Mother Love Bone to an end. ''Apple'' was released later that year.

===Temple of the Dog===
{{Main|Temple of the Dog}}
Following Wood's death, Ament and Gossard almost parted company. Ament briefly spent time in the band [[War Babies (band)|War Babies]], but he eventually got back together with Gossard and a childhood friend of Gossard's named [[Mike McCready]]. The trio were attempting to form their own band when they were invited to be part of the [[Temple of the Dog]] project founded by [[Soundgarden]]'s [[Chris Cornell]] as a musical tribute to Andrew Wood. Cornell had been Wood's roommate. Ament described the collaboration as "a really good thing at the time" for him and Gossard that put them into a "band situation where we could play and make music."<ref name="Fivehorizons.com Interview">{{cite web|title=KISW 99.9 FM: Seattle, Radio Interview by Damon Stewart in The New Music Hour with Chris Cornell, Jeff Ament and Stone Gossard|author=Nicholls, Justin|publisher=Fivehorizons.com|url=http://www.fivehorizons.com/archive/articles/radio041491.shtml|access-date=2007-10-03|date=April 14, 1991}}</ref> The band's lineup was completed by the addition of Soundgarden drummer [[Matt Cameron]].

The band started rehearsing songs that Cornell had written on tour prior to Wood's death, as well as re-working some existing material from demos written by Gossard and Ament.<ref name="Guitar World - Requiem for a Heavyweight">Alden, Grant. "Requiem for a Heavyweight." ''[[Guitar World]]''. July 1997</ref> This project eventually featured vocalist [[Eddie Vedder]], who had arrived in Seattle to audition to be the singer for Ament and Gossard's next band, which later became Pearl Jam. Vedder sang a duet with Cornell on the song "[[Hunger Strike (song)|Hunger Strike]]" and provided background vocals on several other songs. The band decided that it had enough material for an entire album and, in April 1991, ''[[Temple of the Dog (album)|Temple of the Dog]]'' was released through [[A&M Records]].

===Pearl Jam===
{{Main|Pearl Jam}}
[[File:Pearl Jam Philadelphia 2016 01.JPG|thumb|Ament performing with Pearl Jam show at the [[Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia)|Wells Fargo Center]] in [[Philadelphia]] in April 2016]]
Pearl Jam was formed in 1990 by Ament, Gossard, and McCready,<ref name="crowe">{{cite magazine | last = Crowe | first = Cameron | url = https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10560431/five_against_the_world | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070519100135/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10560431/five_against_the_world | url-status = dead | archive-date = May 19, 2007 | title = Five Against the World | magazine = [[Rolling Stone]] | date = October 28, 1993 | access-date = 2007-06-23 }}</ref> who then recruited Vedder and drummer [[Dave Krusen]]. The band originally took the name [[Mookie Blaylock]], but was forced to change it when the band signed to [[Epic Records]] in 1991. After the recording sessions for ''[[Ten (Pearl Jam album)|Ten]]'' were completed, Krusen left Pearl Jam in May 1991.<ref name="secrethistory">Greene, Jo-Ann. "Pearl Jam and the Secret History of Seattle Part 2". ''[[Goldmine (magazine)|Goldmine]]''. ''August 1993''</ref> Krusen was replaced by [[Matt Chamberlain]], who had previously played with [[Edie Brickell & New Bohemians]]. After playing only a handful of shows, one of which was filmed for the "[[Alive (Pearl Jam song)|Alive]]" video, Chamberlain left to join the ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' band.<ref name="peiken">{{cite magazine | url=https://pearljamhistory.no.sapo.pt/PJArticles_Interviews_12-xx-93_-_modern_drummer.htm | title=Dave Abbruzzese of Pearl Jam | access-date=2007-07-01 | author=Peiken, Matt | magazine=[[Modern Drummer]] | date=December 1993 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120629145947/http://pearljamhistory.no.sapo.pt/PJArticles_Interviews_12-xx-93_-_modern_drummer.htm | archive-date=June 29, 2012 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> As his replacement, Chamberlain suggested [[Dave Abbruzzese]], who joined the group and played the rest of Pearl Jam's live shows supporting the ''Ten'' album.

''Ten'' broke the band into the mainstream, and became one of the best selling alternative albums of the 1990s. The band found itself amidst the sudden popularity and attention given to the Seattle music scene and the genre known as grunge. The single "[[Jeremy (song)|Jeremy]]" received [[Grammy Award]] nominations for [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Song|Best Rock Song]] and [[Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance|Best Hard Rock Performance]] in 1993.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19930107/1678641/clapton-tops-list-of-grammy-nominations |title=Clapton Tops List of Grammy Nominations |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]] |access-date=2008-08-03 |date=January 7, 1993 |archive-date=May 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519101016/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19930107&slug=1678641 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pearl Jam received four awards at the 1993 [[MTV Video Music Awards]] for its music video for "Jeremy", including [[MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year|Video of the Year]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Group Video|Best Group Video]].<ref name="MTV Award">{{cite web| url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1993/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828202646/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1993/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=August 28, 2008 |title=1993 Video Music Awards |publisher=[[MTV]].com |access-date=2008-08-02}}</ref> ''Ten'' was ranked number 207 on ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's list of the [[Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time|500 greatest albums of all time]],<ref name="500greatest">{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/features/coverstory/featuregen.asp?pid=2164| title=The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time| access-date=2008-05-06| magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080614194909/http://www.rollingstone.com/features/coverstory/featuregen.asp%3Fpid%3D2164| archive-date=June 14, 2008| url-status=dead}}</ref> and "Jeremy" was ranked number 11 on [[VH1]]'s list of the 100 greatest songs of the '90s.<ref name="greatest90s">{{cite web
  | url = http://www.vh1.com/shows/dyn/the_greatest/127759/episode_featured_copy.jhtml
  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071216020506/http://www.vh1.com/shows/dyn/the_greatest/127759/episode_featured_copy.jhtml
  | url-status = dead
  | archive-date = December 16, 2007
  | publisher = [[VH1]]
  | title = VH1: 100 Greatest Songs of the '90s
  | access-date = 2008-08-09}}</ref>

Following an intense touring schedule, the band went into the studio to record what would become its second studio album, ''[[Vs. (Pearl Jam album)|Vs.]]'', released in 1993. Upon its release, ''Vs.'' set at the time the record for most copies of an album sold in a week,<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://ew.com/article/1993/11/19/pearls-jam/ | title=Pearl's Jam | access-date=2007-08-31 | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | date=November 19, 1993 | first=Nisid | last=Hajari | archive-date=June 7, 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607100223/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,308749,00.html | url-status=live }}</ref> and spent five weeks at number one on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]. ''Vs.'' was nominated for a [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Album]] in 1995.<ref name="latimes">{{cite news
  | url = http://theenvelope.latimes.com/factsheets/awardsdb/env-awards-db-search,0,7169155.htmlstory?searchtype=all&query=pearl+jam
  | title = Awards Database
  | newspaper = [[Los Angeles Times]]
  | access-date = 2008-08-02}}</ref> From ''Vs.'', the song "[[Daughter (song)|Daughter]]" received a Grammy nomination for [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal|Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal]] and the song "[[Go (Pearl Jam song)|Go]]" received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE2DD113CF935A15751C0A963958260 |title=POP VIEW; Playing Grammy Roulette |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |author=Pareles, Jon |access-date=2008-08-03 | date=February 26, 1995}}</ref>

Feeling the pressures of success, the band decided to decrease the level of promotion for its albums, including refusing to release music videos.<ref>Ashare, Matt. "The Sweet Smell of (Moderate) Success". [[College Music Journal|CMJ]]. July 2000.</ref> "Ten years from now," Ament said, "I don't want people to remember our songs as videos."<ref name="crowe"/> In 1994, the band began a much-publicized boycott of [[Ticketmaster]], which lasted for three years and limited the band's ability to tour in the United States.<ref>DeRogatis, Jim. ''Milk It!: Collected Musings on the Alternative Music Explosion of the 90's''. Cambridge: Da Capo, 2003. {{ISBN|0-306-81271-1}}, pg. 58</ref> Ament took an active role during Pearl Jam's dispute with Ticketmaster in 1994 over prices and surcharges. Along with Gossard, Ament testified before a congressional subcommittee, arguing that Ticketmaster's practices were anti-competitive.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.grist.org/news/maindish/2006/07/21/vanschagen/ | title="Jam Session" – Interview with Stone Gossard | access-date=2008-11-01 | author=Van Schagen, Sarah | website=Grist.org | date=July 21, 2006}}</ref>

Later that same year the band released its third studio album, ''[[Vitalogy]]'', which became the band's third straight album to reach multi-platinum status. The album received Grammy nominations for [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]] and Best Rock Album in 1996.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E05EFDA1239F936A35752C0A960958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all |title=New Faces in Grammy Nominations |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |author=Strauss, Neil |access-date=2008-08-03 | date=January 5, 1996}}</ref> ''Vitalogy'' was ranked number 492 on ''Rolling Stone'' magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.<ref name="500greatest"/> The lead single "[[Spin the Black Circle]]" won a Grammy Award in 1996 for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref name="latimes"/> Although Abbruzzese performed on the album ''Vitalogy'', he was fired in August 1994, four months before the album was released.<ref name="tenpast">Weisbard, Eric, et al. "Ten Past Ten". [[Spin (magazine)|''Spin'']]. August 2001.</ref> The band cited political differences between Abbruzzese and the other members; for example, he disagreed with the Ticketmaster boycott.<ref name="tenpast"/> He was replaced by [[Jack Irons]], a close friend of Vedder and the former and original drummer of the [[Red Hot Chili Peppers]].<ref name="secrethistory"/>

The band subsequently released ''[[No Code]]'' in 1996 and ''[[Yield (album)|Yield]]'' in 1998. In 1998, prior to Pearl Jam's U.S. [[Yield Tour]], Irons left the band due to dissatisfaction with touring.<ref name="offhegoes">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/pearljam/articles/story/5928493/off_he_goes | title=Off He Goes | access-date=2007-06-28 | author=Fischer, Blair R | magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=April 17, 1998 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002115935/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/pearljam/articles/story/5928493/off_he_goes | archive-date=October 2, 2007 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Pearl Jam enlisted former Soundgarden drummer Matt Cameron as Irons' replacement on an initially temporary basis,<ref name="offhegoes"/> but he soon became a permanent replacement for Irons. "[[Do the Evolution]]" (from ''Yield'') received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/specials/1999/grammys/bigpicture.html |title=41st annual Grammy nominees and winners |publisher=[[CNN]].com |access-date=2008-08-03 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080613094347/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/specials/1999/grammys/bigpicture.html |archive-date = June 13, 2008}}</ref> In 1998, Pearl Jam recorded "[[Last Kiss]]", a cover of a 1960s ballad made famous by [[J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers]]. It was released on the band's 1998 fan club Christmas single; however, by popular demand, the cover was released to the public as a single in 1999. "Last Kiss" peaked at number two on the ''Billboard'' charts and became the band's highest-charting single.

In 2000, the band released its sixth studio album, ''[[Binaural (album)|Binaural]]'', and initiated a successful and ongoing series of [[Pearl Jam Official Bootlegs|official bootlegs]]. The band released seventy-two such live albums in 2000 and 2001, and set a record for most albums to debut in the ''Billboard'' 200 at the same time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12055527 |title=Pearl Jam Breaks Its Own Chart Record |access-date=2007-06-28 |author=Davis, Darren |publisher=[[Yahoo!|Yahoo! Music]] |date=March 7, 2001 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060912100129/http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12055527 |archive-date=September 12, 2006 }}</ref> "[[Grievance (song)|Grievance]]" (from ''Binaural'') received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1439384/20010214/pearl_jam.jhtml | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010223215253/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1439384/20010214/pearl_jam.jhtml | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 23, 2001 |title=Pearl Jam DVD Compiles Tour Footage |publisher=[[MTV]].com |author=Moss, Corey |access-date=2008-08-03}}</ref> The band released its seventh studio album, ''[[Riot Act (album)|Riot Act]]'', in 2002. Pearl Jam's contribution to the 2003 film, ''[[Big Fish]]'', "[[Man of the Hour]]", was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.goldenglobes.org/nominations/year/2003 |title=Golden Globes Nominations & Winners |publisher=goldenglobes.org |access-date=2008-02-20 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080201120641/http://www.goldenglobes.org/nominations/year/2003 |archive-date = February 1, 2008}}</ref> The band's eighth studio album, the eponymous ''[[Pearl Jam (album)|Pearl Jam]]'', was released in 2006. The band released its ninth studio album, ''[[Backspacer]]'', in 2009 its tenth studio album, ''[[Lightning Bolt (Pearl Jam album)|Lightning Bolt]]'', in 2013 and its eleventh studio album ''[[Gigaton (album)|Gigaton]]'' in 2020.

Aside from his musical contributions for the band, Ament has made significant contributions to the band's album artwork. His photography can be found throughout the majority of the band's releases. He has won two [[Grammy Award for Best Recording Package|Grammy Awards for Best Recording Package]] for his work on the album ''Lightning Bolt'' and on [[Chris Cornell]]'s [[Chris Cornell (album)|self-titled compilation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/jeff-ament/1260|title=Jeff Ament|date=2019-11-26|website=GRAMMY.com|language=en|access-date=2023-04-27}}</ref>