Editing Joint Terrorism Task Force (section)

==History and organization==
[[File:FBI and JTTF at Boston bombing.jpg|thumb|[[Boston]], Massachusetts, JTTF members addressing news media during the investigation into the 2013 [[Boston Marathon bombing]]]]
The first JTTF was established in 1980 in [[New York City]], with ten FBI [[special agent]]s and ten [[New York City Police Department]] (NYPD) [[detective]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fbi.gov/page2/dec04/jttf120114.htm |title=Protecting America Against Terrorist Attack – A Closer Look at the FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Forces |publisher=FBI |date=December 1, 2004 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225050733/https://www2.fbi.gov/page2/dec04/jttf120114.htm |archive-date=December 25, 2016 }}</ref> In 1999, the United States had 26 JTTFs; shortly after the attacks, [[Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI director]] [[Robert Mueller]] instructed all [[List of FBI field offices|FBI field offices]] to establish formal terrorism task forces.<ref name=Bjelopera/> By December 2011, there were more than 100 Joint Terrorism Task Forces nationwide, the vast majority established after the [[September 11 attacks]].<ref name=Bjelopera/>  There were 113 JTTFs as of 2013,<ref name=Price>Michael Price, [https://www.brennancenter.org/sites/default/files/publications/NationalSecurity_LocalPolice_web.pdf National Security and Local Police],  [[Brennan Center for Justice]] at the [[NYU School of Law]] (2013).</ref> and approximately 200 JTTFs as of 2022.<ref name=DeVine>Michael E. DeVine et al., [https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/2022-09-01_R47229_6489ffa6eaf640d2ade53f0973c079f2651e4eb9.pdf Intelligence Coordination on Domestic Terrorism and Violent Extremism: Background and Issues for Congress], Congressional Research Service (September 1, 2022).</ref>

JTTFs are led by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]], which is part of the [[U.S. Department of Justice]].<ref name=Bjelopera/><ref name=Price/> The various investigators, analysts, and specialists who participate in JTTFs (including linguists and [[Special Weapons and Tactics|SWAT]] personnel) are drawn from more than 600 state and local agencies and 50 federal agencies (including both federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies).<ref name=Bjelopera/> The FBI's 2011 ''Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide'', cited in a 2013 [[Congressional Research Service]] report, stated that more than 4,400 federal, state, and local law enforcement officers and agents work in JTTFs.<ref name=Bjelopera/>

The regional JTTFs coordinate their efforts through the interagency National Joint Terrorism Task Force (NJTTF), based at [[FBI Headquarters]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name=DeVine/> As of 2003, NJTTF was composed of representatives from 35 federal agencies<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fbi.gov/congress/congress03/mefford090403.htm |title=FBI Congressional Testimony |publisher=FBI |date=September 4, 2003 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230151500/https://www2.fbi.gov/congress/congress03/mefford090403.htm |archive-date=December 30, 2016 }}</ref> and fell under the Operational Support Branch of the [[FBI Counterterrorism Division]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usdoj.gov/oig/reports/FBI/a0410/orgchart.htm |title=Counterterrorism Division Organizational Chart |publisher=Office of the Inspector General |date=December 2003}}</ref>

A 2013 report from the [[Brennan Center for Justice]] at the [[NYU School of Law]] noted that "JTTFs tend to focus on investigative work while [[fusion center]]s are geared towards information collection and analysis, but their missions are intimately related and often overlapping"; JTTFs and fusion centers are sometimes "co-located" in the same physical working space.<ref name=Price/>