Editing Julia Ward Howe (section)

==Early life and education==
Julia Ward was born in New York City on May 27, 1819. She was the fourth of seven children. Her father [[Samuel Ward (banker)|Samuel Ward III]] was a [[Wall Street]] stockbroker, banker, and strict [[Calvinistic|Calvinist]] [[Episcopalian]]. Her mother was the poet [[Julia Rush Cutler Ward]],<ref name=VanB>{{cite ANB |author=Sandra F. VanBurkleo, Mary Jo Miles |title=Howe, Julia Ward |url=http://www.anb.org/articles/15/15-00348.html |year=2000 |access-date=November 5, 2013 }}</ref> related to [[Francis Marion]], the "Swamp Fox" of the [[American Revolution]]. She died during childbirth when Howe was five.

Howe was educated by private tutors and schools for young ladies until she was sixteen. Her eldest brother, [[Samuel Cutler Ward]], traveled in Europe and brought home a private library. She had access to these books, many contradicting the Calvinistic view.<ref>"Howe, Julia Ward (1819–1910)", ''Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History''.  Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2000. Credo Reference. November 7, 2013.</ref> Though social, she became well-read,<ref name="Julia Ward Howe Biography">{{cite web|title=Julia Ward Howe Biography|url=http://www.juliawardhowe.org/bio.htm|access-date=January 21, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Richards|first=Laura|title=Celebration of Women Writers|year=1915|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company|url=http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/richards/howe/howe-I.html#II}}</ref> as well as scholarly. She met, because of her father's status as a successful banker, [[Charles Dickens]], [[Charles Sumner]], and [[Margaret Fuller]].<ref name="Julia Ward Howe Biography" />

Her brother, [[Samuel Cutler Ward|Sam]], married into the [[Astor family]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Joann|first=Goodman|title=Julia Ward Howe|url=http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/juliawardhowe.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231033128/http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/juliawardhowe.html|archive-date=December 31, 2013}}</ref> allowing him great social freedom that he shared with his sister. The siblings were cast into mourning with the death of their father in 1839, the death of their brother, Henry, and the deaths of Samuel's wife, Emily, and their newborn child.{{cn|date=November 2022}}