Editing July 10 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[AD 138|138]] &ndash; Emperor [[Hadrian]] of Rome dies of [[heart failure]] at his residence on the bay of Naples, [[Baiae]]; he is buried at [[Ancient Rome|Rome]] in the [[Castel Sant'Angelo|Tomb of Hadrian]] beside his late wife, [[Vibia Sabina]].
*[[AD 420|420]] &ndash; Having usurped the throne of [[Emperor Gong of Jin]], [[Emperor Wu of Song|Liu Yu]] proclaims himself [[List of emperors of the Southern dynasties|Emperor]] of the [[Liu Song dynasty]].<ref>According to Liu Yu's biography in ''Book of Song'', he crowned himself emperor on the ''dingmao'' day of the 6th month of the 1st year of the ''Yongchu'' era of his reign. This corresponds to 10 Jul 420 in the Julian calendar. (永初元年夏六月丁卯，設壇於南郊，即皇帝位...) ''[[Song Shu]]'', vol. 03</ref>
* [[645]] &ndash; [[Isshi Incident]]: Prince [[Emperor Tenji|Naka-no-Ōe]] and [[Fujiwara no Kamatari]] assassinate [[Soga no Iruka]] during a ''[[coup d'état]]'' at the imperial palace.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ponsonby-Fane|first=Richard|title=The Imperial House of Japan|year=1959|publisher=Ponsonby Memorial Society|location=Kyoto|pages=49–50}}</ref>
* [[988]] &ndash; The Norse King [[Glúniairn]] recognises [[Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill]], High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept [[Brehon Law]]; the event is considered to be the founding of the city of [[Dublin]].
*[[1212]] &ndash; The most severe of several [[early fires of London]] burns most of the city to the ground.
*[[1290]] &ndash; [[Ladislaus IV of Hungary|Ladislaus IV]], [[King of Hungary]], is assassinated at the castle of [[Toboliu|Körösszeg]] (modern-day Cheresig in [[Romania]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Pál|last=Engel|title=The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3RKJDwAAQBAJ|year=2001|publisher=I.B. Tauris Publishers|isbn=9780857731739|page=109}}</ref>
*[[1460]] &ndash; [[Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick]], defeats the king's [[House of Lancaster|Lancastrian]] forces and takes [[Henry VI of England|King Henry VI]] prisoner in the [[Battle of Northampton (1460)|Battle of Northampton]].
*[[1499]] &ndash; The Portuguese explorer [[Nicolau Coelho]] returns to [[Lisbon]] after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of [[Vasco da Gama]].
*[[1512]] &ndash; The [[Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre]] commences with the capture of [[Goizueta, Navarre|Goizueta]].
*[[1519]] &ndash; [[Zhu Chenhao]] declares the [[Ming dynasty]]'s [[Zhengde Emperor]] a usurper, beginning the [[Prince of Ning rebellion]], and leads his army north in an attempt to capture [[Nanjing]].
*[[1553]] &ndash; [[Lady Jane Grey]] takes the throne of England.
*[[1584]] &ndash; [[William I of Orange]] is assassinated in his home in [[Delft]], [[Holland]], by [[Balthasar Gérard]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1645]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]]: The [[Battle of Langport]] takes place.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Collected Works of Thomas Carlyle|url=https://archive.org/details/collectedworkst00carlgoog|year=1864|publisher=Chapman and Hall|pages=[https://archive.org/details/collectedworkst00carlgoog/page/n413 397]}}</ref>
*[[1668]] &ndash; [[Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)|Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1671)]]: Notable [[Buccaneer]] [[Henry Morgan]] with an English [[Privateer]] force lands at [[Portobelo, Colón|Porto Bello]] in an attempt to [[Henry Morgan's raid on Porto Bello|capture the fortified and lucrative Spanish city]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Latimer|first1=Jon|author-link=Jon Latimer|title=Buccaneers of the Caribbean: How Piracy Forged an Empire|year=2009|pages=178–81| publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-03403-7}}</ref>
*[[1778]] &ndash; [[American Revolution]]: [[Louis XVI of France]] declares war on the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]].
*[[1789]] &ndash; [[Alexander Mackenzie (explorer)|Alexander Mackenzie]] reaches the [[Mackenzie River]] delta.
*[[1806]] &ndash; The [[Vellore Mutiny]] is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian [[sepoy]]s against the [[British East India Company]].
*[[1832]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Andrew Jackson]] vetoes a bill that would re-charter the [[Second Bank of the United States]].
*[[1850]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Millard Fillmore]] is sworn in, a day after becoming president upon [[Zachary Taylor]]'s death.
*[[1877]] &ndash; The then-[[Villa#Post-Roman era|villa]] of [[Mayagüez, Puerto Rico]], formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.
*[[1882]] &ndash; [[War of the Pacific]]: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the [[Battle of La Concepción]] when a garrison of 77 men is annihilated by a 1,300-strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears.
*[[1883]] &ndash; [[War of the Pacific]]: Chileans led by [[Alejandro Gorostiaga]] defeat [[Andrés Avelino Cáceres]]'s Peruvian army at the [[Battle of Huamachuco]], hastening the end of the war.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Historia militar de Chile|last1=Pinochet Ugarte|first1=Augusto|publisher=Biblioteca Militar|year=1997|last2=Villaroel Carmona|first2=Rafael|last3=Lepe Orellana|first3=Jaime|last4=Fuente-Alba Poblete|first4=J. Miguel|last5=Fuenzalida Helms|first5=Eduardo|edition=3rd|language=es|author-link=Augusto Pinochet|author-link4=Juan Miguel Fuente-Alba|pages=208–210}}</ref>
*[[1890]] &ndash; [[Wyoming]] is admitted as the 44th [[U.S. state]].<ref>{{cite book|author=United States Department of State|title=The Statutes at Large of the United States from ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=biU3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PR10|year=1891|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=10}}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[Arthur Meighen]] becomes [[Prime Minister of Canada]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Canada. Privy Council|author2=Public Archives of Canada|title=Guide to Canadian Ministries Since Confederation, July 1, 1867-April 1, 1973|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uP7VMpdQsg8C|year=1974|publisher=Public Archives of Canada|page=55}}</ref>
*[[1921]] &ndash; [[Bloody Sunday (1921)|Belfast's Bloody Sunday]] occurs with 20 killings, at least 100 wounded and 200 homes destroyed during rioting and gun battles in [[Belfast]], [[Northern Ireland]].<ref>Parkinson, Alan F. ''Belfast's Unholy War''. Four Courts Press, Dublin 2004; ISBN 1-85182-792-7, pg. 154.</ref>
*[[1924]] &ndash; [[Paavo Nurmi]] wins the 1,500&nbsp;m and 5,000&nbsp;m events at the [[1924 Summer Olympics|Paris Olympics]], with just an hour between the two races.<ref>{{cite book| author=Lauri Pihkala & Martti Jukola | title=Olympialaiskisat ennen ja Pariisissa 1924. 2. osa | location=Porvoo | publisher=WSOY | year=1924 | language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Scopes trial]]: In [[Dayton, Tennessee]], the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins of [[John T. Scopes]], a young high school science teacher accused of teaching [[evolution]] in violation of the [[Butler Act]].
*[[1927]] &ndash; [[Kevin O'Higgins]] [[Teachta Dála|TD]], Vice-President of the Executive Council of the [[Irish Free State]], is assassinated by the [[Irish Republican Army|IRA]].
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Howard Hughes]] begins a 91-hour [[airplane]] flight around the world that will set a new record.
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: The [[Vichy government]] is established in France.
*  1940   &ndash; World War II: Six days before [[Adolf Hitler]] issues his [[List of Adolf Hitler's directives|Directive 16]] to the combined ''[[Wehrmacht]]'' armed forces for [[Operation Sea Lion]], the ''[[Kanalkampf]]'' shipping attacks begin against British maritime convoys in the leadup to initiating the [[Battle of Britain]].
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[Jedwabne pogrom]]: Massacre of Polish Jews living in and near the village of [[Jedwabne]].
*  1942   &ndash; World War II: An American pilot spots a downed, intact [[Mitsubishi A6M Zero]] on [[Akutan Island]] (the "[[Akutan Zero]]"), which the US Navy then uses to learn the aircraft's flight characteristics.
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: [[Operation Husky]] begins in Sicily.<ref>{{cite book |author=Morison |first=Samuel Eliot |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i_3vsRs4G64C&pg=PA71 |title=Sicily-Salerno-Anzio |publisher=University of Illinois press |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-252-07039-6}}</ref>
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] is recommended as the first [[Governor-General of Pakistan]] by the British Prime Minister, [[Clement Attlee]].
*[[1951]] &ndash; [[Korean War]]: Armistice negotiations begin at [[Kaesong]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Telstar 1|Telstar]], the world's first [[communications satellite]], is launched into orbit.
*[[1966]] &ndash; The [[Chicago Freedom Movement]], co-founded by [[Martin Luther King Jr.]], holds a rally at [[Soldier Field]] in Chicago; as many as 60,000 people attend.
*[[1973]] &ndash; [[The Bahamas]] gains full independence within the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
*[[1974]] &ndash; An [[1974 EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 crash|EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes]] at [[Cairo International Airport]], killing all six people on board.<ref name="ASN">{{Cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev 154 SU-AXB Cairo |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740710-1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513010841/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740710-1 |archive-date=May 13, 2014 |access-date=May 9, 2014 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; Four mercenaries (one American and three British) are executed in [[Angola]] following the [[Luanda Trial]].
*  [[1978]]   &ndash; President [[Moktar Ould Daddah]] of [[Mauritania]] is ousted in a bloodless [[1978 Mauritanian coup d'état|coup d'état]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Koven |first=Ronald |date=July 11, 1978 |title=Mauritanian President Overthrown in Military Coup |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1978/07/11/mauritanian-president-overthrown-in-military-coup/ba4387a3-4583-4c92-9ad4-bbf9cce386b9/ |access-date=December 13, 2023 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> 
*[[1985]] &ndash; The [[Greenpeace]] vessel ''[[Rainbow Warrior (1978)|Rainbow Warrior]]'' is [[Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior|bombed and sunk]] in [[Auckland]] harbour by French [[DGSE]] agents, killing [[Fernando Pereira]].
*  1985   &ndash; An [[Aeroflot Flight 5143|Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes]] near [[Uchkuduk]], [[Uzbekistan]] (then part of the [[Soviet Union]]), killing all 200 people on board in the USSR's worst-ever airline disaster.
*[[1991]] &ndash; The [[South African cricket team]] is readmitted into the [[International Cricket Council]] following the end of [[Apartheid]].
*  1991   &ndash; [[Boris Yeltsin]] takes office as the first elected [[President of Russia]].<ref>{{cite book|author=((Editors of Chase's))|title=Chase's Calendar of Events 2021: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CPcCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA361|date=October 27, 2020|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-64143-424-9|pages=361}}</ref>
*  1991   &ndash; A [[L'Express Airlines Flight 508|Beechcraft Model 99 crashes]] near Birmingham Municipal Airport (now [[Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport]]) in [[Birmingham, Alabama]], killing 13 of the 15 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Beechcraft C99 Commuter N7217L Birmingham Airport, AL (BHM)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19910710-0|access-date=July 3, 2021|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1992]] &ndash; In [[Miami]], former [[Panamanian]] leader [[Manuel Noriega]] is sentenced to 40 years in prison for [[Recreational drug use|drug]] and [[racketeering]] violations.<ref>{{cite book|title=Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IIJi1YAoe_sC&pg=PA1246|year=1992|publisher=Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration|pages=1246}}</ref>
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[Myanmar|Burmese]] politician [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] is released from house arrest.<ref name="Nobel.org">[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-bio.html Aung San Suu Kyi – Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027035904/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-bio.html|date=27 October 2007}} Nobel Prize Foundation</ref>
*1995 &ndash; The [[NIOSH air filtration rating]]s update with the enactment of 42 CFR 84, previously published in the [[Federal Register]]. The new regulation includes rules governing the new [[N95 respirator]] standard.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 1995 |title=DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service 42 CFR Part 84 |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1995-06-08/pdf/95-13287.pdf |publisher=Federal Register}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Herring Jr.|first=Ronald N.|date=1997|title=42 CFR Part 84: It's time to change respirators... but how?|magazine=Engineer's Digest|pages=14–23}}</ref>
*[[1997]] &ndash; In London, scientists report the findings of the [[DNA]] analysis of a [[Neanderthal]] skeleton which supports the "[[out of Africa theory]]" of [[human evolution]], placing an "[[African Eve]]" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
*  1997   &ndash; [[Miguel Ángel Blanco]], a member of [[People's Party (Spain)|Partido Popular]] (Spain), is kidnapped (and later murdered) in the Basque city of [[Ermua]] by [[ETA (separatist group)|ETA]] members, sparking widespread protests.
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[Catholic Church sexual abuse cases]]: The [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas|Diocese of Dallas]] agrees to pay $23.4&nbsp;million to nine former altar boys who claim they were [[child sexual abuse|sexually abused]] by [[Rudolph Kos]], a former priest.
*[[1999]] &ndash; In women's [[association football]], the [[United States women's national soccer team|United States]] defeats [[China women's national football team|China]] in a [[penalty shoot-out (association football)|penalty shoot-out]] at the [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl]] near [[Los Angeles]] to win the [[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final|final match]] of the [[1999 FIFA Women's World Cup]]. Watched by 90,185 spectators, the final sets a new world record for attendance at a women's sporting event.
*[[2000]] &ndash; [[EADS]], the world's second-largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of [[Aérospatiale-Matra]], [[DaimlerChrysler Aerospace|DASA]], and [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]].
*  2000   &ndash; [[Bashar al-Assad]] succeeds his father [[Hafez al-Assad]] as [[President of Syria]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Syria Fast Facts|url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/18/world/meast/syria-fast-facts/index.html|access-date=January 12, 2022|website=CNN|date=June 19, 2013 }}</ref>
*[[2002]] &ndash; ''[[Massacre of the Innocents (Rubens)|The Massacre of the Innocents]]'', a painting by [[Peter Paul Rubens]], is sold at a [[Sotheby's]] auction for £49.5&nbsp;million (US$76.2&nbsp;million) to [[Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet|Lord Thomson]].
*[[2006]] &ndash; A [[Pakistan International Airlines Flight 688|Pakistan International Airlines Fokker F27 Friendship crashes]] near [[Multan International Airport]], killing all 45 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Fokker F-27 Friendship 200 AP-BAL Multan Airport (MUX) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20060710-0 |access-date=June 9, 2022 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[2007]] &ndash; [[Erden Eruç]] begins the first solo human-powered [[circumnavigation]] of the world.
*[[2008]] &ndash; Former Macedonian Interior Minister [[Ljube Boškoski]] is acquitted of all war-crimes charges by a [[United Nations]] tribunal.
*[[2011]] &ndash; Russian cruise ship ''[[Bulgaria (ship)|Bulgaria]]'' sinks in the [[Volga]] River near [[Syukeyevo]], [[Tatarstan]], causing 122 deaths.
*  2011   &ndash; Amid widespread backlash to revelations of [[News International phone hacking scandal|phone hacking]], the British weekly [[Tabloid (newspaper format)|tabloid]] newspaper ''[[News of the World]]'' publishes its final issue and shuts down after nearly 168 years in print.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/07/10/uk.phonehacking/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711145525/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/07/10/uk.phonehacking/|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 11, 2011|website=CNN|title=Murdoch flies in as scandal closes News of the World|date=July 10, 2011|first=Richard Allen |last=Greene}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; The [[Episcopal Church USA]] allows [[same-sex marriage]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Episcopal Church now largest with gay blessing|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/episcopal-church-now-largest-with-gay-blessing/|access-date=January 12, 2022|website=cbsnews.com|date=July 10, 2012 |language=en-US}}</ref> 
*[[2016]] &ndash; [[Portugal National Football Team|Portugal]] defeats [[France National Football Team|France]] in the [[UEFA Euro 2016 Final]] to win their first [[UEFA European Championship|European title]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/025a-0ec0db63e375-e3d06be8c923-1000--euro-2016-all-you-need-to-know/ |title=EURO 2016: all you need to know |date=January 1, 2023 |website=[[UEFA]]}}</ref>
*[[2017]] &ndash; [[War in Iraq (2013–2017)|Iraqi Civil War]]: [[Mosul]] is declared [[Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)|fully liberated]] from the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] by the government of [[Iraq]].
*[[2018]] &ndash; [[Tham Luang cave rescue]]: A group of Thai school children and their football coach are all rescued from a cave after being stuck there for 18 days; one Thai Navy SEAL diver dies during the rescue mission.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 10, 2018 |title=Cave rescue: Boys and football coach free from Tham Luang |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44782132 |access-date=July 17, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Weaver |first1=Matthew |last2=Davidson |first2=Helen |date=July 10, 2018 |title=All 12 boys and coach successfully rescued from Thai cave – as it happened |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/live/2018/jul/10/thai-cave-rescue-third-mission-planned-to-bring-out-remaining-boys-and-coach-live-updates |access-date=July 17, 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*[[2019]] &ndash; The final [[Volkswagen Beetle]] rolls off the line in [[Puebla (city)|Puebla]], Mexico; the last of 5,961 "Special Edition" cars will be exhibited in a museum.<ref>{{cite web|website=Sin Embargo|url=https://www.sinembargo.mx/13-07-2019/3611865|title=De los nazis a los hippies: el fin de la ruta del escarabajo se dio en México, donde se reprodujo por miles|date=July 13, 2019|access-date=July 14, 2019|language=es|trans-title=From Nazis to Hippies, end of the road for "Beetle" in Mexico, where it had been produced by the thousand}}</ref>