Editing June 1 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1252]] &ndash; [[Alfonso X]] is proclaimed king of [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] and [[Kingdom of León|León]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Martínez|first=H. Salvador|title=Alfonso X, the Learned: A Biography|location=Leiden|publisher=Brill|date=2010|isbn=9789004181472|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j0U08htguPUC|page=99}}</ref>
*[[1298]] &ndash; Residents of [[Riga]] and the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] defeat the [[Livonian Order]] in the [[Battle of Turaida]].<ref>{{cite book| title=The Military-Naval Encyclopedia of Russia and the Soviet Union |first=David R. |last=Jones |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vVXfAAAAMAAJ&q=Treiden |publisher=Academic International Press |year=1978 |page=26 |isbn=978-0-87569-028-5}}</ref>
*[[1495]] &ndash; A [[monk]], [[John Cor]], records the first known batch of [[Scotch whisky]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hagley.org/research/news/hagley-vault/date-june-1-1494-john-cor-tironensian-monk-lindores-abbey-fife-scotland|title=On this Date, June 1, in 1494, John Cor, a Tironensian Monk at Lindores Abbey in Fife, Scotland, Recorded the First Known Written Reference to Scotch Whisky|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=1 June 2021|website=Hagley|publisher=Hagley Museum|access-date=26 October 2022}}</ref>
*[[1533]] &ndash; [[Anne Boleyn]] is crowned [[Queen consort|Queen]] of England.<ref>Fraser, Antonia ''The Wives of Henry VIII'' New York: Knopf (1992) {{ISBN|0-679-73001-X}}, page 195</ref>
*[[1535]] &ndash; Combined forces loyal to [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] attack and expel the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] from [[Tunis]] during the [[Conquest of Tunis (1535)|Conquest of Tunis]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1648]] &ndash; The [[Roundhead]]s defeat the [[Cavalier]]s at the [[Battle of Maidstone]] in the [[Second English Civil War]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Robert Furley|title=A History of the Weald of Kent, with an Outline of the Early History of the Country, by Robert Furley, Also, a Sketch of the Physical Features of the District by Henry B. Mackeson: In Two Volumes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-RcAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA545|year=1874|publisher=[[Kentish Express#History|H Igglesden]]|pages=545}}</ref>
*[[1649]] &ndash; Start of the [[Philippine revolts against Spain#Sumuroy Revolt (1649–1650)|Sumuroy Revolt]]: Filipinos in [[Northern Samar]] led by [[Agustin Sumuroy]] revolt against Spanish colonial authorities.
*[[1670]] &ndash; In [[Dover]], England, [[Charles II of England]] and [[Louis XIV of France]] sign the [[Secret Treaty of Dover]], which will force England into the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]].
*[[1676]] &ndash; [[Battle of Öland]]: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the [[Scanian War]] (1675–79).
*[[1679]] &ndash; The Scottish [[Covenanter]]s defeat [[John Graham of Claverhouse]] at the [[Battle of Drumclog]].
*[[1773]] &ndash; [[Wolraad Woltemade]] rescues 14 sailors at the [[Cape of Good Hope]] from the sinking ship ''De [[Jonge Thomas]]'' by riding his horse into the sea seven times. Both he and his horse, Vonk, are drowned on his eighth attempt.
*[[1779]] &ndash; The [[court-martial]] for [[malfeasance]] of [[Benedict Arnold]], a [[general officer|general]] in the [[Continental Army]] during the [[American Revolutionary War]], begins.<ref name="Galleries1950">{{cite book|author=Parke-Bernet Galleries|title=Sales|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D4jpAAAAMAAJ|year=1950|publisher=Parke-Bernet Galleries|page=12}}</ref>
*[[1792]] &ndash; [[Kentucky]] is [[Admission to the Union|admitted]] as the 15th [[U.S. state|state]] of the United States.
*[[1794]] &ndash; The battle of the [[Glorious First of June]] is fought, the first naval engagement between Britain and France during the [[French Revolutionary Wars]].
*[[1796]] &ndash; [[Tennessee]] is admitted as the 16th state of the United States.<ref>{{cite web|title=How Tennessee Became a State|url=https://tnmuseum.org/junior-curators/posts/how-tennessee-became-a-state|author=Grisham, Christopher|website=TNMuseum.org|publisher=Tennessee State Museum|date=June 1, 2020|access-date=May 31, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1812]] &ndash; [[War of 1812]]: U.S. President [[James Madison]] asks the [[United States Congress|Congress]] to declare war on the United Kingdom.
*[[1813]] &ndash; [[Capture of USS Chesapeake|Capture of USS ''Chesapeake'']].
*[[1815]] &ndash; [[Napoleon]] promulgates a revised [[Charter of 1815|Constitution]] after it passes a plebiscite.
*[[1831]] &ndash; [[James Clark Ross]] becomes the first European at the [[North Magnetic Pole]].
*[[1849]] &ndash; Territorial Governor [[Alexander Ramsey]] declared the [[Territory of Minnesota]] officially established.
*[[1854]] &ndash; [[Åland War]]: The [[British navy]] destroys [[merchant ship]]s and about 16,000 [[Tar|tar barrels]] of the wholesale stocks area in [[Oulu]], [[Grand Duchy of Finland]].<ref>{{cite book| title=Oulun kaupungin historia III| author=Kustaa Hautala| location=Oulu| publisher= Kirjapaino Oy Kaleva|year= 1975|isbn= 951-95283-2-6| pages=446–451|language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1855]] &ndash; The American [[adventurer]] [[William Walker (filibuster)|William Walker]] conquers [[Nicaragua]].
*[[1857]] &ndash; [[Charles Baudelaire]]'s ''[[Les Fleurs du mal]]'' is published.
*  1857   &ndash; The [[Revolution of the Ganhadores]] begins in [[Salvador, Bahia]], Brazil.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reis |first=João José |date=May 1997 |others=Translated by H. Sabrina Gledhill |title='The Revolution of the Ganhadores': Urban Labour, Ethnicity and the African Strike of 1857 in Bahia, Brazil |journal=[[Journal of Latin American Studies]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=29 |issue=2 |page=379 |doi=10.1017/S0022216X9700477X |doi-broken-date=31 May 2025 |jstor=158398 |s2cid=55955013 |url=http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/8349 |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=26 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022185942/https://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/8349 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[1861]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: The [[Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861)|Battle of Fairfax Court House]] is fought.
*[[1862]] &ndash; American Civil War: [[Peninsula Campaign]]: The [[Battle of Seven Pines]] (or the Battle of Fair Oaks) ends inconclusively, with both sides claiming victory.
*[[1868]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Bosque Redondo]] is signed, allowing the [[Navajo]] to return to their lands in [[Arizona]] and [[New Mexico]].
*[[1879]] &ndash; [[Napoléon, Prince Imperial|Napoléon Eugène]], the last dynastic [[House of Bonaparte|Bonaparte]], is killed in the [[Anglo-Zulu War]].
*[[1890]] &ndash; The [[United States Census Bureau]] begins using [[Herman Hollerith]]'s [[tabulating machine]] to count [[census]] returns.

===1901–present===
*[[1913]] &ndash; The [[Greek–Serbian Alliance of 1913|Greek–Serbian Treaty of Alliance]] is signed, paving the way for the [[Second Balkan War]].
*[[1916]] &ndash; The [[United States Senate]] confirms the appointment of [[Louis Brandeis]] to the [[United States Supreme Court]], making him the first [[Jews|Jew]] to be an [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States|Associate Justice]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Douglas |first1=William O. |title=Louis Brandeis: Dangerous Because Incorruptible |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/05/archives/louis-brandeis-dangerous-because-incorruptible-justice-on-trial-the.html |work=The New York Times |date=July 5, 1964 |page=BR3 |access-date=October 4, 2020 |archive-date=February 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225234657/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/05/archives/louis-brandeis-dangerous-because-incorruptible-justice-on-trial-the.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]: [[Battle of Belleau Wood]]: Allied Forces under [[John J. Pershing]] and [[James Harbord]] engage Imperial German Forces under [[Wilhelm, German Crown Prince]].
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Prohibition in Finland|Prohibition]] comes into force in Finland.<ref>{{cite book| author=Vihtori Karpio| title=Raittiuden ystävät 1883–1933|page=417| publisher=Gummerus| location=Jyväskylä| year=1938|language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1922]] &ndash; The [[Royal Ulster Constabulary]] is founded.
*[[1929]] &ndash; The [[1st Conference of the Communist Parties of Latin America]] is held in [[Buenos Aires]].
*[[1930]] &ndash; The [[Deccan Queen]] is introduced as first intercity train between Bombay VT (Now [[Mumbai CST]]) and Poona ([[Pune Junction railway station|Pune]]) to run on electric locomotives.
*[[1939]] &ndash; First flight of the German [[Focke-Wulf Fw 190]] [[fighter aircraft]].
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: The [[Battle of Crete]] ends as [[Crete]] capitulates to Germany.
*  1941   &ndash; The [[Farhud]], a massive pogrom in Iraq, starts and as a result, many Iraqi Jews are forced to leave their homes.
*[[1943]] &ndash; [[BOAC Flight 777]] is shot down over the [[Bay of Biscay]] by German [[Junkers Ju 88]]s, killing British actor [[Leslie Howard (actor)|Leslie Howard]] and leading to speculation that it was actually an attempt to kill British [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Winston Churchill]].
*[[1946]] &ndash; [[Ion Antonescu]], "Conducator" ("Leader") of Romania during World War II, is executed.
*[[1950]] &ndash; The [[Declaration of Conscience]] speech, by U.S. Senator from [[Maine]], [[Margaret Chase Smith]], is delivered in response to [[Joseph R. McCarthy]]'s speech at [[Wheeling, West Virginia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=A Declaration of Conscience |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/investigations/mccarthy-hearings/a-declaration-of-conscience.htm |website=U.S. Senate |access-date=16 February 2022}} [https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/SmithDeclaration.pdf Smith. ''Declaration'']</ref>
*  1950   &ndash; The [[Chinchaga fire]] ignites. By September, it would become the largest single fire on record in North America.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Field|first=Robert|title=Revisiting the 1950 Great Smoke Pall|journal=Canadian Smoke Newsletter|date=Fall 2008|pages=13–16|url=http://www.espo.nasa.gov/arctas/docs/CanadianSmokeNwsltr_Feb2009.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404051331/http://www.espo.nasa.gov/arctas/docs/CanadianSmokeNwsltr_Feb2009.pdf|archive-date=2009-04-04|access-date=7 March 2020}}</ref>
*[[1958]] &ndash; [[Charles de Gaulle]] comes out of retirement to lead France by decree for six months.
*[[1961]] &ndash; The [[Canadian Bank of Commerce]] and [[Imperial Bank of Canada]] merge to form the [[Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce]], the largest bank merger in Canadian history.
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Adolf Eichmann]], former [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] officer in [[Nazi Germany]], is hanged in [[Israel]] for having committed [[crimes against humanity]], [[war crime]]s, and other offenses.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hull|first=William L.|title=The Struggle for a Soul|year=1963|publisher=Doubleday|location=New York|oclc=561109771|page=160|postscript=none}}; {{cite news|last=Fellows|first=Julian|title=Eichmann Dies on Gallows For Role in Killing of Jews|work=The New York Times|date=June 1, 1962|pages=1, 2}}</ref>
*[[1964]] &ndash; [[Kenya]] becomes a republic with [[Jomo Kenyatta]]  as its first [[President (government title)|President]].
*[[1974]] &ndash; The [[Heimlich maneuver]] for rescuing choking victims is published in the journal ''Emergency Medicine''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/.premium-1974-the-heimlich-maneuver-is-invented-1.5389772 |title=This Day in Jewish History 1974: The Heimlich Maneuver Is Invented, Eaters Applaud |last=Green |first=David B. |date=2016-06-01 |work=Haaretz |access-date=2019-05-16 |df=mdy-all}}</ref>
*[[1975]] &ndash; The [[Patriotic Union of Kurdistan]] was founded by [[Jalal Talabani]], [[Nawshirwan Mustafa]], [[Fuad Masum]] and others.
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 418]] crashes in [[Bioko]], Equatorial Guinea, killing 46.<ref name="ASN">{{ASN accident|id=19760601-2|accessdate=7 September 2011}}</ref>
*[[1978]] &ndash; The first international applications under the [[Patent Cooperation Treaty]] are filed.
*[[1979]] &ndash; The first black-led government of [[Rhodesia]] (now [[Zimbabwe]]) in 90 years takes power.
*[[1980]] &ndash; [[CNN|Cable News Network]] (CNN) begins [[broadcasting]].
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[European Central Bank]] is founded in [[Brussels]].
*  1988   &ndash; The [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]] comes into effect.
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: [[George H. W. Bush]] and [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] sign a [[treaty]] to end [[chemical weapon]] production.
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Dobrinja mortar attack]]: Thirteen are killed and 133 wounded when Serb mortar shells are fired at a soccer game in [[Dobrinja]], west of [[Sarajevo]].
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Republic of South Africa]] becomes a [[republic in the Commonwealth of Nations]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/south-africa-returns-to-the-commonwealth-fold-1419686.html |last=Carlin |first=John |title=South Africa returns to the Commonwealth fold |work=The Independent |date=1 June 1994 |access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>
*[[1999]] &ndash; [[American Airlines Flight 1420]] slides and crashes while landing at [[Little Rock National Airport]], killing 11 people on a flight from [[Dallas]] to [[Little Rock]].
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Nepalese royal massacre]]: Crown Prince [[Dipendra of Nepal]] shoots and kills several members of his family including his father and mother.
*  2001   &ndash; [[Dolphinarium discotheque massacre]]: A [[Hamas]] suicide bomber kills 21 at a disco in [[Tel Aviv]].
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[Oklahoma City bombing]] co-conspirator [[Terry Nichols]] is sentenced to 161 consecutive life terms without the possibility of parole.
*[[2008]] &ndash; [[2008 Universal fire|A fire on the back lot of Universal Studios]] breaks out, destroying the attraction [[King Kong Encounter]] and a large archive of master tapes for music and film, the full extent of which was not revealed until 2019.
*[[2009]] &ndash; [[Air France Flight 447]] crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Brazil on a flight from [[Rio de Janeiro]] to Paris. All 228 passengers and crew are killed.
*  2009   &ndash; [[General Motors]] [[General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization|files]] for [[Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code|Chapter 11]] [[bankruptcy]]. It is the fourth largest United States bankruptcy in history.
*[[2011]] &ndash; A [[2011 New England tornado outbreak|rare tornado outbreak]] occurs in [[New England]]; a strong EF3 tornado strikes [[Springfield, Massachusetts]], during the event, killing four people.
*  2011   &ndash; [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'']] makes its final landing after 25 flights.<ref name=finallanding>{{cite news  |title=Endeavour completes final mission; one flight left for NASA|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/US/06/01/nasa.endeavour.lands/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114180839/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/US/06/01/nasa.endeavour.lands/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 14, 2012|access-date=March 9, 2019 | work=CNN |date=June 1, 2011}}</ref>
*[[2015]] &ndash; A ship carrying 458 people [[Sinking of Dongfang zhi Xing|capsizes]] in the [[Yangtze]] river in China's [[Hubei]] province, killing 442 people.