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June 9
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==Events== ===Pre-1600=== *[[411 BC]] – The [[Athenian coup of 411 BC|Athenian coup]] succeeds, forming a short-lived [[oligarchy]]. *[[AD 53|53]] – The [[Roman emperor]] [[Nero]] marries [[Claudia Octavia]]. *[[AD 68|68]] – [[Nero]] dies by suicide after quoting [[Vergil]]'s ''[[Aeneid]]'', thus ending the [[Julio-Claudian dynasty]] and starting the civil war known as the [[Year of the Four Emperors]]. * [[721]] – [[Odo of Aquitaine]] defeats the [[Moors]] in the [[Battle of Toulouse (721)|Battle of Toulouse]]. *[[AD 747|747]] – [[Abbasid Revolution#Persian phase|Abbasid Revolution]]: [[Abu Muslim Khorasani]] begins an open revolt against [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] rule, which is carried out under the sign of the [[Black Standard]]. *[[1311]] – [[Duccio]]'s [[Maestà (Duccio)|Maestà]], a seminal artwork of the early [[Italian Renaissance]], is unveiled and installed in [[Siena Cathedral]] in [[Siena]], Italy. *[[1523]] – The Parisian Faculty of Theology fines [[Simon de Colines]] for publishing the Biblical commentary ''Commentarii initiatorii in quatuor Evangelia'' by [[Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples]]. *[[1534]] – [[Jacques Cartier]] is the first European to describe and map the [[Saint Lawrence River]]. ===1601–1900=== *[[1732]] – [[James Oglethorpe]] is granted a [[royal charter]] for the colony of the future U.S. state of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. *[[1772]] – The [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] [[schooner]] ''[[Gaspee Affair|Gaspee]]'' is burned in Narragansett Bay, [[Rhode Island]]. *[[1798]] – [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]]: [[Battle of Arklow|Battles of Arklow]] and [[Battle of Saintfield|Saintfield]]. *[[1815]] – End of the [[Congress of Vienna]]: The new European political situation is set. *[[1856]] – Five hundred [[Mormon handcart pioneers|Mormon]]s leave [[Iowa City, Iowa]] for the [[Mormon Trail]]. *[[1862]] – [[American Civil War]]: [[Stonewall Jackson]] concludes his successful [[Jackson's Valley Campaign|Shenandoah Valley Campaign]] with a victory in the [[Battle of Port Republic]]. *[[1863]] – American Civil War: The [[Battle of Brandy Station]] in [[Virginia in the American Civil War|Virginia]], the largest cavalry battle on American soil, ends [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] cavalry dominance in the [[Eastern theater of the American Civil War|eastern theater]]. *[[1885]] – [[Treaty of Tientsin (1885)|Treaty of Tientsin]] is signed to end the [[Sino-French War]], with [[Qing dynasty|China]] eventually giving up [[Tonkin]] and [[Annam (Chinese province)|Annam]] – most of present-day [[Vietnam]] – to France. *[[1900]] – Indian nationalist [[Birsa Munda]] dies of [[cholera]] in a British prison. ===1901–present=== *[[1915]] – [[William Jennings Bryan]] resigns as [[Woodrow Wilson]]'s [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] over a disagreement regarding the United States' handling of the sinking of the {{RMS|Lusitania}}. *[[1922]] – [[Åland]]'s Regional Assembly convened for its first plenary session in [[Mariehamn]], Åland;<ref>{{cite magazine | title = Ahvenanmaa pähkinänkuoressa| magazine = Ahvenanmaa – ahaa!| date = 2007 | page = 3 | language = fi}}</ref> today, the day is celebrated as [[Åland's Autonomy Day|Self-Government Day of Åland]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.pohjola-norden.fi/fi/tietoa_pohjoismaista/ahvenanmaa/historiaa_lyhyesti/?id=280 | title = Ahvenanmaan historiaa lyhyesti | work = Pohjola Norden | access-date = December 10, 2020 | language = fi | archive-date = January 29, 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160129231821/http://www.pohjola-norden.fi/fi/tietoa_pohjoismaista/ahvenanmaa/historiaa_lyhyesti/?id=280 | url-status = dead }}</ref> *[[1923]] – [[Bulgaria]]'s military takes over the government in a [[Bulgarian coup d'état of 1923|coup]]. *[[1928]] – [[Charles Kingsford Smith]] completes the first trans-Pacific flight in a [[Fokker F.VII|Fokker Trimotor monoplane]], the ''[[Southern Cross (aircraft)|Southern Cross]]''. *[[1930]] – A ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' reporter, [[Jake Lingle]], is killed during rush hour at the [[Illinois]] Central train station by [[Leo Vincent Brothers]], allegedly over a $100,000 gambling debt owed to [[Al Capone]]. *[[1944]] – [[World War II]]: Ninety-nine civilians are [[Tulle massacre|hanged from lampposts and balconies]] by German troops in [[Tulle]], France, in reprisal for [[Maquis du Limousin|maquisards]] attacks. * 1944 – World War II: The [[Soviet Union]] invades [[East Karelia]] and the [[Karelia (historical province of Finland)|previously Finnish part of Karelia]], occupied by Finland since [[1941]]. *[[1948]] – Foundation of the [[International Council on Archives]] under the auspices of the UNESCO. *[[1953]] – The [[Flint–Worcester tornado outbreak sequence]] kills 94 people in [[Massachusetts]]. *[[1954]] – [[Joseph N. Welch]], special counsel for the United States Army, lashes out at Senator [[Joseph McCarthy]] during the [[Army–McCarthy hearings]], giving McCarthy the famous rebuke, "You've done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?" *[[1957]] – First ascent of [[Broad Peak]] by [[Fritz Wintersteller]], [[Marcus Schmuck]], [[Kurt Diemberger]], and [[Hermann Buhl]]. *[[1959]] – The {{USS|George Washington|SSBN-598|6}} is launched. It is the first [[Nuclear power|nuclear-powered]] [[ballistic missile submarine]]. *[[1965]] – The civilian Prime Minister of [[South Vietnam]], [[Phan Huy Quát]], resigns after being unable to work with a junta led by [[Nguyễn Cao Kỳ]]. * 1965 – [[Vietnam War]]: The [[Viet Cong]] commences combat with the [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] in the [[Battle of Dong Xoai|Battle of Đồng Xoài]], one of the largest battles in the war. *[[1967]] – [[Six-Day War]]: [[Israel]] captures the [[Golan Heights]] from [[Syria]]. *[[1968]] – U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] declares a national day of mourning following the [[assassination of Senator Robert F. Kennedy]]. *[[1972]] – Severe rainfall causes a dam in the [[Black Hills]] of [[South Dakota]] to burst, creating [[1972 Black Hills flood|a flood]] that kills 238 people and causes $160 million in damage. *[[1973]] – In horse racing, [[Secretariat (horse)|Secretariat]] wins the [[Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing|U.S. Triple Crown]]. *[[1978]] – [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] opens its [[Priesthood (Latter Day Saints)|priesthood]] to "all worthy men", ending a 148-year-old policy of excluding black men. *[[1979]] – The [[1979 Sydney Ghost Train fire|Ghost Train fire]] at [[Luna Park Sydney]], Australia, kills seven. *[[1995]] – [[Ansett New Zealand Flight 703]] crashes into the [[Tararua Range]] during approach to [[Palmerston North Airport]] on the [[North Island]] of [[New Zealand]], killing four.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident de Havilland Canada DHC-8-102 ZK-NEY Palmerston North|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19950609-0|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-08|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]|archive-date=2020-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205182208/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19950609-0}}</ref> *[[1999]] – [[Kosovo War]]: The [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] and [[NATO]] sign a [[Kumanovo Agreement|peace treaty]]. *[[2008]] – [[2008 Beni Amrane bombings|Two bombs explode]] at a train station near [[Algiers|Algiers, Algeria]], killing at least 13 people. *[[2009]] – An [[Pearl Continental hotel bombing|explosion]] kills 17 people and injures at least 46 at a hotel in [[Peshawar]], Pakistan. *[[2010]] – At least 40 people are killed and more than 70 wounded in a [[Nadahan wedding bombing|suicide bombing]] at a wedding party in [[Arghandab District|Arghandab]], [[Kandahar]].
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