Editing Kalam cosmological argument (section)

==Form of the argument==

The most prominent form of the Kalam cosmological argument, as defended by William Lane Craig, is expressed in two parts, as an initial [[syllogism]] followed by further philosophical analysis.<ref>[[#CrgBC|Craig and Moreland, 2009]]: 102</ref>

=== Initial syllogism ===

The Kalam cosmological argument is a [[deductive argument]]. Therefore, if its [[premises]] are true, the conclusion follows [[logical consequence|necessarily]].

#Everything that begins to exist has a cause.
#The universe began to exist.
#Therefore, the universe has a cause.

=== Conceptual analysis of the conclusion ===

Craig argues that the cause of the universe [[logical entailment|necessarily]] embodies specific properties, in being:<ref name=BCNTPA>[[#CrgBC|Craig and Moreland, 2009]]: 193–194</ref>

*Uncaused, otherwise an [[infinite regress]] of causes would arise.
*Timeless (therefore changeless), spaceless, immaterial and enormously powerful, in creating [[spacetime]] and its contents ''[[creatio ex nihilo|ex nihilo]]''.
*Personal, possessing [[determinism|non-deterministic]] [[agent causation|agency]], in creating the universe from a timeless state (without prior determining conditions).
*Singular, per [[Occam's razor]], in the absence of good reasons to believe in the existence of more than one uncaused cause.

Based upon this analysis, he appends a further premise and conclusion:<ref name=BCNTPA />

<ol start="4"><li> If the universe has a cause, then an uncaused, personal Creator of the universe exists who ''[[wikt:sans#English|sans]] (without)'' the universe<ref name=CraigGT>[[#CrgTE|Craig, 2001]] Craig establishes this caveat on theological grounds distinct from the argument, postulating that God enters into a [[temporality|temporal]] state at the moment of creation, therefore, no longer embodying the properties of timelessness and changelessness.</ref> is beginningless, changeless, immaterial, timeless, spaceless and enormously powerful.</li>

<li> Therefore, an uncaused, personal Creator of the universe exists, who ''sans'' the universe is beginningless, changeless, immaterial, timeless, spaceless and enormously powerful.</li>
</ol>

Craig notes the [[theology|theological]] implications that follow from the final conclusion of this argument.<ref name="auto">[[#CrgKC|Craig, 2000]]: 149</ref>