Editing Kraft process (section)

==History==
[[File:Papelparamolde.jpg|thumb|A roll of kraft paper]]
A precursor of the kraft process was used during the [[Napoleonic Wars]] in England.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fIdtAAAAIAAJ&q=England+Sulphur|title = Pulp and Paper Manufacture, vol. 1 : The Pulping of Wood |date = 1969|publisher = [[McGraw Hill]]|edition = 2nd|volume = 1|editor-first1 = Ronald Gordon|editor-last1 = Macdonald|editor-first2 = John N.|editor-last2 = Franklin|author = Joint Textbook Committee of the Paper Industry |oclc = 867778880}}</ref> The kraft process was invented by [[Carl F. Dahl]] in 1879 in [[Gdańsk|Danzig]], [[Prussia]], [[German Empire|Germany]]. {{US patent|296935}} was issued in 1884, and a pulp mill using this technology began in [[Sweden]] in 1890.<ref name="bier">{{cite book |last=Biermann |first=Christopher J. |title=Essentials of Pulping and Papermaking |year=1993 |publisher=Academic Press, Inc. |location=San Diego |isbn=0-12-097360-X |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/essentialsofpulp0000bier }}</ref> The invention of the [[recovery boiler]] by G. H. Tomlinson in the early 1930s was a milestone in the advancement of the kraft process.<ref name="eero">{{cite book |author= E. Sjöström |title= Wood Chemistry: Fundamentals and Applications |publisher= [[Academic Press]]|year= 1993 |isbn= 0-12-647480-X}}</ref> It enabled the recovery and reuse of the inorganic pulping chemicals such that a kraft mill is a nearly closed-cycle process with respect to inorganic chemicals, apart from those used in the bleaching process. For this reason, in the 1940s, the kraft process superseded the [[sulfite process]] as the dominant method for producing wood pulp.<ref name="bier"/>