Editing Labelle (section)

==History==
===Origins===
In 1960, 16-year-old Patricia "Patsy" Holte won her first talent contest at a [[Philadelphia]] high school. Following this, she sought to form her own singing group the following year called the Ordettes.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Holte formed the group with singers Jean Brown, Yvonne Hogen and Johnnie Dawson. The group gained a local following. Dawson was eventually replaced by [[Sundray Tucker]]. By 1961, Jean Brown and Yvonne Hogan had ditched the group to get married, and Patti and Sundray carried on as soloists.

Later in 1961, Patti and Sundray's manager Bernard Montague contacted two singers from the [[Trenton, New Jersey]] singing group the Del-Capris, Nona Hendryx and Sarah Dash.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Eventually Hendryx and Dash became official replacements for Brown and Hogan as the Ordettes. The group soon began working with musician Morris Bailey. Bailey and Montague's schedule led to Tucker leaving the group after which another singer, [[Cindy Birdsong]], from Camden New Jersey, joined the group.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> The grouping of Holte, Dash, Hendryx and Birdsong toured the [[Chitlin' Circuit]], gaining a following in the eastern U.S.

In 1962, Chicago-based group [[The Starlets]] had traveled to Philadelphia to do sessions for producer [[Bobby Martin (producer)|Bobby Martin]] and record label owner Harold Robinson, president of Newtown Records. One of the sessions included a cover of the standard, "[[I Sold My Heart to the Junkman]]". At the time of the song's release, the group had a hit with the song "Better Tell Him No" and were unable to promote the song because they were signed to another label. The song was credited under the name "The Blue Belles". The Ordettes auditioned by singing the song. Before hearing the group, Robinson turned them down due to being unimpressed with Patti's looks but upon hearing her singing, he changed his mind and signed the group to Newtown.

When "I Sold My Heart" became popular, Robinson sent the Ordettes to promote it under the assumed name of the Blue Belles. After a televised performance at ''[[American Bandstand]]'' featuring the Ordettes, the Starlets' manager sued Harold Robinson and Bobby Martin. Around the same time, Robinson was also sued for having another group use the name "Blue Belles". Following the aftermath of the ordeals, Robinson gave Patti Holte a new name, "Patti LaBelle", and the group's name was rechristened as Patti LaBelle and The Blue Belles.<ref name="LarkinSM"/>

===Sweethearts of the Apollo===
Following several releases such as "Academy Award" and "Tear After Tear", the group recorded their first national hit under their new name in 1963 with the release of the ballad, "Down the Aisle (The Wedding Song)", first released under Newtown, before it received national distribution from [[King Records (United States)|King Records]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> As a result, the record reached the top 40 on both the pop and R&B charts, formally launching the group to national stardom. Frequent performances at the [[Apollo Theater]] helped to give the group the nickname "Sweethearts of the Apollo". Newtown released two albums on the group before Harold Robinson sold Newtown in 1963. [[Cameo-Parkway]] soon signed them and re-released the Newtown single, "[[You'll Never Walk Alone]]", at the end of the year.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> The record became another top-40 hit for the group in 1964 and became one of Patti LaBelle's first signature performances. They later recorded another charted hit with "[[Danny Boy]]".<ref name="LarkinSM"/> In 1965, the group opened for [[the Rolling Stones]] during a lengthy American tour. Shortly afterwards, [[Atlantic Records]] signed the act to the label, in hopes of bringing the group mainstream success. Their first Atlantic single, "All or Nothing", briefly made a dent on the pop charts in 1966. They had a notable entry as background singers of [[Wilson Pickett]]'s first major hit, "[[634-5789 (Soulsville, U.S.A.)]]". In 1966, Atlantic released the group's first studio album, ''Over the Rainbow'', which included "All or Nothing" and the title track, later to be a standard for Patti.

Around this time, the group also began touring Europe, mainly in the UK, where they performed on the show, ''[[Ready, Steady, Go]]''.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> During club performances, the group was backed up musically by a pub band called [[Bluesology]], whose pianist was a teenager named [[Elton John|Reg Dwight]], later known as Elton John. Following the UK tour, the group kept in touch with one of the show's producers, [[Vicki Wickham]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> In early 1967, the group had another charted single with the song "Take Me for a Little While" and released their second Atlantic album, ''Dreamer''. Around this time, [[Aretha Franklin]] had signed with Atlantic Records, leading Atlantic to focus its efforts on her rather than on the Blue Belles. That same year, Cindy Birdsong abruptly left the group to join [[The Supremes]], replacing original member [[Florence Ballard]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> After completing a tour where Sundray Tucker briefly rejoined the group to fill in for Birdsong, the remaining members carried on as a trio.<ref name="LarkinSM"/>

As grittier soul and heavy rock dominated much of Atlantic's time, the group was let go from their contract in 1970. Bernard Montague, who was managing groups such as [[The Delfonics]], also left them, leaving them seeking new managers. After nearly signing a contract with Herb Hamlett and [[Frankie Crocker]], they eventually picked Vicki Wickham to work with them.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Wickham later credited [[Dusty Springfield]] with convincing her to hire the group to perform on ''Ready, Steady, Go'' in London.

===Reinvention===
Wickham advised the group to move to London and change their entire image and sound,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baywindows.com/index.php?ch=arts&sc=music&sc2=news&sc3=&id=82622|archive-url=https://archive.today/20090421184343/http://www.baywindows.com/index.php?ch=arts&sc=music&sc2=news&sc3=&id=82622|url-status=dead|website=Bay Windows - New England's largest GLBT newspaper|title=Belles of the Ball|first=Dustin|last=Fitzharris|date=April 21, 2009|archive-date=April 21, 2009|via=Archive.today|access-date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> much to the chagrin of Patti LaBelle, who feared the group would alienate their older fans with a new laid back "earthier" look. Wickham also advised them to change their name to simply "Labelle".<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Ditching the wigs and dresses, Labelle settled on Afros and jeans. They debuted this new look while backing [[The Who]] during a stop in New York.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Following this, Labelle signed a contract with Track Records, The Who's label, which received distribution from [[Warner Bros. Records]]. In 1971, the group released their first album, simply titled ''[[Labelle (album)|Labelle]]'', quickly following it up with the 1972 album ''[[Moon Shadow (album)|Moon Shadow]]''. The albums featured the group bringing in gospel soul renditions of [[rock music|rock]] hits such as "[[Wild Horses (The Rolling Stones song)|Wild Horses]]" and "[[Won't Get Fooled Again]]". While not commercially successful, the albums were critically acclaimed and established the act as a progressive soul unit, recording more daring material such as "Morning Much Better" and "Touch Me All Over".

In 1971, Labelle were invited to record backing vocals to a covers album being recorded by [[Laura Nyro]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> The resulting album, ''[[Gonna Take a Miracle]]'', led to the group reaching the charts for the first time<ref name="LarkinSM"/> and establishing a rapport with Nyro, who later invited them to perform with her at [[Carnegie Hall]]. In 1973, they recorded an album for [[RCA Records]] titled ''[[Pressure Cookin']]'', featuring a wildly interpretive covers medley of the songs "[[Something in the Air]]" and "[[The Revolution Will Not Be Televised]]". It was around this time that Labelle changed up their act again. Under the advice of Larry LeGaspi, the group began performing in space suits, feathers, and studded costumes.

===Success===
In 1974, Wickham had the group signed to [[Epic Records]] where they recorded their breakthrough album, ''[[Nightbirds]]'', in New Orleans with producer [[Allen Toussaint]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> While Hendryx eventually wrote the majority of the album, Epic released the [[Kenny Nolan]] and [[Bob Crewe]] composition "[[Lady Marmalade]]" as a single in August 1974.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> The song's rock-soul mixture helped the song to sell to listeners and by March 1975, the song had become the group's first number-one single, reaching the top of both the [[Billboard Hot 100]] and the R&B singles chart.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> It also became an international hit.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> The album also included the follow-up hit "[[What Can I Do for You?]]".

''Nightbirds'' eventually sold more than one million copies and was certified gold. During the album's promotion, the group became the first rock group to perform at the [[Metropolitan Opera House (Lincoln Center)|Metropolitan Opera House]]. Wickham billed the October 6, 1974 performance "Wear Something Silver", to adapt to Labelle's own silver-colored space outfits, worn by Patti LaBelle. Building on their success, in the spring of 1975, Labelle became the first African-American vocal group to make the cover of ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. Later in 1975, the group released a critically acclaimed follow-up, ''[[Phoenix (Labelle album)|Phoenix]]''.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> That same year, the group contributed background vocals to several songs on Elton John's hit album, ''[[Rock of the Westies]]''. In 1976, they released their third album for Epic, ''[[Chameleon (Labelle album)|Chameleon]]'',<ref name="LarkinSM"/> which included the tracks "Get You Somebody New", "Isn't It a Shame" and "Who's Watching the Watcher".

===Breakup===
Despite critical acclaim for their follow-ups to the ''Nightbirds'' album, ''Phoenix'' and ''Chameleon'' failed to repeat the success of ''Nightbirds'' as the group struggled to have another hit.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> By 1976, tensions had developed within the group, with the act's three members splintered on its sound and direction.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Patti LaBelle had wanted the group to record more soul, Nona Hendryx wanted the group to go further into funk rock, and Sarah Dash wanted to record songs in a more disco direction.

During a show in [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]] on December 3, 1976, Hendryx wandered off the stage and into the audience at the beginning of "(Can I Speak To You Before You Go To) Hollywood". Labelle's stage manager was able to steer Hendryx backstage, but Hendryx locked herself in her dressing room and beat her head against the wall until it began to bleed severely. She was removed from the theater in restraints.<ref>LaBelle, Patti; Lancaster, Laura Randolph. ''Don't Block the Blessings: Revelations of a Lifetime'' (Kindle Location 2529). New York : Riverhead Books. Kindle Edition.</ref>

After the incident, LaBelle advised the group to disband, fearing for the other members' well-being and that the mounting tension could also put an end to their friendship. Hendryx and Dash agreed and the trio formally announced their split at the end of 1976 after fourteen years together.<ref name="LarkinSM">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Soul Music]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1993|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-733-9|page=155}}</ref>

===Solo careers and reunions===
Following her departure from the Blue Belles, Cindy Birdsong enjoyed success as member of [[The Supremes]], singing on hits such as "[[Up the Ladder to the Roof]]", "[[Stoned Love]]", "[[Nathan Jones (song)|Nathan Jones]]" and "[[Floy Joy (song)|Floy Joy]]". Birdsong left the group in 1972 to start a family, returned in 1973, then left again in 1976, and thereafter only recorded sporadically as a solo artist in the 80s, briefly joining The [[Former Ladies of the Supremes]] alongside former Supremes members [[Jean Terrell]] and [[Scherrie Payne]].

The Labelle song "(Can I Speak to You Before You Go To) Hollywood", from ''Pressure Cookin''', was allegedly written by Hendryx as a response to Birdsong's departure, featuring each member of the group singing verses. Sarah Dash found some solo success after signing with [[Don Kirshner]]'s label, with the disco single "Sinner Man". Dash eventually sang backup for the Rolling Stones and sang for [[Keith Richards]]' spinoff group [[X-pensive Winos]]. The more experimental Nona Hendryx has recorded in various genres including [[hard rock]], [[hip hop music|hip-hop]], [[house (music)|house]] and [[New-age music|new age]], and charting with the singles, "Keep It Confidential" and "Why Should I Cry?" Patti LaBelle became an international solo superstar following Labelle's breakup, recording crossover hits such as "[[New Attitude (song)|New Attitude]]", "[[Stir It Up (Patti LaBelle song)|Stir It Up]]" and "[[On My Own (Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald song)|On My Own]]", resulting in Grammy wins and a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].

In 1991, Patti LaBelle reunited with Nona Hendryx and Sarah Dash on the track, "Release Yourself", from LaBelle's Grammy-winning album, ''[[Burnin' (Patti LaBelle album)|Burnin]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/labelle/biography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321002017/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/labelle/biography|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 21, 2015|title=Labelle Biography|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=September 25, 2017}}</ref> The trio reunited onstage at the Apollo Theater in 1991 to perform the song on LaBelle's second concert performance video while promoting the release of ''Burnin'''. In addition to "Release Yourself", Hendryx and LaBelle composed the gospel-flavored ballad "[[When You've Been Blessed (Feels Like Heaven)]]". In 1995, the trio reunited again for the dance single, "[[Turn it Out]]", for the soundtrack to the film, ''[[To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar]].'' The song became their first charted hit in nineteen years peaking at number-one on the Billboard dance singles chart. Four years later, the original Blue Belles (including [[Cindy Birdsong]]) reunited to receive an award from the R&B Foundation for Lifetime Achievement. In 2006, the trio of LaBelle, Dash and Hendrix briefly came together to record a Hendryx-written track called "Dear Rosa" for the soundtrack to a film called ''Preaching to the Choir.''<ref name="LaBelle gets back to now with release of new disc">{{cite news| url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/520899 |language=en| newspaper=The Star | location=Toronto | title=LaBelle gets back to now with release of new disc | first=Elio | last=Iannacci | date=October 21, 2008 | access-date=March 27, 2010}}</ref> In 2008, Labelle announced their reunion and released their first studio album in 32 years, the critically acclaimed ''[[Back to Now]]''.

That year, the trio went back on tour together which carried through the spring of 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://washblade.com/2008/10-31/arts/music/13508.cfm |title=Labelle ladies reunite - New CD the 'Lady Marmalade' group's first since '76|website=Washington Blade|date= October 31, 2008 |first=Joey|last=Diguglielmo|access-date=December 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421183524/http://washblade.com/2008/10-31/arts/music/13508.cfm |archive-date=April 21, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In an interview with the ''[[Toronto Star]]'',<ref name="LaBelle gets back to now with release of new disc" /> Patti LaBelle explained why she, Dash and Hendryx waited over 32 years to record a full-length album: "You don't want to half-step something this important....it was about finding the right time and place. We were never ones to do anything on anyone else's time anyway; we were always unconventional. I still have my glitter boots to prove it."

The group performed a triumphant show at the Apollo Theatre in New York City on December 19, 2008.<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Als, Hilton|title=Three Sisters|url=http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/notebook/2008/12/22/081222gonb_GOAT_notebook_als|date=December 22, 2008|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|access-date=December 22, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Pareles, Jon|title=Lady of the Power Voice Reunited With Her Sisters|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/22/arts/music/22labe.html|date=December 21, 2008|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=December 22, 2008}}</ref> They continued to perform with each other sporadically; Dash sang with Patti LaBelle at a LaBelle concert two days before her death on September 20, 2021.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Labelle's Sarah Dash Dies at 76 |first=Gail|last=Mitchell|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/obituary/9633057/sarah-dash-dead-labelle-singer/ |magazine=Billboard |date=September 20, 2021|access-date=22 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref>