Editing Lane departure warning system (section)

==Rationale and method==

One of the main causes of [[Single-vehicle crash|single vehicle crashes]] and [[Road collision types|frontal crashes]] is lane departure. The goal of the lateral support systems (LSS) is to help to avoid such crashes.<ref name="cdn.euroncap.com"/>

Without those LSS systems, lane departure can be unintentional; the car drifts towards and across the edge of the lane. The car then reach a potentially dangerous situation.<ref name="cdn.euroncap.com"/> This system does not work when the edge of the lane is not marked by a line.

[[File:Lane Detection Algorithm.jpg|thumb|right|Lane-detection algorithm]]
[[File:Lane Detection Example.jpg|thumb|right|An example implementation of the lane-detection algorithm showing Canny edge detection and Hough transform outputs]]
A lane detection system used behind the lane departure warning system uses the principle of [[Hough transform]] and [[Canny edge detector]] to detect lane lines from realtime camera images fed from the front-end camera of the automobile. A basic flowchart of how a lane detection algorithm works to help lane departure warning is shown in the figures.

[[File:Lane Assist.jpg|thumbnail|Lane assist camera of VW Golf]]
[[File:Lane Guidance Camera PCB.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mobileye]]'s PCB and camera sensor from a Hyundai Lane Guidance camera module]]
Lane warning/keeping systems are based on:
*Video sensors in the visual domain (mounted behind the windshield, typically integrated beside the rear mirror)
*Laser sensors (mounted on the front of the vehicle)
*Infrared sensors (mounted either behind the windshield or under the vehicle)<ref name="Avoiding accidents">{{cite web|url=http://www.developpement-durable.psa.fr/en/realisation.php?niv1=5&niv2=52&niv3=2&id=2708|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051017024140/http://www.developpement-durable.psa.fr/en/realisation.php?niv1=5&niv2=52&niv3=2&id=2708|url-status=dead|archive-date=2005-10-17|title=Avoiding accidents|publisher=PSA Peugeot Citroën}}</ref>
{{-}}

In Europe, the lane departure warning system should be compatible with a visible lane marking identification standard such as commission regulation EU-351/2012.