Editing Larache (section)

==History==
[[File:Eigentliche Abbildung der Starken Vestung Larache ein furnhemer Meerhaven in Barbarien, welche, in Nahmen Königlicher Majest - von Hispanien durch den Marckgraven von S.Germein ist eingenomen worden A°... - btv1b8440776q (2 of 2).jpg|thumb|left|1610 map showing the [[Cession of Larache]], depicting the town as the largest in the region]]
[[File:Ville de Larache en 1670.jpg|thumb|left|A view of the port of Larache around 1670.]]
The city is not mentioned in Arabic historical sources until the 13th century. It was founded by the [[Idrisid dynasty|Idrisite]] Banu 'Arus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dargahinfo - Complete Collection of Dargahs World Wide |url=http://dargahinfo.com/Dargah_History.aspx?HID=314 |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=dargahinfo.com}}</ref> Because of the abundant [[Vine|vines]] in the area, they named it ''al-'Ara'ish'', meaning "[[Trellis (architecture)|trellis]] of grape vines", or ''al-'Arīsh mtā' Bnī 'Arūs'' ("grape vine trellis of the Banu 'Arus") in longer form. The Almohad caliph [[Ya’qub al-Mansur|Ya'qub al-Mansur]] (r. 1184–1199) built a fortress here in the late 12th century. In 1270, the Spanish led a successful raid on the city.<ref name=":0">{{Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition|volume=1|pages=604–605|last1=Yver|first1=G.|last2=Ricard|first2=R.|article=al-ʿArāʾis̲h̲}}</ref>

In 1471, the Portuguese settlers from [[Asilah]] and [[Tangier]] drove the inhabitants out of Larache, and again it remained uninhabited until the [[Saadi dynasty|Saadi Sultan]] [[Mohammed ash-Sheikh]] decided to repopulate it and build a stronghold on the plateau above river Loukos. He constructed a fortress at the entrance to the port as a means of controlling access to the river.

For a long time, attempts by the Portuguese, Spanish and French to take it met with no success. The Portuguese established the nearby [[Graciosa fortress]] in 1489. The Kasbah, which was built in 1491 by Moulay en Nasser, later became a pirate stronghold. 

In 1610, [[Cession of Larache|the town passed to the Spanish]], who stayed there until 1689, but who mainly used the ports as trading stops and never really administered the town. [[Moulay Ismail]] finally [[Siege of Larache (1689)|conquered Larache in 1689]].

Attacks on Larache continued, but it still remained in Muslim hands. In 1765, a French fleet failed in the [[Larache expedition]]. In 1829, the Austrians punitively bombarded the city due to Moroccan piracy.<ref name=EB>{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|title='Abd ar-Rasham|edition=15th|year=2010|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|volume=I: A-Ak - Bayes|location=Chicago, Illinois|isbn=978-1-59339-837-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/17 17]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/17}}</ref> Due to the [[Spanish Protectorate of Morocco|colonisation era]], [[Larache landing|Spain took Larache in 1911]] and held it for 45 years until 1956.

On 7 March 2023, Moroccan archaeologists discovered an ancient tomb dating back over 2,000 years to the [[Mauretania|Mauretanian period]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kasraoui |first=Safaa |title=Morocco Announces Discovery of 2,000-Old Mauritanian Tomb |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/03/354333/morocco-announces-discovery-of-2-000-old-mauritanian-tomb |access-date=2023-03-07 |website=moroccoworldnews |date=7 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>