Editing Legio XIX (section)

== History ==
It was founded in 41 or 40 BC by [[Augustus]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bunson|first=Matthew|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T5tic2VunRoC&dq=Legio+XIX&pg=PA313|title=Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire|date=2014-05-14|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-1027-1|language=en}}</ref> Their first assignment was in [[Sicily]] where [[Sextus Pompey]], son of [[Pompey]], was leading a revolt. This revolt put [[Grain supply to the city of Rome|Rome's grain supply]] in peril and it needed a harsh response.

In 30 BC, veterans of the XIX legion were settled near [[Pisa]],<ref name=":0" /> and after that, the rest of the legion was allocated in the [[Rhine]] frontier with base camp at [[Cologne]]. The XIX legion participated in the German campaigns of [[Nero Claudius Drusus|Drusus]] (13–9 BC) and [[Tiberius]] (8–5 BC). By the year 5 BC Germania was a [[Roman province]] and [[Publius Quinctilius Varus]] was assigned as governor.

The legion could have been stationed in Dangstetten. It is possible the reason the legion was stationed here was to police the nearby [[Roman roads|Roman Road]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Murdoch|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e_kSDQAAQBAJ&q=XIX|title=Rome's Greatest Defeat: Massacre in the Teutoburg Forest|date=2008-07-14|publisher=The History Press|isbn=978-0-7524-9455-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=D’Amato|first=Raffaele|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sjMVDAAAQBAJ&dq=Legio+XX+Siciliana&pg=PA13|title=Roman Army Units in the Western Provinces (1): 31 BC–AD 195|date=2016-06-16|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4728-1538-5|language=en}}</ref>

In September 9 AD, [[Arminius]], leader of the [[Cherusci]] and a Roman ally, set a trap. He had reported a major revolt of one of the western tribes and suggested the return of both governor and his legions to the Rhine. Varus accepted the suggestion and went with the [[Legio XVII|XVII]], [[Legio XVIII|XVIII]] and XIX legions. The army was trapped near [[Osnabrück]] and was completely destroyed in the [[Battle of the Teutoburg Forest]]. Between 16 and 18, [[Germanicus]], the leader of the Rhine armies, looked for the remains of the legions. The Legion XIX Eagle was captured by the [[Bructeri]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Powell|first=Lindsay|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_62dCwAAQBAJ&dq=Legio+XIX&pg=PA80|title=Roman Soldier vs Germanic Warrior: 1st Century AD|date=2014-05-20|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4728-0350-4|language=en}}</ref> In 15 AD troops under the command of Lucius Stertinius rescued the eagle:<ref>''The Works of Tacitus'', Volume 1, ''The Annals'', London: Bohn, 1854, [https://books.google.com/books?id=fqSWGm67D44C&dq=Lucius+Stertinius+was+dispatched+by+germanicus&pg=PA42 Book 2, chapter 25, p. 69].</ref> After its destruction, the Romans never used this legion number again.