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Letter case
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==Terminology== {{multiple image | direction = vertical | width = 250 | image1 = Upper case and lower case types.jpg | caption1 = Divided upper and lower type cases with cast metal [[Sort (typesetting)|sort]]s | image2 = UPPER CASE - lower case.jpg | caption2 = Layout for type cases }} The terms ''upper case'' and ''lower case'' may be written as two consecutive words, connected with a hyphen (''upper-case'' and ''lower-case''{{Snd}}particularly if they [[Compound modifier|pre-modify]] another noun),<ref name="Bloomberg" /> or as a single word (''uppercase'' and ''lowercase''). These terms originated from the common layouts of the shallow [[Drawer (furniture)|drawers]] called ''[[type case]]s'' used to hold the [[movable type]] for [[letterpress printing]]. Traditionally, the capital letters were stored in a separate shallow tray or "case" that was located above the case that held the small letters.<ref name="Typographia, an Historical Sketch of the Origin and Progress of the Art of Printing">{{cite book|last1=Hansard|first1=Thomas Curson|title=Typographia, an Historical Sketch of the Origin and Progress of the Art of Printing|date=1825|pages=[https://archive.org/details/typographiaanhi01hansgoog/page/n470 408], 4806|url=https://archive.org/details/typographiaanhi01hansgoog|access-date=12 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Medieval Calligraphy: Its History and Technique|author=Marc Drogin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oHNtDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA37|page=37|publisher=Courier Corporation|year=1980|isbn=9780486261423}}</ref><ref>{{cite video|title=Ever wonder where upper case and lower case comes from?|author=Sacramento History Museum|url=https://www.facebook.com/reel/1055625212296596}}</ref> ===Majuscule=== '''Majuscule''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|æ|dʒ|ə|s|k|juː|l}}, less commonly {{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|dʒ|ʌ|s|k|juː|l}}), for [[Paleography|palaeographers]], is technically any script whose letters have very few or very short [[Ascender (typography)|ascenders]] and descenders, or none at all (for example, the majuscule scripts used in the [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209]], or the [[Book of Kells]]). By virtue of their visual impact, this made the term majuscule an apt descriptor for what much later came to be more commonly referred to as uppercase letters. ===Minuscule=== {{redirect|Minuscule}} '''Minuscule''' refers to lower-case letters. The word is often spelled ''miniscule'', by association with the unrelated word ''miniature'' and the prefix ''mini-''. That has traditionally been regarded as a spelling mistake (since ''minuscule'' is derived from the word ''minus''<ref name="Lewis 1890" />), but is now so common that some [[dictionaries]] tend to accept it as a non-standard or variant spelling.<ref name="AHD 2000" /> ''Miniscule'' is still less likely, however, to be used in reference to lower-case letters.
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