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List of Soviet computer systems
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==List of hardware== The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means "electronic computing machine" ({{langx|ru|link=no|электронная вычислительная машина}}). ===Ministry of Radio Technology=== [[File:Agat-9 Black.jpg|thumb|[[Agat (computer)|Agat]]-9]] Computer systems from the [[Ministry of Radio Technology (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Radio Technology]]:<ref name="judyclough">{{cite journal|last1=Judy|first1=Richard W.|last2=Clough|first2=Robert W.|title=Soviet Computers in the 1980s: A Review of the Hardware|journal=Advances in Computers|date=1989|volume=29|pages=251–330|doi=10.1016/S0065-2458(08)60535-5|isbn=9780120121298}}</ref> * [[Agat (computer)|Agat]] (Агат) — [[Apple II]] clone * [[ES EVM]] (ЕС ЭВМ), [[IBM mainframe]] clone * [[ES PEVM]] (ЕС ПЭВМ), [[IBM PC compatible]] * [[M series (computer)|M series]] — series of mainframes and mini-computers * [[Minsk family of computers|Minsk]] (Минск) * [[Poisk (computer)|Poisk]] ([[:ru:Поиск (компьютер)|Поиск]]) — [[IBM Personal Computer XT|IBM PC-XT]] clone * [[Setun]] (Сетунь) — unique [[balanced ternary]] computer. * [[Strela computer|Strela]] (Стрела) * [[Ural (computer)|Ural]] (Урал) — mainframe series * [[Vector-06C]] (Вектор-06Ц) ===Ministry of Instrument Making=== [[File:ИСКРА 1030.11.jpg|thumb|[[Iskra-1030]]]] Computer systems from the [[Ministry of Instrument Making (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Instrument Making]]:<ref name="judyclough"/> * [[Aragats (computer)|Aragats]] ([[:ru:Арагац (компьютер)|Арагац]]) * [[Iskra (disambiguation)#Soviet Union|Iskra]] (Искра) — common name for many computers with different architecture ** [[Iskra-1030]] — [[Intel 8086]] XT clone * [[KVM-1]] (КВМ-1) * [[SM EVM]] (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were [[PDP-11]] clones, while some others were [[HP 2100]], [[VAX]] or [[Intel]] compatible ===Ministry of the Electronics Industry=== Computer systems from the [[Ministry of the Electronics Industry (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Electronics Industry]]:<ref name="judyclough"/> * [[Elektronika]] (Электроника) family ** [[DVK]] family (ДВК) — [[PDP-11]] clones ** [[Elektronika BK-0010]] (БК-0010, БК-0011) — [[PDP-11#LSI-11|LSI-11]] clone home computer ** [[UKNC]] (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like ** [[Elektronika 60]], [[Elektronika 100]] ** [[Elektronika 85]] — Clone of [[DEC Professional (computer)]] 350 (F11) ** [[Elektronika 85.1]] — Clone of [[DEC Professional (computer)]] 380 (J11) ** [[:ru:Электроника Д3-28|Elektronika D3-28]] ** [[Elektronika SS BIS]] (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone ===Soviet Academy of Sciences=== [[File:Bestix.jpg|thumb|[[Besta (computer)|Besta]] running Bestix]] * [[BESM]] (БЭСМ) — series of [[Mainframe computer|mainframe]]s * [[Besta (computer)|Besta]] (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola [[Motorola 68020|68020]]-based, [[Sun-3]] clone * [[Elbrus (computer)|Elbrus]] (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series * [[Kronos (computer)|Kronos]] (Кронос) * [[MESM]] (МЭСМ) — first Soviet Union computer (1950) * [[M-1 (computer)|M-1]] — one of the earliest [[stored-program computer|stored program]] computers (1950–1951) ===ZX Spectrum clones=== [[File:ХОББИТ БК-0-31.JPG|thumb|[[Hobbit (computer)|Hobbit]]]] * [[ATM (computer)|ATM Turbo]] * Byte * Blic * [[Dubna 48K]] – running at half the speed of the original * [[Hobbit (computer)|Hobbit]] * [[Pentagon (computer)|Pentagon]] * Radon 'Z' * [[Scorpion ZS-256|Scorpion]] ===Other=== * 5E** (5Э**) series – military computers ** 5E51 (5Э51) ** 5E53 (5Э53) ** 5E76 (5Э76) – IBM/360 clone, military version ** 5E92 (5Э92) ** 5E92b (5Э92б) * [[A series (computer)|A series]] — [[ES EVM]]-compatible military computers * [[Argon (computer)|Argon]] — a series of military real-time computers * [[AS-6 (computer)|AS-6]] (АС-6) – multiprocessor computing complex, name is Russian abbreviation for "Connection Equipment – 6" * [[Dnepr (computer)|Dnepr]] ([[:ru:Днепр (электронно-вычислительная машина)|Днепр]]) * [[HRS-100|GVS-100]] (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) – Hybrid Computer System * Irisha ([[:ru:Ириша (компьютер)|Ириша]]) * [[Juku E5101|Juku]] (Юку) — [[Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic|Estonia]]n school computer * [[Kiev (computer)|Kiev]] ([[:ru:Киев (компьютер)|Киев]]) * [[Korvet (computer)|Korvet]] ([[:ru:Корвет (компьютер)|Корвет]]) * [[Krista (computer)|Krista]] ([[:ru:Криста (компьютер)|Криста]]) * [[Micro-80]] (Микро-80) — experimental PC, based on 8080-compatible processor * [[Microsha]] ([[:ru:Микроша|Микроша]]) — modification of Radio-86RK * [[MIR (computer)|MIR]], МИР ([[:uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1"]], [[:uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2"]]) * [[Nairi (computer)|Nairi]] (Наири) * [[Orion-128]] (Орион-128) * [[Promin (computer)|Promin]] ([[:ru:Промінь (компьютер)|Проминь]]) * [[PS-2000]], PS-3000 – multiprocessor supercomputers in the 1980s * [[Razdan (computer)|Razdan]] ([[:ru:Раздан (компьютер)|Раздан]]) * [[Radon (computer)|Radon]] — real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense * [[Radio-86RK]] — simplified and modified version of Micro-80 * [[Sneg]]<ref name=vesna>{{cite web|url=http://www.computer-museum.ru/histussr/vesna.htm|title=Электронные вычислительные машины "Весна" и "Снег".|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901041711/http://www.computer-museum.ru/histussr/vesna.htm|archivedate=2006-09-01}}</ref> (Снег) * [[Specialist (computer)|Specialist]] (Специалист) * [[SVS (computer)|SVS]] * [[TsUM-1]] (ЦУМ-1) * [[TIA-MC-1]] An arcade system * UM (УМ) * [[UT-88]] * [[Vesna (computer)|Vesna]] and [[Sneg (computer)|Sneg]]<ref name=vesna/> — early mainframes
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