Editing Lloyds Bank (section)

==History==

===Origins===
[[File:Portrait of Sampson Lloyd II (1699 - 1779).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Sampson Lloyd]] (1699–1779), Birmingham iron merchant and founder of Lloyds Bank in 1765]]
The origins of Lloyds Bank date from 1765, when button maker [[John Taylor (manufacturer)|John Taylor]] and [[Quaker]] iron producer and dealer [[Sampson Lloyd]] set up a private banking business in Dale End, [[Birmingham]]. The first branch office opened in [[Oldbury, West Midlands|Oldbury]], some six miles (10&nbsp;km) west of Birmingham, in 1864.<ref name="Jones">In 2016 the Oldbury building, no longer occupied by Lloyds, was described as "at risk" by [[Save Britain's Heritage]]. {{cite news |url=http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/business/commercial-property/nine-treasured-west-midlands-buildings-11537219 |title=Nine treasured West Midlands buildings at risk of being lost forever |last=Jones |first=Tamlyn |date=29 June 2016 |work=[[Birmingham Post]] |access-date=10 July 2016}}</ref>

The association with the Taylor family ended in 1852 and, in 1865, Lloyds & Co. converted into a joint-stock company known as Lloyds Banking Company Ltd. The first report of the company in 1865 stated:<blockquote>LLOYDS BANKING COMPANY LIMITED – Authorized Capital £2,000,000. FOUNDED ON The Private Banks of Messrs. Lloyds & Co. and Messrs. Moilliet and Sons, with-which have subsequently been amalgamated with the Banks of Messrs. P. H. Williams, Wednesbury, and Messrs.Stevenson, Salt, & Co., Stafford and Lichfield. [They had an office at 20 Lombard St., London] Your Directors have the satisfaction to report that they have concluded an agreement with the well-known and old-established firm of Messrs. Stevenson, Salt & Company for the amalgamation with this Company of their Banking Business at Stafford, Lichfield, Rugeley, and Eccleshall, and that this agreement has had the unanimous approval of the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 31st January last. It will be again submitted to you for final confirmation after the close of the Ordinary General Meeting. TIMOTHY KENRICK, Chairman. BIRMINGHAM, 9th February 1866</blockquote>Two sons of the original partners followed in their footsteps by joining the established merchant bank Barnett, Hoares & Co. which later became Barnetts, Hoares, Hanbury, and Lloyd— based in Lombard Street, London. Eventually, this became absorbed into the original Lloyds Banking Company, which became Lloyds, Barnetts, and Bosanquets Bank Ltd. in 1884.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb386-a/13|title=Bosanquet, Salt & Company Records|work=archiveshub.ac.uk|access-date=3 February 2016}}</ref> and, finally, Lloyds Bank Limited in 1889.

=== Symbols ===
The symbol adopted by Taylors and Lloyds was the beehive, representing industry and hard work (thrift). In 1822, Taylors and Lloyds sent a letter to other banks to inform them of stolen banknotes, adding that it would engrave a symbol of a beehive to all future notes. [[W Dowler & Sons|Dowler & Sons]] made brass buttons embellished with beehives for branch messenger uniforms in the 1900s. Uniform buttons featuring a black horse with small beehives engraved around it were manufactured in the 1930s.<ref name=":0">Wall text from ''A Tale of Two Banks'', Museum on the Mound, Edinburgh.</ref>

The black horse regardant device dates from 1677, when Humphrey Stokes adopted it as a sign for his shop. The reason why Stokes chose this horse is unknown, though it may have been a family crest because the black horse is heraldically posed in '[[Rampant|rampant regardant]]'.<ref name=":0" /> Stokes was a goldsmith and "keeper of the running cashes" (an early term for banker) and the business became part of Barnett, Hoares & Co. When Lloyds took over that bank in 1884, it continued to trade "at the sign of the black horse".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lloydsbankinggroup.com/about_us/company_heritage/Timeline/1851_1900.asp |title=Timeline 1851 – 1900 |year=2013 |publisher=Lloyds Banking Group |access-date=22 September 2013}}</ref> 

The green of the Lloyds Bank was adopted in the 1920s for added distinctiveness.<ref name=":0" />

From 1884 to the 1920s, the black horse and the beehive were both used in cheques, until the beehive was dropped. During this period, other symbols were used; for example, the [[liver bird]], which was retained from the Liverpool Union Bank when it was taken over in 1900.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liverpool Union Bank records – Archives Hub |url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb386-a/35 |access-date=2023-02-04 |website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk}}</ref>

Since 1975, real black horses have been featured in Lloyds' television adverts, including [[Cancara]].<ref name=":0" />
===Expansion===
Through a series of mergers, including [[Cunliffe, Brooks]] in 1900, the Wilts. and Dorset Bank in 1914 and, by far the largest, the [[Capital and Counties Bank]] in 1918, Lloyds emerged to become one of the "Big Four" clearing banks in the United Kingdom. By 1923, Lloyds Bank had made some 50 takeovers, one of which was the last private firm to issue its own banknotes—[[Fox, Fowler and Company]] of Wellington, Somerset. Today, the [[Bank of England]] has a monopoly of banknote issue in England and Wales.<ref>[http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/banknotes/about/history.htm A brief history of banknotes] Bank of England (retrieved 11 October 2008)</ref> In 2011, the company founded SGH Martineau LLP.

Eleven banks bought by Lloyds Bank between 1865 and 1923 had been involved in [[slavery]] to some degree.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lloydsbankinggroup.com/who-we-are/our-heritage/lloyds-bank.html |title=The history of Lloyds Bank |website=Lloyds Banking Group |access-date=9 July 2021}}</ref> One of these, the London and Brazilian Bank, financed coffee plantations in [[Empire of Brazil|Brazil]] which operated on [[Slavery in Brazil|slave labour]], and mortgages on these plantations were sometimes secured using the monetary value of the enslaved people as collateral.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mulhern |first=Joe |date=1 July 2020 |title=Human collateral: British banking's long-neglected connection with slavery in Brazil |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/latamcaribbean/2020/07/01/human-collateral-british-bankings-long-neglected-connection-with-slavery-in-brazil/ |work=London School of Economics |location=London |access-date=9 July 2021}}</ref>

In 1968, an attempt to merge with [[Barclays]] and [[Martins Bank]] failed because the [[Monopolies and Mergers Commission]] deemed it to be against the public interest. Barclays finally acquired Martins the following year.<ref>Roskill QC, Sir Ashton (chairman) ''Barclays Bank, Lloyds Bank and Martins Bank: a report on the proposed merger'' ({{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120119180200/http://www.competition-commission.org.uk/rep_pub/reports/1960_1969/fulltext/046c01.pdf Chapter 1]}}, {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120119202824/http://www.competition-commission.org.uk/rep_pub/reports/1960_1969/fulltext/046c02.pdf Chapter 2]}} and {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118144206/http://www.competition-commission.org.uk/rep_pub/reports/1960_1969/fulltext/046appendices.pdf Appendices]}}) Presented to Parliament in pursuance of section 9 of the Monopolies and Restrictive Practices (Inquiry and Control) Act 1948 (as applied by section 6(5) of the Monopolies and Mergers Act 1965) London: HMSO, 15 July 1968</ref> In 1972, Lloyds Bank was a founding member of the Joint Credit Card Company (with [[National Westminster Bank]], [[Midland Bank]] and the [[National Commercial Bank of Scotland|National and Commercial Banking Group]]) which launched the [[Access (credit card)|Access]] [[credit card]] (now [[MasterCard]]). That same year it introduced ''Cashpoint'', the first online cash machine to use plastic cards with a magnetic stripe.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.apacs.org.uk/payment_options/documents/Plastic%20Cards%20_%20History%20of%20Plastic%20Cards%20in%20the%20UK%20v1.pdf
|title=History of Plastic Cards
|publisher=The Association for Payment Clearing Services
|access-date=26 April 2014
|archive-date=28 January 2006
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060128110430/http://www.apacs.org.uk/payment_options/documents/Plastic%20Cards%20_%20History%20of%20Plastic%20Cards%20in%20the%20UK%20v1.pdf }}</ref> In popular use, the ''Cashpoint'' [[trademark]] has become a generic term for an [[Automated teller machine|ATM]] in the United Kingdom.

In 1982 Lloyds decided to follow [[Provident Financial|Provident Financial Group plc]]<ref name="Cases">{{cite book |editor1-last=Ennew |editor1-first=Christine |title=Cases in Marketing Financial Services |date=1993 |publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann on behalf of the Chartered Institute of Marketing |location=Oxford |isbn=0750606614 |pages=196–200}}</ref> in entering the estate agency market with the acquisition of the Norfolk firm of Charles Hawkins and Son in May of that year to form Black Horse Agencies.<ref name="Transactions1">{{cite journal |last1=Thrift, N, Leyshon, A, Rutherford, T, Williams, P & Beaverstock, J |title=Moving houses: the geographical reorganisation of the estate agency industry in England and Wales in the 1980s |journal=Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers |date=1992 |volume=17 |page=171 |publisher=The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers)}}</ref> The firm had been first established in 1869 in Downham Market by Charles Hawkins who was land agent for the Pratt estate at Ryston. The firm merged in 1875 with that of Cruso and Son forming Cruso and Hawkins, later becoming Charles Hawkins and Son in 1908.<ref name="NRO1">{{cite web |last1=Norfolk Record Office |title=BR 263 – Charles Hawkins and Sons of King's Lynn and Downham Market, Chartered Surveyors, Auctioneers, Valuers and Land Agents |url=http://nrocat.norfolk.gov.uk |website=NROCAT |access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref>

Under the leadership of Sir Brian Pitman between 1984 and 1997, the bank became an early adopter of [[shareholder value]] creation as a governing corporate objective.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=Kilroy|first1=Denis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GjUyDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4|title=Customer Value, Shareholder Wealth, Community Wellbeing: A Roadmap for Companies and Investors|last2=Schneider|first2=Marvin|publisher=Springer|year=2017|isbn=9783319547749|pages=4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Pitman|first=Brian|date=1 April 2003|title=Leading for Value|work=Harvard Business Review|issue=April 2003|url=https://hbr.org/2003/04/leading-for-value|access-date=23 August 2020|issn=0017-8012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Arnold|first1=Glen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LKpWAAAAYAAJ&q=marakon+mctaggart|title=Value-based Management: Context and Application|last2=Davies|first2=Matt|publisher=Wiley|year=2000|isbn=9780471899860|pages=184–194|language=en|quote=There was a further development in 1992 when the company hired the services of the strategy consultants Marakon Associates (McTaggart et al., 1994) and started a more serious and disciplined approach to VBM. It was at this time that the concept of economic profit was introduced to Lloyds managers.}}</ref> The bank's business focus was narrowed and it reacted to disastrous lending to South American states by trimming its overseas businesses and seeking growth through mergers with other UK banks. During this period, Pitman tried unsuccessfully to acquire [[The Royal Bank of Scotland]] in 1984, [[Standard Chartered]] in 1986,<ref>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE1DF113DF93BA15755C0A960948260 Offer Sweetened By Lloyds Bank] ''The New York Times'', 28 June 1986</ref> and Midland Bank in 1992. Lloyds Bank International merged into Lloyds Bank in 1986, since there was no longer an advantage in operating separately.<ref name="Lloyds Bank p. 9">Lloyds Bank (Merger) Act 1985 (c. ix)</ref> In 1988, Lloyds merged five of its businesses with the [[Abbey Life|Abbey Life Insurance Company]] to create Lloyds Abbey Life.

===Lloyds TSB===
[[File:Lloyds tsb logo.svg|thumb|The Lloyds TSB logotype, used 1995–2009 (group) and 1999–2013 (bank)]]
The bank merged first with the newly demutualised [[Cheltenham & Gloucester]] Building Society (C&G), then with the [[Trustee Savings Bank|TSB Group]] in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/7430780/Sir-Brian-Pitman.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/7430780/Sir-Brian-Pitman.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Obituary: Sir Brian Pitman |work=The Telegraph |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=29 March 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Roger Cowe |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/mar/11/sir-brian-pitman-obituary |title=Obituary: Sir Brian Pitman |work=The Guardian |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=29 March 2012}}</ref> The C&G acquisition gave Lloyds a large stake in the UK [[mortgage]] lending market.<ref>[http://www.cheltglos.co.uk/about-candg.html About C&G] Cheltenham and Gloucester (retrieved 11 October 2008)</ref> The TSB merger was structured as a reverse takeover; Lloyds Bank Plc was delisted from the [[London Stock Exchange]] and TSB Group plc was renamed Lloyds TSB Group plc on 28 December, with former Lloyds Bank shareholders owning a 70% equity interest in the share capital, effected through a scheme of arrangement. The new bank commenced trading in 1999 after the statutory process of integration was completed.<ref>[https://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/localact1998/ukla_19980005_en_1 Lloyds TSB Act 1998] (c. v)</ref> On 28 June, TSB Bank plc transferred engagements to Lloyds Bank Plc which then changed its name to Lloyds TSB Bank plc; at the same time, TSB Bank Scotland plc absorbed Lloyds' three Scottish branches becoming Lloyds TSB Scotland plc. The combined business formed the largest bank in the UK by market share and the second-largest to Midland Bank (now [[HSBC Bank (Europe)|HSBC]]) by market capitalisation. Lloyds' iconic black horse device was retained and modified to reflect the TSB merger.<ref>[http://www.lloydsbankinggroup.com/Our-Group/our-heritage/the-black-horse/ The Black Horse] Lloyds Banking Group (retrieved 13 June 2016)</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/379989.stm Banks turn to branding] BBC News, 28 June 1999</ref>

Lloyds Abbey Life became a wholly owned subsidiary of the group in 1996, absorbing [[Hill Samuel]] in 1997, before closing to a new business in 2000. In 2007, Abbey Life was sold to [[Deutsche Bank]] for £977 million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lloyds sells Abbey Life for £977m |last=Blackden |first=Richard |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2813187/Lloyds-sells-Abbey-Life-for-977m.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2813187/Lloyds-sells-Abbey-Life-for-977m.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=31 July 2007 |access-date=22 September 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In 1999, the group agreed to buy the [[Scottish Widows]] Fund and Life Assurance Society for £7 billion.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lloyds TSB buys Scottish Widows |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/375807.stm |work=BBC News |date=23 June 1999 |access-date=22 September 2013}}</ref> The society demutualised in 2000, shortly before the acquisition was completed.<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Standard Life demutualisation |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3586021.stm |work=BBC News |date=31 March 2004 |access-date=22 September 2013}}</ref> In 2001, Lloyds TSB made a bid to acquire [[Abbey National]]; however, the bid was blocked by the [[Competition Commission]], who ruled that a merger would be against the public interest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lloyds TSB/Abbey tie-up blocked |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1431569.stm |work=BBC News |date=10 July 2001 |access-date=22 September 2013}}</ref>

In October 2011, Lloyds TSB's credit rating was reduced by [[Moody's]] from Aa3 to A1.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moodys.com/research/Moodys-downgrades-12-UK-financial-institutions-concluding-review-of-systemic--PR_227067 |title=Moody's downgrades 12 UK financial institutions |publisher=Moodys.com |date=7 October 2011 |access-date=29 March 2012}}</ref>  The action was taken in the light of a shift in government policy to move risk from taxpayers to creditors by reducing the level of support offered to financial institutions.

Lloyds TSB was the first Official Partner for the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] in London.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lloyds TSB becomes Olympic sponsor |last1=Seawright |first1=Stephen |last2=Muspratt |first2=Caroline |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2805703/Lloyds-TSB-becomes-Olympic-sponsor.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2805703/Lloyds-TSB-becomes-Olympic-sponsor.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=14 March 2007 |access-date=22 September 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

===Divestment and return to Lloyds Bank===
[[File:Lloyds TSB, Market Place, Wetherby (12th October 2013).JPG|thumb|A rebranded Lloyds Bank branch in [[Wetherby]], [[West Yorkshire]] (October 2013)]]
After the 2008 rescue of HBOS,<ref>[http://www.oft.gov.uk/shared_oft/press_release_attachments/LLloydstsb.pdf Anticipated acquisition by Lloyds TSB Group Plc of HBOS Plc] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927061335/http://www.oft.gov.uk/shared_oft/press_release_attachments/LLloydstsb.pdf |date=27 September 2013 }} Office of Fair Trading, 24 October 2008</ref> Lloyds TSB Group was renamed Lloyds Banking Group.<ref>[http://www.mediacentre.lloydstsb.com/media/pdf_irmc/mc/press_releases/2009/January/1409pressrelease.pdf?WT.ac=MHPLNCON Change of Company Name] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809225434/http://www.mediacentre.lloydstsb.com/media/pdf_irmc/mc/press_releases/2009/January/1409pressrelease.pdf?WT.ac=MHPLNCON |date=9 August 2011 }} RNS Announcements, Lloyds TSB Group, 16 January 2009</ref> In 2009, following the [[2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package|liquidity crisis]], [[HM Government]] took a 43.4% stake in Lloyds Banking Group. The [[European Commission]] ruled that the group must sell a portion of its business by November 2013, as it categorised the stake purchase as [[state aid]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Co-op Bank pulls out of Lloyds Verde deal |last=Sharp |first=Tim |url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/business/company-news/co-op-bank-pulls-out-of-lloyds-verde-deal.20904662 |newspaper=The Herald|location=Glasgow |date=25 April 2013 |access-date=22 September 2013}}</ref>

On 24 April 2013, it was confirmed that a number of Lloyds TSB branches in England and Wales would be combined with the branches of Cheltenham & Gloucester and the business of Lloyds TSB Scotland to form a new bank operating under the [[TSB Bank (United Kingdom)|TSB]] brand and divested by the group.<ref>{{cite news |title=Millions of Lloyds customers told banking details to change |last=Simon |first=Emma |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/consumertips/banking/9703432/Millions-of-Lloyds-customers-told-banking-details-to-change.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127115223/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/consumertips/banking/9703432/Millions-of-Lloyds-customers-told-banking-details-to-change.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 November 2012 |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=26 November 2012 |access-date=22 September 2013}}</ref> The selected Lloyds TSB branches and those of Cheltenham & Gloucester were transferred to Lloyds TSB Scotland plc, which was renamed TSB Bank plc. The new bank began operating on 9 September 2013 as a separate division within Lloyds Banking Group.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-24013970 |title=Lloyds faces internet issues on TSB launch day |work=BBC News |date=9 September 2013 |access-date=14 September 2013}}</ref> TSB was floated on the London Stock Exchange on 20 June 2014,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Spence|first1=Peter|title=Why TSB's share price has jumped by 13pc on its first day|url=http://www.cityam.com/1403252152/tsb-share-price-pops-first-day-lloyds|website=City A.M.|access-date=9 October 2015|date=20 June 2014}}</ref> and was acquired by [[Banco Sabadell]] one year later and subsequently delisted.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Williams-Grut|first1=Oscar|title=TSB is now officially Spanish|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/banco-de-sabadell-completes-17-billion-tsb-takeover-2015-6|website=Business Insider UK|access-date=9 October 2015|date=30 June 2015}}</ref> The remaining business of Lloyds TSB returned to the Lloyds Bank name on 23 September 2013.<ref name=Parsons>{{cite web|last=Parsons |first=Russell |url=http://www.marketingweek.co.uk/news/lloyds-bank-to-return-to-high-street-on-23-september/4007815.article |title=Lloyds Bank to return to high street on 23 September |work=Marketing Week |date=4 September 2013 |access-date=10 September 2013}}</ref>
[[File:LloydsBankLogo.svg|thumb|Logo used until 2024]]
In October 2014, the bank announced that it planned to cut 9,000 jobs and close some branches in light of an increase in the number of customers using online banking services.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-22/lloyds-said-to-cut-9-000-jobs-amid-online-banking-shift.html |title=Lloyds Said to Cut 9,000 Jobs Amid Online Banking Shift |author=Stephen Morris |newspaper=Bloomberg |date=23 October 2014}}</ref>

In July 2016, the bank announced it would cut 3,000 jobs because of the economic downturn as a result of [[United Kingdom European Union membership referendum]].<ref name="lloydsbrexitimpact">{{cite news|last1=Goodway|first1=Nick|last2=Prynn|first2=Jonathan|title=Lloyds Bank slashes 3,000 jobs as boss issues Brexit impact warning|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/business-news/lloyds-bank-slashes-3000-jobs-as-boss-issues-brexit-impact-warning-a3306351.html|access-date=28 July 2016|work=London Evening Standard|date=28 July 2016}}</ref> On 17 March 2017, the [[British Government]] confirmed its remaining shares in Lloyds Banking Group had been sold.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news|title=Share sale returns Lloyds to private sector|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-39932871|access-date=17 May 2017|work=BBC News|date=17 May 2017}}</ref>

In January 2017, the bank suffered interruptions to its online services originally blamed on "unspecified technical glitches". A [[cybercrime|hacker]] reportedly claimed responsibility for the [[Denial-of-service attack|attack]], demanding around £75,000 from the bank in a "consultation fee".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Leyden|first1=John|title=Lloyds Bank outage: DDoS is prime suspect|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/01/23/lloyds_outage/|access-date=24 January 2017|work=The Register}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Ashok|first1=India|title=Lloyds hit with massive DDoS attack by suspected hackers|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/lloyds-hit-massive-ddos-attack-by-suspected-foreign-hackers-1602465|access-date=24 January 2017|work=International Business Times UK|date=23 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Ashok|first1=India|title=Lloyds DDoS attack was launched by a hacker attempting to extort £75,000 from the bank – report|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/lloyds-ddos-attack-was-launched-by-hacker-attempting-extort-75000-bank-report-1602710|access-date=24 January 2017|work=International Business Times UK|date=24 January 2017}}</ref>