Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Lockheed WC-130
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==Development== [[File:WC-130H 54th Weather Sqn in flight 1977.JPEG|thumb|left|A WC-130H-LM from the 54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron]] In 1954 the Air Weather Service (AWS) replaced its [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress variants#WB-29|WB-29 Superfortresses]] as its primary weather reconnaissance platform with a fleet of WB-50Ds deployed in seven squadrons. Between 1956 and 1960 six WB-50 accidents resulted in the loss of an entire crew and caused the deaths of 66 crew members; [[metal fatigue]] and other structural problems with the type was to end its service by 1965. The C-130 Hercules was desired by the AWS as the best alternative but budgetary limitations prevented the procurement of new aircraft for the mission. [[United States Department of the Air Force#Headquarters Air Force|Headquarters Air Force]] had always considered aerial weather reconnaissance an expendable luxury when budget cuts were necessary or when funds were needed for expensive programs. In 1958 its desire to field a large [[ICBM]] deterrent force resulted in the shutdown of two AWS squadrons, followed by three more in March 1960. The problems with the WB-50, brought to a head in May 1960 by fuel leaks that grounded the entire 66-plane fleet, accelerated the process, which scheduled a complete phaseout by 1963. AWS fought against the decision, however, and the proposed permanent shutdown of AWS's flying mission alarmed high-level operational commanders worldwide, including the admiral commanding the [[United States Pacific Command]]. The commander of the [[Strategic Air Command]], General [[Thomas S. Power]], recommended that the WB-50s be replaced by B-47s that were being phased out by SAC,<ref name="fuller357"/> and when Gen. [[Curtis E. LeMay]] gave his support for the proposal, modification of 34 WB-47Es in 1963 for the AWS was approved and the re-activation of three discontinued weather recon squadrons scheduled for 1962.<ref name="fuller2345">Fuller (1990), pp. 234β235</ref> In the meantime a bilateral moratorium with the Soviet Union on the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons was starting its third year when a suggestion was made that the classified air sampling program monitoring the moratorium and being conducted by at least five USAF commands<ref group=n>The five commands were SAC, [[Pacific Air Forces]], [[Air Defense Command]], [[Air Research and Development Command]], and [[Military Air Transport Service]].</ref> be consolidated under a single manager and agency. AWS lobbied for the mission and submitted a plan in February 1961 naming itself the single manager. LeMay, now [[Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force|Air Force Chief of Staff]], approved the plan on 31 August 1961; the next day the Soviet Union resumed nuclear testing. Headquarters Air Force authorized the acquisition of five new C-130Bs factory-configured for the sampling mission to be delivered in April 1962 when AWS would become the air sampling single-manager. These became the first weather-mission C-130 aircraft.<ref name="fuller2345"/> After the five C-130Bs became operational with AWS, conversions of six C-130Es followed in 1965 but as weather platforms. A dropsonde system was installed in all the C-130Bs and the designation of all C-130 weather variants was permanently changed to "WC-130" on 25 August 1965.{{sfn|Fuller|1990|p=355}} Three WC-130As were created in Southeast Asia in 1967 and 11 more WC-130Bs were added in 1970 to replace the WB-47s, which had been abruptly retired from service in September 1969.<ref group=n>The WB-47s had never been popular in their weather reconnaissance role, primarily because their Bendix-Friez data processing and communications system had not been fully tested and rarely worked, and were far from optimal since they were forbidden for structural reasons from penetrating tropical cyclones. General [[John Dale Ryan|John D. Ryan]], a career SAC officer and PACAF commander in 1967, was highly critical of the WB-47s and demanded they be retired. He backed down when confronted with their necessity as "weather scouts" for his ''[[Operation Arc Light]]'' missions in Vietnam, but one of his first actions when he was appointed Air Force Chief of Staff in August 1969 was to order their immediate retirement. (Fuller 359)</ref> The first of 15 WC-130Hs was converted in 1973 from rescue command and control aircraft (that had themselves been modified from C-130Es). Service life of some of these variants over-lapped as they operated with the 53rd, [[54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron|54th]], [[55th Space Weather Squadron|55th]] and [[358th Fighter Squadron|56th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron]]s. The -E and -H models have had the greatest longevity in service, 28 and 32 years respectively. Of the seven original weather reconnaissance squadrons, four of which received the WC-130 at some point, only the 53d WRS remains active, now assigned to the [[Air Force Reserve Command]] (AFRC). The WC-130J model, introduced in 1999, is currently the weather reconnaissance platform for the 53rd WRS, part of the [[403rd Wing]] of the [[Air Force Reserve Command]] at [[Keesler AFB]], Mississippi.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.403wg.afrc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=7482 |title=WC-130 Hercules |work=AF.mil |date=2 December 2013 |access-date=5 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194408/http://www.403wg.afrc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=7482 |archive-date=3 March 2016 }}</ref> Many of the WC-130s replaced in the weather reconnaissance mission were subsequently redistributed after de-modification to other AFRC and [[Air National Guard]] wings for use again in their original tactical airlift role or as training aircraft, while others were sold to foreign air forces.
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)