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Long take
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==Early examples== [[File:The Stranger (1946) long take.webm|thumb|right|This continuous shot from ''[[The Stranger (1946 film)|The Stranger]]'' (1946) lasts over four minutes. By shooting long takes, director [[Orson Welles]] could prevent the editor from having footage cut away, thereby exerting control over the final edit.<ref>{{cite AV media |last=Wood |first=Bret |year=2013 |title=The Stranger ''audio commentary'' |type=Blu-ray |publisher=[[Kino International (company)|Kino Classics]] |oclc=862466296}}</ref>]] When filming ''[[Rope (film)|Rope]]'' (1948), [[Alfred Hitchcock]] intended for the film to have the effect of one long continuous take, but the camera magazines available could hold not more than 1000 feet of [[35 mm movie film|35 mm film]]. As a result, each take uses up to a whole roll of film and lasts up to 10 minutes. Many takes end with a [[Tracking shot|dolly shot]] to a featureless surface (such as the back of a character's jacket), with the following take beginning at the same point by zooming out. The entire film consists of only 11 shots.<ref>Miller, D. A. "Anal ''Rope''" in ''Inside/Out: Lesbian Theories, Gay Theories'', pp. 119β172. Routledge, 1991. {{ISBN|0-415-90237-1}}</ref>{{efn|For a complete analysis of Hitchcock's hidden and conventional cuts in ''Rope'', see David Bordwell's text in "Poetics of Cinema", 2008.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bordwell|first1=David|author-link1=David Bordwell|title=Poetics of Cinema.|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0415977791|page=32+|edition=Paperback; 2007|chapter=From Shriek to Shot|year=2008}}</ref>}} [[Andy Warhol]] and collaborating [[avant-garde]] filmmaker [[Jonas Mekas]] shot a 485-minute-long [[experimental film]], ''[[Empire (1965 film)|Empire]]'' (1965), on 10 rolls of film using an Auricon camera via [[16 mm film]], which allowed longer takes than its 35 mm counterpart. "The camera took a 1,200 ft roll of film that would shoot for roughly 33 minutes."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/preview-warhol-the-filmmaker-empire-1964-coskun-fine-art-london-419458.html | location=London | work=The Independent | first=Charlotte | last=Cripps | title=Preview: Warhol, The Film-Maker: 'Empire, 1964', Coskun Fine Art, London | date=10 October 2006}}</ref>
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