Editing Lunalilo (section)

==Early life==
[[File:Prince Lunalilo (PP-98-15-015).jpg|thumb|left|200px|Lunalilo as a teenager. (c. 1850-52)]]
William Charles Lunalilo was born on January 31, 1835, in a two-story house made of coral brick, an area known as ''[[ʻIolani Palace|Pohukaina]]'', now part the grounds of the [[ʻIolani Palace]] in [[Honolulu]]. His mother was [[Kekāuluohi|High Chiefess Miriam Auhea Kekāuluohi]] (later styled as Kaʻahumanu III) and his father was [[Charles Kanaʻina|High Chief Charles Kanaʻina]]. He was grandnephew of [[Kamehameha I]] by blood and the monarch's stepson by marriage to his mother. His grandmother was [[Kalākua Kaheiheimālie]], sister of Kamehameha's favorite wife, Queen [[Kaʻahumanu]]. This made him both, a second cousin as well as first cousin to King [[Kamehameha V]], King [[Kamehameha IV]], and [[Victoria Kamāmalu|Princess Victoria Kamāmalu]] through their mothers: Kekāuluohi and [[Kīnaʻu]] (later styled as Kaʻahumanu II) who were half-sisters. ''Lunalilo'' translates as ''Luna'' (high) ''lilo'' (lost) or "so high up as to be lost to sight" in the [[Hawaiian language]].{{sfn|Judd|Hawaiian Historical Society|1936|pages=36–37}} He was also named after King [[William IV|William IV of the United Kingdom]], a great friend of the Hawaiian royal family.{{sfn|Galuteria|1993|page=5}}

In the 2000 publication; ''"Kamehameha's Children Today"'', authors Charles Ahlo, Rubellite Kawena Kinney Johnson and Jerry Walker state that Lunalilo's father, [[Charles Kanaʻina]] was the great-great grandson of [[Kamehameha I]]. Kanaʻina's maternal grandfather, Palila Nohomualani was [[Kamehameha I]]'s grandson through the monarch's first born child named Kahiliʻōpua, daughter of [[Kalolaa-kumukoa|Kalola-a-Kumukoa]], also known as Kalolawahilani. This genealogy is based on previously unpublished family trees compiled by the DeFries family.<ref name="Kamehameha1">{{cite book |last1=Ahlo |first1=Charles |last2=Johnson |first2=Rubellite |last3=Walker |first3=Jerry |date=2000 |title=Kamehameha's Children Today |page=64-76 |publisher=N& 257; Mea Hawai& 699;i/Native Books |isbn=9780996780308}}</ref>

He was declared eligible to succeed by the royal decree of King [[Kamehameha III]] and sent to the [[Royal School (Hawaii)|Chief's Children's School]] (later called the Royal School) when it was founded by missionaries [[Amos Starr Cooke]] and Juliette Montague Cooke.{{sfn|Kuykendall|1953|page=34}}{{sfn|Pratt|1920|pages=52–55}}{{sfn|Van Dyke|2008|page=364}}<ref name="Polynesian1844">{{cite news|title=Princes and Chiefs eligible to be Rulers|newspaper=The Polynesian|location=Honolulu|date=July 20, 1844|volume=1|issue=9|page=1|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015408/1844-07-20/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref> Learning to speak both Hawaiian and English, he gained a mastery of English literature and love of [[William Shakespeare|Shakespearian]] soliloquies.{{sfn|Charlot|1982|page=435}}{{sfn|Kuykendall|1953|page=245}} According to one of his cousins, [[Elizabeth Kekaʻaniau|Elizabeth Kekaaniau]], Lunalilo was groomed to one day assume the Governorship of Oahu after [[Kekūanaōʻa]]'s death.{{sfn|Pratt|1920|page=54}}

Before the [[Great Māhele|Great Mahele]] Lunalilo's holdings of 239 ''ʻāina'' were second only to Kamehameha III. As a result of the Mahele, he relinquished 73 percent of his land.{{sfn|Van Dyke|2008|pages=324–331}} As of 1848, at the age of thirteen, he was still one of the largest landowners after the King, inheriting the land and personal property given to his mother father and grandmother by Kamehameha I.{{sfn|Judd|Hawaiian Historical Society|1936|page=37}} In 1850 Lunalilo gave up another large amount of land to the government reducing his holdings to 43 lots.{{sfn|Van Dyke|2008|pages=324–331}}{{sfn|Kameʻeleihiwa|1992|page=243}}

Affectionately known as "Prince Bill," he was one of the royals (besides [[Kalākaua]] and [[Liliʻuokalani]]) to write music. He composed Hawaii's first national anthem, "[[E Ola Ke Aliʻi Ke Akua]]," which was Hawaii's version of "[[God Save the Queen|God Save The King]]".<ref name="huapala">{{cite web |url=http://www.huapala.org/E_Ola_Ke_Alii_Ke_Akua.html |title=E Ola Ke Ali'i Ke Akua |access-date=2009-10-06 |work=Hawaiian Music and Hula Archives |author=English version by Makua Laiana |publisher=Kaiulani Kanoa-Martin |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620075047/http://huapala.org/E_Ola_Ke_Alii_Ke_Akua.html |archive-date=2010-06-20 }}</ref>
He wrote the song in fifteen minutes in a contest hosted by newspaper publisher Henry Whitney in 1862 for the birthday of Kamehameha IV. He won the contest and was awarded ten dollars.{{sfn|Smith|1956|pages=8–9}}

Lunalilo served on the [[Privy Council of the Hawaiian Kingdom|Privy Council of State]], the advisory council for the monarch, from 1863 to 1865, during the reign of his cousin King Kamehameha V. He also served on the House of Nobles, the upper house of the [[Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom|legislature]], traditionally reserved for the high chiefs, from 1863 to 1872.{{sfn|Kuykendall|1953|pages=245–246}}<ref name="office">{{cite web|title=Lunalilo office record|work=state archives digital collections |publisher=state of Hawaii|url=https://digitalcollections.hawaii.gov/greenstone3/sites/localsite/collect/governm1/index/assoc/HASH5c42/54ad77d4.dir/doc.pdf|access-date=September 12, 2015}}</ref>