Editing Lyon Metro (section)

==Routes==
The Lyon Metro consists of four lines, A, B, C and D, each identified on maps by different colours:
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! Line
! Opened<ref name="SYTRAL" />
! Length<ref name="lines" />
! Stations<ref name="SYTRAL" />
! Termini
! Rolling stock
|-
| [[File:Lyon tcl metro-a.svg|20px|alt=Lyon Metro Line A|link=Lyon Metro Line A]]
| 1978
| {{convert|9.2|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| 14
| {{ublist|[[Perrache (quarter)|Perrache]]  <small>([[Lyon-Perrache station|railway station]])</small>|[[Vaulx-en-Velin–La Soie]]}}
| [[MPL 75]]
|-
| [[File:Lyon tcl metro-b.svg|20px|alt=Lyon Metro Line B|link=Lyon Metro Line B]]
| 1978
| {{convert|10.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| 12
| {{ublist|[[Charpennes–Charles Hernu station|Charpennes–Charles Hernu]]|[[Saint-Genis-Laval–Hôpital Lyon Sud]]}}
| [[MPL 16]]
|-
| [[File:Lyon tcl metro-c.svg|20px|alt=Lyon Metro Line C|link=Lyon Metro Line C]]
| 1974
| {{convert|2.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| 5
| {{ublist|[[Hôtel de Ville–Louis Pradel station|Hôtel de Ville–Louis Pradel]]|[[Cuire station|Cuire]]}}
| [[MCL 80]]
|-
| [[File:Lyon tcl metro-d.svg|20px|alt=Lyon Metro Line D|link=Lyon Metro Line D]]
| 1991
| {{convert|12.6|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| 15
| {{ublist|[[Gare de Vaise (Lyon Métro)|Gare de Vaise]] <small>([[Lyon-Vaise station|railway station]])</small>|[[Gare de Vénissieux (Lyon Métro)|Gare de Vénissieux]] <small>([[Vénissieux station|railway station]])</small>}}
| [[MPL 85]]
|}

=== Lines A and B ===
{{Main|Lyon Metro Line A|Lyon Metro Line B}}
[[Lyon Metro Line A|Line A]] from ''Perrache'' to ''Laurent Bonnevay–Astroballe'' and [[Lyon Metro Line B|Line B]] from ''Charpennes'' to ''[[Lyon-Part-Dieu station|Part-Dieu]]'' were constructed by cut-and-cover and went into service on 2 May 1978, as the inaugural lines of the Lyon Metro. Trains on both lines run on rubber tyres rather than steel wheels.

Line B was extended to ''Jean Macé'' on 9 September 1981, to ''Stade de Gerland'' on 4 September 2000<ref name="SYTRAL">{{cite web |url=http://www.sytral.fr/11-tcl-metro.htm |title=Le Métro sur le réseau TCL |publisher=TCL - SYTRAL |language=fr |trans-title=The Metro/Subway of TCL's network |access-date=2013-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008152119/http://www.sytral.fr/11-tcl-metro.htm |archive-date=2014-10-08}}</ref> as well as later to ''Gare d'Oullins'' on 11 December 2013.<ref name="Oullins">{{cite web |url=http://www.sytral.fr/69-metrob.htm |title=Le prolongement du métro B à Oullins |publisher=TCL - SYTRAL |language=fr |trans-title=Extension of the metro Line B to Oullins |access-date=2013-10-01}}</ref>

An extension to ''Vaulx-en-Velin–La Soie'' on Line A opened in October 2007.<ref name="SYTRAL" />

Since 2022, Line B is automated with new [[MPL 16]] rolling stock ordered to [[Alstom]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite web |title=France: Automatic Train Operation Begins on Lyon Metro Line B |url=https://railway-news.com/france-automatic-train-operation-begins-on-lyon-metro-line-b/ |date=2022-06-29 |access-date=2024-10-24}}</ref> The [[MPL 75]] trains previously used on Line B are meant to join the other MPL 75s on Line A to increase capacity.

An extension to Line B saw two stations, ''Oullins Centre'' and ''Saint-Genis-Laval–Hôpital Lyon Sud'' open on 20 October 2023.<ref>{{cite web |title=Le 20 octobre à 16h, le métro B arrive à Saint-Genis-Laval ! |url=https://www.tcl.fr/metro-b-prolongement |website=TCL |access-date=20 October 2023}}</ref>

=== Line C ===
{{Main|Lyon Metro Line C}}
The ''Croix-Rousse-Croix-Paquet'' [[rack railway]], which was refurbished in 1974,<ref name="SYTRAL" /> was integrated into the Metro in 1978 as [[Lyon Metro Line C|Line C]], with an extension to [[Hôtel de Ville–Louis Pradel station|Hôtel de Ville–Louis Pradel]]<ref name="SYTRAL" /> (thus running from ''Hôtel de Ville–Louis Pradel'' to ''Croix-Rousse''). It was extended to ''Cuire'' on 8 December 1984.<ref name="SYTRAL" />

The line was constructed using various methods; the incline rising through a deep tunnel, the portion on the flat at ''Croix-Rousse'' using cut-and-cover while the section beyond ''Hénon'' runs on the surface. The ''Croix Paquet'' station claims to be the steepest metro station in Europe, with an incline of 17%.

Line C uses overhead wires and steel wheels while Lines A, B and D use a [[third rail]] and rubber tyres. Until [[Paris Métro Line 15]] opens it is the only metro line in France to use overhead lines and the only steel wheeled metro line in France outside Paris.

=== Line D ===
{{Main|Lyon Metro Line D}}
[[Lyon Metro Line D|Line D]], the first fully automatic metro line in France, started with operators on board trains on 4 September 1991, between ''Gorge de Loup'' and ''Grange Blanche''. The line was extended to ''[[Vénissieux station|Gare de Vénissieux]]'' on 11 December 1992,<ref name="SYTRAL" /> when it switched to driverless operation. On 28 April 1997, it was extended again to ''[[Lyon-Vaise station|Gare de Vaise]]''.<ref name="SYTRAL" />

Using rubber tyres like lines A and B, trains on line D are controlled by a system known as MAGGALY (''Métro Automatique à Grand Gabarit de l’Agglomération Lyonnaise''). Unusually for a driverless metro, no [[platform screen doors]] are installed on station platforms. The trains use infrared sensors to detect obstructions on the track. Other systems using this technology include the [[Nuremberg U-Bahn]] and [[Budapest Metro]]'s Line 4.

The deepest line in Lyon, Line D was constructed partly using [[Tunnel boring machine|boring machines]] and passes under both rivers, the [[Rhône]] and [[Saône]]. At {{convert|12.5|km|mi}} long with 15 stations,<ref name="SYTRAL" /> it is also the longest line in Lyon.

In 2016, new MPL 16 rolling stock was ordered from [[Alstom]] for Line B and Line D; it came into service on Line B in 2022. These trains allow for an increase in capacity on Line D. Further, they will be coupled to form four-car units at rush hours and should replace the [[MPL 75]] of Line B which would then solely run on Line A.

=== Map ===
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid   = Q1552
| frame-lat    = 45.744
| frame-long   = 4.85
| frame-width  = 500
| frame-height = 400
| zoom         = 12
| length       = yes
}}