Editing Macintosh clone (section)

==Background==
The [[Apple II]] and [[IBM PC]] computer lines were "cloned" by other manufacturers who had [[reverse engineering|reverse-engineer]]ed the minimal amount of [[firmware]] in the computers' ROM chips and subsequently legally produced computers that could run the same software.<ref name="lemjosh">{{cite web  | last =Coventry  | first =Joshua | author-link=   | title =Apples From Other Orchards  | publisher =[[Low End Mac]]  | date =2006-12-05  | url =http://lowendmac.com/2014/apples-from-other-orchards-apple-ii-clones/  | doi =  | accessdate =2007-03-04  }}</ref>  These clones were seen by Apple as a threat, as Apple II sales had presumably suffered from the competition provided by [[Franklin Computer Corporation]] and other clone manufacturers,<ref name="lemjosh"/> both legal and illegal. At IBM, the threat proved to be real: most of the market eventually went to clone-makers, including [[Compaq]], [[Leading Edge Hardware Products|Leading Edge]], [[Tandy Corporation|Tandy]], [[Kaypro]], [[Packard Bell]], [[Amstrad]] in Europe, and dozens of smaller companies, and in short order IBM found it had [[gang of nine|lost control over its own platform]].

Apple eventually licensed the Apple II ROMs to other companies, primarily to educational toy manufacturer [[Tiger Electronics]] in order to produce an inexpensive laptop with educational games and the [[AppleWorks]] software suite: the Tiger Learning Computer (TLC).  The TLC lacked a built-in display.<ref name="owad">{{cite web  | last =Owad  | first =Tom  | author-link =  | title =Tiger Learning Computer  | publisher =Applefritter  | date =2004-01-19  | url =http://www.applefritter.com/node/239  | doi =  | accessdate =2007-03-04  }}</ref>  Its lid acted as a holster for the cartridges that stored the bundled software, as it had no floppy drive.<ref name="owad"/>