Editing March 5 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[363]] &ndash; [[Roman emperor]] [[Julian (emperor)|Julian]] leaves [[Antioch]] with an army of 90,000 to [[Julian's Persian War|attack]] the [[Sasanian Empire]], in a campaign which would bring about his own death.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Claudio Mamertino|author2=Jean Chrysostome|author3=Saint Ephraem|title=The Emperor Julian: Panegyric and Polemic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C9HN6kAsf7wC&pg=PA54|year=1989|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-0-85323-376-3|pages=54|archive-date=2022-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207044919/https://books.google.com/books?id=C9HN6kAsf7wC&pg=PA54|url-status=live|access-date=3 September 2020}}</ref>
*[[1046]] &ndash; [[Nasir Khusraw]] begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book ''[[Safarnama]]''.
*[[1279]] &ndash; The [[Livonian Order]] is defeated in the [[Battle of Aizkraukle]] by the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]].
*[[1496]] &ndash; King [[Henry VII of England]] issues letters patent to [[John Cabot]] and his sons, authorising them to explore unknown lands.

===1601–1900===
*[[1616]] &ndash; [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]'s book ''[[De revolutionibus orbium coelestium|On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres]]'' is added to the [[Index Librorum Prohibitorum|Index of Forbidden Books]] 73 years after it was first published.
*[[1766]] &ndash; [[Antonio de Ulloa]], the first Spanish governor of [[Louisiana]], arrives in [[New Orleans]].
*[[1770]] &ndash; [[Boston Massacre]]: Five Americans, including [[Crispus Attucks]], are fatally shot by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the [[American Revolutionary War]] (also known as the American War of Independence) five years later.
*[[1811]] &ndash; [[Peninsular War]]: A French force under the command of [[Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno|Marshal Victor]] is routed while trying to prevent an Anglo-Spanish-Portuguese army from lifting the [[Siege of Cádiz]] in the [[Battle of Barrosa]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Archibald Alison|title=History of Europe: From the Commencement of the French Revolution to the Restoration of the Bourbons in MDCCCXV &#91;i.e. 1815&#93;|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uI0yAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA648|year=1850|publisher=Blackwood|pages=648|access-date=2020-09-03|archive-date=2022-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305141532/https://www.google.com/books/edition/History_of_Europe/uI0yAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA648&printsec=frontcover|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1824]] &ndash; [[First Anglo-Burmese War]]: The British officially declare war on [[Myanmar|Burma]].
*[[1825]] &ndash; [[Roberto Cofresí]], one of the last successful Caribbean [[pirate]]s, is [[Capture of the sloop Anne|defeated in combat]] and captured by authorities.<ref>{{cite book|title=El Marinero, Bandolero, Pirata y Contrabandista Roberto Cofresí (1819–1825)|first=Walter A.|last=Cardona Bonet|publisher=Sociedad Puertorriqueña de Genealogía|year=1991|isbn=9781933545059|pages=181–182}}</ref>
*[[1836]] &ndash; [[Samuel Colt]] established his first factory to produce recently patented production-model [[revolver]], the .34-caliber "Paterson".<ref>{{cite book|title=Army Information Digest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vMUHS6xBUKcC&pg=RA4-PA57|publisher=U.S. Department of the Army|pages=4|access-date=2020-09-03|archive-date=2022-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305141537/https://books.google.com/books?id=vMUHS6xBUKcC&pg=RA4-PA57|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1850]] &ndash; The [[Britannia Bridge]] across the [[Menai Strait]] between the island of [[Anglesey]] and the mainland of Wales is opened.<ref>{{cite book|author=Steve Skinner|title=Hydraulic Fluid Power – A Historical Timeline|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ENUEBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA42|date=19 July 2014|isbn=978-1-291-67689-1|pages=42|publisher=Lulu.com |access-date=3 September 2020|archive-date=1 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001221732/https://books.google.com/books?id=ENUEBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA42|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1860]] &ndash; [[Parma]], [[Tuscany]], [[Modena]] and [[Romagna]] vote in [[referendum]]s to join the [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]].
*[[1868]] &ndash; ''[[Mefistofele]]'', an opera by [[Arrigo Boito]], receives its premiere performance at [[La Scala]].
*[[1872]] &ndash; [[George Westinghouse]] patents the [[railway air brake|air brake]].

===1901–present===
*[[1906]] &ndash; [[Moro Rebellion]]: [[United States Army]] troops bring overwhelming force against the native [[Moro people|Moros]] in the [[First Battle of Bud Dajo]], leaving only six survivors.
*[[1912]] &ndash; [[Italo-Turkish War]]: [[Kingdom of Italy|Italian]] forces are the first to use [[airship]]s for military purposes, employing them for [[reconnaissance]] behind [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish]] lines.
*[[1931]] &ndash; The [[British Raj]]: [[Gandhi–Irwin Pact]] is signed. 
*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Adolf Hitler]]'s [[Nazi Party]] receives 43.9% at the [[German federal election, March 1933|Reichstag elections]], which allows the Nazis to later pass the [[Enabling Act of 1933|Enabling Act]] and establish a dictatorship.
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[Spanish Civil War]]: The [[National Defence Council (Spain)|National Defence Council]] seizes control of the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|republican]] government in a [[coup d'etat]], with the intention of negotiating an end to the war.<ref>{{cite book|last=Alexander|first=Robert J.|title=The Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=axe1Tf4Lu6gC&pg=PA1077|access-date=2015-08-25 |date=1999|publisher=Janus Publishing Company|isbn=978-1-85756-412-9|page=1067}}</ref>
*[[1940]] &ndash; Six high-ranking members of the [[Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Soviet politburo]], including [[Joseph Stalin]], sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish [[intelligentsia]], including 14,700 Polish [[Prisoner of war|POWs]], in what will become known as the [[Katyn massacre]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] forces capture [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]], capital of [[Dutch East Indies]], which is left undefended after the withdrawal of the [[Royal Netherlands East Indies Army|KNIL]] garrison and Australian Blackforce [[battalion]] to [[Buitenzorg]] and [[Bandung]].
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: [[1943 Greek protests against labour mobilization|General strike and protest march]] in Athens against rumours of forced  mobilization of Greek workers for work in Germany,  resulting in clashes with the Axis occupation forces and collaborationist police. The decree is withdrawn on the next day.<ref>{{cite book | last = Fleischer | first = Hagen | author-link = | title = Krieg und Nachkrieg: Das schwierige deutsch-griechische Jahrhundert | trans-title = War and Post-War: The Difficult German–Greek Century | publisher = Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht | year = 2020 | location = Cologne | language = de | isbn = 978-341251790-8 | pages=61–62}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Mazower|first=Mark|author-link=Mark Mazower|title=Inside Hitler's Greece: The Experience of Occupation, 1941–44|year=1993|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0-300-06552-3|location=New Haven and London | pages=118–119}}</ref>
*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: The [[Red Army]] begins the [[Uman–Botoșani offensive]] in the western [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukrainian SSR]].
*[[1946]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: [[Winston Churchill]] delivers his famous "[[Iron Curtain]]" speech at [[Westminster College, Missouri]].
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Joseph Stalin]], the longest serving leader of the [[Soviet Union]], [[Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin|dies]] at his Volynskoe dacha in [[Moscow]] after suffering a [[Intracerebral hemorrhage|cerebral hemorrhage]] four days earlier.
*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Sutton Wick air crash]] a Blackburn Beverley of 53 Squadron, Royal Air Forces, crashes into the village of Sutton Wick, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire) killing most of the crew and passengers and two local residents.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-03-06 |title=Memorial unveiled to victims of 1957 RAF air crash in Sutton Wick |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-oxfordshire-35729685 |access-date=2024-12-16 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[President of Indonesia|Indonesian President]] [[Sukarno]] dismissed the [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR)]], 1955 democratically elected parliament, and replaced with DPR-GR, the parliament of his own selected members.
*[[1963]] &ndash; American country music stars [[Patsy Cline]], [[Hawkshaw Hawkins]], [[Cowboy Copas]] and their pilot Randy Hughes are killed in a [[1963 Camden PA-24 crash|plane crash]] in [[Camden, Tennessee]].
*1963 &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 191]] crashes while landing at [[Aşgabat International Airport]], killing 12.
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[March Intifada]]: A [[Left-wing politics|Leftist]] uprising erupts in [[Bahrain]] against the British colonial presence.
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[BOAC Flight 911]], a [[Boeing 707]] aircraft, breaks apart in mid-air due to [[clear-air turbulence]] and crashes into [[Mount Fuji]], [[Japan]], killing all 124 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-436 G-APFE Mount Fuji |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660305-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701051257/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660305-1 |archive-date=2020-07-01 |access-date=2020-03-04 |website=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Lake Central Airlines Flight 527]] crashes near [[Marseilles, Ohio]], killing 38.<ref name="ad2">{{cite web |last= |first= |date=1968-02-26 |title=Aircraft Accident Report : Lake Central Airlines |url=http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aircraft-accident-reports/AAR68-AC.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |accessdate=2017-03-03 |website= |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |via=Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University}}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Air France Flight 212 (1968)|Air France Flight 212]] crashes into [[La Grande Soufrière]], killing all 63 aboard.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=Aircraft accident Boeing 707-328C F-BLCJ Pointe-à-Pitre |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19680305-1 |access-date=2021-06-21 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=[[Flight Safety Foundation]]}}</ref>
*[[1970]] &ndash; The [[Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons]] goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.
*[[1973]] &ndash; An [[Iberia (airline)|Iberia]] [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9]] [[1973 Nantes mid-air collision|collide]] in mid-air with a [[Spantax]] [[Convair 990 Coronado]] over [[Nantes]], France, killing all 68 people aboard the DC-9, including music manager [[Michael Jeffery (manager)|Michael Jeffery]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Leblanc |first1=Larry |date=27 February 2010 |title=Re-experiencing Jimi Hendrix |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/music/re-experiencing-jimi-hendrix/article4308120/ |access-date=26 February 2017 |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |publisher=The Globe and Mail Inc}}</ref>
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Yom Kippur War]]: [[Israel]]i forces withdraw from the west bank of the [[Suez Canal]].
*[[1978]] &ndash; The [[Landsat 3]] is launched from [[Vandenberg Air Force Base]] in [[California]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; Soviet probes [[Venera 11]], [[Venera 12]] and the German-American solar satellite [[Helios (spacecraft)|Helios II]] all are hit by [[Gamma-ray burst|"off the scale" gamma rays]] leading to the discovery of [[soft gamma repeater]]s.
*[[1981]] &ndash; The [[ZX81]], a pioneering British [[home computer]], is launched by [[Sinclair Research]] and would go on to sell over 1{{frac|1|2}} million units around the world.
*[[1982]] &ndash; Soviet probe [[Venera 14]] lands on [[Venus]].
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Flight 109]] crashes in Venezuela, killing 45.<ref name="aviation-safety">{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 YV-23C Valera |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19910305-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412172100/http://aviation-safety.net:80/database/record.php?id=19910305-1 |archive-date=2005-04-12 |access-date=2021-03-28 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=[[Flight Safety Foundation]]}}</ref>
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Palair Macedonian Airlines Flight 301]] crashes at [[Skopje International Airport]] in [[Petrovec, North Macedonia]], killing 83.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Fokker 100 PH-KXL Skopje Airport (SKP) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930305-1 |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[2001]] &ndash; In [[Mina, Saudi Arabia]], 35 pilgrims are killed in a [[2001 Hajj stampede|stampede]] on the [[Jamaraat Bridge]] during the [[Hajj]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2001-03-05 |title=Pilgrims killed in Mecca stampede |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1203108.stm |access-date=2019-05-03 |work=BBC News}}</ref>
*[[2002]] &ndash; An [[2002 Mindanao earthquake|earthquake]] in [[Mindanao]], Philippines, kills 15 people and injures more than 100.<ref name="inq72">{{cite news |date=March 16, 2002 |title=12 dead in Mindanao earthquake |url=http://www.inq7.net/nat/2002/mar/07/nat_3-2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020417105350/http://www.inq7.net/nat/2002/mar/07/nat_3-2.htm |archive-date=April 17, 2002 |accessdate=November 12, 2022 |newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref>
*[[2003]] &ndash; In [[Haifa]], 17 Israeli civilians are killed in the [[Haifa bus 37 suicide bombing]].
*[[2011]] &ndash; An [[Antonov An-148]] [[2011 Garbuzovo Antonov An-148 crash|crashes]] in Russia's [[Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast]] during a test flight, killing all seven aboard.<ref name="FI353959">{{cite news |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=5 March 2011 |title=An-148 crashes in Russia on test flight: ministry |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/03/05/353959/an-148-crashes-in-russia-on-test-flight-ministry.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308180822/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/03/05/353959/an-148-crashes-in-russia-on-test-flight-ministry.html |archive-date=8 March 2011 |accessdate=6 March 2011 |work=[[FlightGlobal]]}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[Tropical Storm Irina]] kills over 75 as it passes through [[Madagascar]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Tropical storm Irina claims 72 lives |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95025/madagascar-tropical-storm-irina-claims-72-lives |access-date=March 6, 2021 |work=The New Humanitarian |date=7 March 2012 |language=en |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305141539/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95025/madagascar-tropical-storm-irina-claims-72-lives |url-status=live }}</ref>
*2012 &ndash; Two people are killed and six more are injured in a [[2012 Bucharest hair salon shooting|shooting]] at a hair salon in [[Bucharest]], Romania.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-03-06 |title=Agentul Vlădan a fost reţinut pentru 24 de ore. Şi-a omorât soţia cu trei gloanţe, apoi a tras la întâmplare |trans-title=Agent Vladan was detained for 24 hours. He killed his wife with three bullets, then fired at random |url=http://www.antena3.ro/romania/macel-in-centrul-capitalei-doua-persoane-au-murit-alta-este-in-coma-iar-alte-5-au-fost-transportate-la-spital-in-stare-grava-primele-imagini-de-la-locul-tragediei-158084.html |publisher=Antena 3 |language=ro}}</ref>
*[[2018]] &ndash; [[Syrian civil war]]: The [[Syrian Democratic Forces]] (SDF) pause the [[Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)|Deir ez-Zor campaign]] due to the [[Operation Olive Branch|Turkish-led invasion of Afrin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey-pentagon/turkish-offensive-in-syria-leads-to-pause-in-some-operations-against-is-pentagon-idUSKBN1GH2YW|title=Turkish offensive in Syria leads to pause in some operations against IS: Pentagon|date=6 March 2018|publisher=Reuters|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=13 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613055840/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey-pentagon/turkish-offensive-in-syria-leads-to-pause-in-some-operations-against-is-pentagon-idUSKBN1GH2YW|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/06/battle-against-isil-paused-syria-kurdish-fighters-battle-turkey/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/06/battle-against-isil-paused-syria-kurdish-fighters-battle-turkey/ |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Battle against Isil 'paused in Syria' as Kurdish fighters battle Turkey|newspaper=The Telegraph |agency=Associated Press|date=6 March 2018|access-date=10 July 2018|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.afp.com/en/news/826/us-backed-syria-force-redeploy-1700-fight-afrin-doc-1213h24|title=Web & Mobile|date=27 February 2012|access-date=10 July 2018|archive-date=7 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307023318/https://www.afp.com/en/news/826/us-backed-syria-force-redeploy-1700-fight-afrin-doc-1213h24|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2021]] &ndash; [[Pope Francis]] begins a [[List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis|historical visit to Iraq]]<ref>{{cite news |date=5 March 2021 |title=Pope Francis departs on Apostolic Journey to Iraq |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2021-03/pope-francis-departure-iraq-visit-itinerary.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305182054/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2021-03/pope-francis-departure-iraq-visit-itinerary.html |archive-date=5 March 2021 |access-date=March 6, 2021 |work=Vatican News}}</ref> amidst the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Pope urges Iraq to embrace its Christians on historic visit |url=https://apnews.com/article/pope-francis-arrives-iraq-ca6f3bcfe979bbaf399e15d9d614b25a |access-date=March 6, 2021 |work=AP NEWS |date=5 March 2021 |archive-date=6 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306020536/https://apnews.com/article/pope-francis-arrives-iraq-ca6f3bcfe979bbaf399e15d9d614b25a |url-status=live }}</ref>
*  2021 &ndash; Twenty people are killed and 30 injured in a [[March 2021 Mogadishu bombing|suicide car bombing]] in [[Mogadishu]], Somalia.<ref>{{cite news |title=At least 20 killed by suicide car bomb near restaurant in Somalia capital |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-somalia-violence/at-least-20-killed-by-suicide-car-bomb-near-restaurant-in-somalia-capital-idUSKCN2AX28U |access-date=March 11, 2021 |work=Reuters |agency=Reuters |date=5 March 2021 |language=en |archive-date=5 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305232403/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-somalia-violence/at-least-20-killed-by-suicide-car-bomb-near-restaurant-in-somalia-capital-idUSKCN2AX28U |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[2023]] &ndash; The [[2023 Estonian parliamentary election]] is held, with two centre-right liberal parties gaining an absolute majority for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/4023/ |title=IFES Election Guide &#124; Elections: Estonia Parliament 2023 |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=February 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215233833/https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/4023/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* 2023 &ndash; A group of four prisoners [[2023 Nouakchott prison break|escape from the Nouakchott Civil Prison]], before being caught the next day.<ref name="Nouakchott Prison Break">{{cite news |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230306-four-jihadists-escape-in-deadly-prison-break-in-mauritania |title=Four jihadists escape in deadly Mauritania prison break |language=en |newspaper=[[France24]] |date=6 March 2023 |access-date=2023-03-06}}</ref>