Editing Marian Langiewicz (section)

==Biography==
He was born in the [[province of Posen]], as the son of Wojciech (1793-1831) and Eleonora née Kluczewska (1795-1861).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-04-22 |title=Bez kategorii – Strona 18. |url=https://zduny.wordpress.com/category/bez-kategorii/page/18/ |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=Zdunowski Portal Historyczny |language=pl-PL}}</ref> His father Wojciech was local doctor. In turn his mother Eleonora was noblewoman from the prominent Kluczewski family.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cichy |first=Łukasz "Toldo" |date=2015-04-22 |title=Wojciech Langiewicz |url=https://zduny.wordpress.com/2015/04/22/wojciech-langiewicz/ |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=Zdunowski Portal Historyczny |language=pl-PL}}</ref> His maternal great-uncle was diplomat and royal secretary [[Ignacy Kluczewski]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=WJP Ignacy Kluczewski pułkownik {{!}} Stowarzyszenie Rodów Grodzieńskich |url=https://www.rodygrodzienskie.pl/historia/lustracja-dymow-powiatu-grodzienskiego-z-1789-roku/lustracja-parafia-brzostowica/wjp-ignacy-kluczewski-pulkownik/ |access-date=2024-10-03 |language=pl-PL}}</ref>

Langiewicz was educated at [[Poznań|Posen]], [[Wrocław|Breslau]], and [[Prague]], and was compelled to earn his daily bread by giving lectures. He subsequently entered the Prussian [[Landwehr]] and served for a year in the royal guard. In 1860 he migrated to Paris and was for a time professor in the high school founded there by [[Ludwik Adam Mieroslawski]].

The same year he took part in [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]]'s Neapolitan campaign, and was then a professor in the military school at [[Cuneo]] till the establishment was closed.

In 1862 he entered into communication with the central Polish committee at [[Warsaw]], and on the outbreak of the insurrection, 22 January 1863, he took the command of the armed bands.

He defeated the Russians at [[Wąchock]] and [[Słupia]] (February), capturing 1000 muskets and 8 cannon. This victory drew hundreds of young recruits to his standard, till at last he had 12,000 men at his disposal.

On 23 February he again defeated the Russians, at [[Battle of Małogoszcz|Małogoszcz]], and captured 500 muskets and 2 cannons. On 10 March he proclaimed himself [[Dictator]] and attempted to form a regular government; but either he had insufficient organizing talent, or had not time enough to carry out his plans, and after a fresh series of engagements at the [[battle of Chrobrze]] on 17 March and [[battle of Grochowiska]] on 18 March he took refuge in [[Austria]]n territory and was interned at [[Tarnów]]. He was subsequently transferred to the fortress of [[Josephstadt]], from which he was released in 1865.

He then lived at [[Solothurn]] as a citizen of the [[Switzerland|Swiss Republic]], and subsequently entered the Turkish service as '''Langie Bey'''. He died in [[Istanbul]] on 10 May 1887 and is buried at the [[Haydarpaşa Cemetery|Haidar Pasha Cemetery]] with his English wife Suzanne (2 February 1837 - 24 November 1906).