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Marian apparition
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==Examples== {{Main|List of Marian apparitions}} [[File:Fra bartolomeo 02 Vision of St Bernard with Sts Benedict and John the Evangelist.jpg|thumb|220px|''The Marian Vision of Saint Bernard'', by [[Fra Bartolommeo]], {{Circa|1504}}. [[Uffizi, Florence]]]] Some Marian apparitions are associated with one or more [[Titles of Mary|titles given to Mary]], often based on the location of the apparition, such as [[Our Lady of Pontmain]] in [[Pontmain]], France (1871). Others use a title that Mary purportedly applies to herself during the alleged apparition, as in the case of the disputed apparition entitled [[The Lady of All Nations]] (Netherlands, 1945..1959). Some Marian apparitions have only one purported seer, such as that of [[Our Lady of Lourdes]] (France, 1858). Other apparitions have multiple seers; in the case of [[Our Lady of Fátima]] (1917), there were only three seers of the apparition itself, but miraculous phenomena were reported by a crowd of approximately 70,000 people, and even by others located miles away.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/10/13/our-lady-of-fatima-the-virgin-mary-promised-three-kids-a-miracle-that-70000-gathered-to-see/|title=Our Lady of Fatima: The Virgin Mary promised three kids a miracle that 70,000 gathered to see|date=2017-10-13|first=Katherine|last=Arcement|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> In other cases, the entirety of a large group of people claims to see Mary, as in the case of [[Our Lady of La Vang]] (Vietnam, {{circa|1800}}). Some modern mass apparitions, claimed to have been witnessed by hundreds of thousands, such as [[Our Lady of Zeitoun]] (Egypt, 1968~1971).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aleteia.org/2019/05/05/this-marian-apparition-in-egypt-was-witnessed-by-at-least-250000-people/|title=This Marian apparition in Egypt was witnessed by at least 250,000 people|first=Philip|last=Kosloski|publisher=[[Aletia]]|date=2019-05-05|access-date=2019-10-13}}</ref> Most alleged apparitions involve the verbal communication of messages, but others are silent, such as the apparition of [[Our Lady of Knock]] (Ireland, 1879). [[File:Virgen de guadalupe1.jpg|thumb|right|220px|[[Our Lady of Guadalupe]] is widely considered integral to the [[Culture of Mexico|cultural identity of Mexico]] and [[Latin American culture]].]] [[File:MaryjazLaSalette.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Statue of [[Our Lady of La Salette]], an 1846 apparition reported to have occurred in France]] Some apparitions are one-time events, such as [[Our Lady of La Salette]] (France, 1846). Others recur over an extended period, such as [[Our Lady of Laus]] (France, 17th/18th centuries), whose seer claimed 54 years of appearances. Public, serial apparitions (in which a seer not only says that they have experienced a vision, but that they expect it will reoccur, causing people to gather to observe) appear to be a relatively recent phenomenon; up until about the seventeenth century, most reported apparitions happened when the individual was alone, or at least no one else was aware of its occurrence.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=syMABAAAQBAJ|last=Zimdars-Swartz|first=Sandra L.|title=Encountering Mary: From La Salette to Medjugorje|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1400861637|page=5}}</ref> Physical contact is hardly ever reported as part of Marian apparitions. In rare cases, a physical artifact is reportedly left behind, such as the image of [[Our Lady of Guadalupe]] (Mexico, 1531), which is said to have been miraculously imprinted on the cloak of [[Juan Diego]].
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