Editing Marie Rambert (section)

==Early years and background==
Born to a liberal [[Lithuanian Jews|Lithuanian Jewish]] family in [[Warsaw]], [[Congress Poland]], she was originally named '''Cyvia (Cesia) Rambam'''. Her father and two of his brothers later changed their last names to make them seem [[only child]]ren in order to escape military service in the [[Imperial Russian Army]];<ref name=jewishwomen /><ref>"[https://books.google.com/books?id=eSIhzKnNUf4C&pg=PA396 Marie Rambert]," in: [[Adrian Room]], ''Dictionary of Pseudonyms'', 5th ed., Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2010, p. 396. This was not an uncommon practice among Jews in the Russian Empire.</ref> and so, while one brother retained the name Rambam, her father changed his to '''Ramberg''', another of his brothers went to '''Rambert''', and the last changed his name to '''Warszawski'''. She changed her name to '''Myriam Ramberg''', and finally left it in the [[French language|French]] form ''Marie Rambert''. In later years she was known to friends and dancers as Mim.

Her father, [[Yakov Ramberg]] (1855–1928), born in [[Vištytis]], a small town in [[Suwałki Governorate]] (nowadays in [[Lithuania]]), was a learned merchant and Hebrew publisher and lexicographer, and a [[Zionism|Zionist]]. Her mother, Eiga Ramberg (née Lap), born in the town of [[Suchowola]] (nowadays in north-east [[Poland]]), daughter of Rabbi Elhanan Tzvi Lap, was a community worker.<ref>"Ramberg, Eiga," in: ''Sefer Halshim: Lexicon Eretzyisra'eli'', Tel Aviv: Masada, 5697 [1937], p. 2023. (Hebrew)</ref>

Rambert was the fourth of seven children. The eldest child, Rakhel, was the wife of Hebrew writer [[Micha Josef Berdyczewski]]. The second, Ewa Ramberg-Figulla, was a [[Slavist]], the wife of German [[Hittitologist]] Hugo Heinrich Figulla and mother of physicist Johannes Figulla<ref>[[Avner Holtzman]], ''An Image Before my Eyes'', Tel Aviv: Am Oved (''Ofakim''), 2001, pp. 29–33, 240 (Hebrew). Rambert had a third older Sister, Wella Alapin; younger twin siblings, Hanan and Dvora; and another young brother, Eliezer (Julius) (''ibid'').</ref> (father-in-law of German writer [[Christoph Hein]] and grandfather of German writer [[Jakob Hein]]).

Rambert met her husband [[Ashley Dukes]], a soldier on leave, at a dinner party in 1917. In Rambert's autobiography she says "after four days of personal meetings, and seven months of correspondence we were married on 3 March 1918."<ref>Marie Rambert, "Quicksilver: Autobiography" (London: St Martin's Press, 1972), p. 94. {{ISBN|978-0333347119}}</ref>  This was done partly as a joke so that Dukes could get four weeks of extended leave instead of two days.  Their marriage lasted 41 years, until he died in 1959; the couple had two daughters, Angela (1920–2006) and Helena.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}}  The poet, Aidan Andrew Dun, is her grandson.