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Martin Bernal
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==Early life and education== Bernal was born and grew up in [[Hampstead]], London, the son of the physicist [[J. D. Bernal|John Desmond Bernal]] and artists' patron [[Margaret Gardiner (art collector)|Margaret Gardiner]].<ref name ="Guardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/education/2013/jun/21/martin-bernal Martin Bernal obituary, the Guardian, 21 June 2013, accessed 4 June 2015]</ref> He was educated at [[dartington Hall#Dartington Hall School|Dartington Hall School]] and then at [[King's College, Cambridge]], where he was awarded a degree in 1961 with first-class Honours in the Oriental Studies [[Tripos]].<ref name="Cornell">{{cite web|url=http://www.arts.cornell.edu/nes/people/bernal.html |title=CV |publisher =Cornell University | accessdate = 12 February 2009 }}</ref> At that time he specialised in the language and history of China, and spent some time at the [[Peking University]]. He carried on as a graduate student at Cambridge, and with the assistance of the [[Harkness Fellowship|Harkness Commonwealth Fellowship]] also at [[University of California, Berkeley]] and [[Harvard University]], finishing his PhD in Cambridge in 1965 with thesis titled ''Chinese Socialism to 1913'' when he was elected a [[fellow]] at King's.<ref name="Cornell"/>
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