Editing Mastitis (section)

==Types==
When it occurs in breastfeeding mothers, it is known as '''puerperal mastitis''', '''lactation mastitis''', or '''lactational mastitis'''. When it occurs in non breastfeeding women it is known as '''non-puerperal''' or '''non-lactational mastitis'''. Mastitis can, in rare cases, occur in men. [[Inflammatory breast cancer]] has symptoms very similar to mastitis and must be ruled out.

The symptoms are similar for puerperal and nonpuerperal mastitis but predisposing factors and treatment can be very different.

===Pregnancy related===

[[File:Ultrasound Scan ND 115254 1204420 cr.png|thumb|An ultrasound image of puerperal mastitis]]

Puerperal mastitis is the inflammation of the breast in connection with pregnancy, [[breastfeeding]] or weaning. Since one of the most prominent symptoms is tension and engorgement of the breast, it is thought to be caused by blocked [[Lactiferous duct|milk ducts]] or milk excess. It is relatively common; estimates range depending on methodology between 5–33%. However, only about 0.4–0.5% of breastfeeding mothers develop an abscess.<ref name=":0" />

Some predisposing factors are known but their predictive value is minimal. It appears that proper breastfeeding technique, frequent breastfeeding and avoidance of stress are the most important factors that can be influenced.

Light cases of mastitis are often called [[breast engorgement]]; the distinction is overlapping and possibly arbitrary or subject to regional variations.

===Non-pregnancy related===
{{Main|Nonpuerperal mastitis}}
The term nonpuerperal mastitis describes inflammatory lesions of the breast occurring unrelated to pregnancy and breastfeeding. This article includes description of mastitis as well as various kinds of mammary abscesses. Skin related conditions like dermatitis and foliculitis are a separate entity.

Names for non-puerperal mastitis are not used very consistently and include mastitis, subareolar abscess, duct ectasia, periductal inflammation, [[Zuska's disease]] and others.

Periductal mastitis is a form of nonlactational mastitis, and is characterized by inflammation of the subareolar ducts. Although the cause of periductal mastitis is currently unknown, it is predicted that smoking may be related. This condition is mainly seen in young women but can also be seen in men.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nonlactational-mastitis-in-adults|title=Nonlactational mastitis in adults| vauthors = Dixon JM, Pariser KM  |website=UpToDate|access-date=2019-08-02}}</ref>