Editing Mobile payment (section)

== Models ==
There are four primary models for mobile payments:<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Laetitia|last1=Chaix|first2=Dominique|last2=Torre|title=Four models for mobile payments|url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.460.10|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319081623/https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.460.10|archive-date=19 March 2022|publisher=[[Pennsylvania State University]]|citeseerx=10.1.1.460.10|access-date=11 January 2011}}</ref>

* Bank-centric model
* Operator-centric model
* Collaborative model
* Independent service provider (ISP) model

In models connected to a bank or operator, a [[bank]]/operator is the central node of the model, manages the transactions and distributes the property rights. In collaborative model, the financial intermediaries and telephonic operators collaborate in the managing tasks and share cooperatively the proprietary rights. In ISP model, a third party of confidence operates as an independent and "neutral" intermediary between financial
agents and operators. [[Apple Pay]] or [[PayPal]] are the providers the most frequently associated to this model.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}

There can also be combinations of two models.

* Operator/bank co-operation, emerging in Haiti.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gsma.com/mobilefordevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Haiti-Mobile-Money.pdf|title=HAITI MOBILE MONEY|date=2012|website=GSMA|access-date=15 June 2023|archive-date=2 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302171831/https://www.gsma.com/mobilefordevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Haiti-Mobile-Money.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Financial institution]]s and [[credit card]] companies<ref>{{cite web|url=http://papers.duckdns.org/files/2004_COMSOC-SURVEYS.pdf |title=Stamatis Karnouskos, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 44–66, 2004. }}</ref> as well as Internet companies such as [[Google]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thinslices.com/blog/mobile-payment-apps-a-fresh-perspective-on-online-finances/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228012331/http://www.thinslices.com/blog/mobile-payment-apps-a-fresh-perspective-on-online-finances/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-02-28|title=Mobile payment apps – a fresh perspective on online finances|date=February 2014}}</ref> and a number of [[mobile communication]] companies, such as [[mobile network operators]] and major [[Telecommunications network|telecommunications infrastructure]] such as w-HA from Orange and smartphone [[Multinational corporation|multinationals]] such as [[Ericsson]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ericsson-idUKLDE71128320110202 |title=Ericsson launches mobile phone banking services |publisher=Reuters.com |access-date=2012-12-16 |archive-date=18 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618205419/https://www.reuters.com/article/ericsson-idUKLDE71128320110202 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ericsson.com/news/110608_money_244188810_c |title=Ericsson Money Services brings connected mobile money to Europe |publisher=Ericsson.com |access-date=2012-12-16 |archive-date=15 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175549/https://www.ericsson.com/news/110608_money_244188810_c |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[BlackBerry Limited|BlackBerry]] have implemented mobile payment solutions.