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Moraceae
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==Description== ===Overall=== The family varies from colossal trees like the Indian Banyan (''[[Ficus benghalensis]]'') which can cover five acres (two hectares) of ground, to ''[[Dorstenia barnimiana]]'' which is a small stemless, bulbous [[succulent]] 2β5 cm in diameter that produces a single [[peltate]] leaf on a 4β15 cm [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]. These two species have an approximately one billion fold difference in weight.<ref>{{cite book | last= Andrews | first= F.W. D.Sc. | date= 1952 | title= The Flowering Plants of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan β Volume 2 | location= Arbroath, Scotland | publisher= T. Buncle and Co.| page= 260}}</ref><ref>Thulin, M. et al. (2008). Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1β4 https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS</ref> ===Flowers=== The individual flowers are often small, with single whorled or absent [[perianth]]. Most flowers have either petals or sepals, but not both, known as [[monochlamydeae]], and have pistils and stamens in different flowers, known as [[diclinous]]. Except for ''[[Brosimum gaudichaudii]]'' and ''[[Castilla elastica]]'', the perianth in all species of the Moraceae contain sepals. If the flower has an inflexed stamen, then pollen is released and distributed by wind dispersal; however, if the stamen is straight, then insect pollination is most likely to occur. Insect pollination occurs in ''[[Antiaropsis]]'', ''[[Artocarpus]]'', ''[[Castilla (plant)|Castilla]]'', ''[[Dorstenia]]'', ''[[Ficus]]'', and ''[[Mesogyne]]''.<ref name="Leite, Mansano, Teixeira">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leite VG, Mansano VF, Teixeira SP | year = 2018 | title = Floral Development of Moraceae species with emphasis on the perianth and androecium | journal = Flora| volume = 240 | issue = Flora | pages = 116β132 | doi = 10.1016/j.flora.2018.01.009| doi-access = | bibcode = 2018FMDFE.240..116L }}</ref> ===Leaves=== The leaves are much like the flowers when analyzing diversity. The leaves can be singly attached to the stem or alternating, they may be lobed or unlobed, and can be evergreen or deciduous depending on the species in question.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} The [[red mulberry]] can host numerous leaf types on the same tree. Leaves can be both lobed and unlobed and appear very different, but coexist on the same plant.<ref name = "TWC Staff">{{cite web | author = TWC Staff | year = 2018 | title = Morus rubra (Red Mulberry) | website = Wildflower.org | url = https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=moru2}}</ref> ===Fruits and seeds=== Plant species in the Moraceae are best known for their fruits. Overall, most species produced a fleshy fruit containing seeds. Examples include the [[breadfruit]] from ''Artocarpus altilis'', the [[mulberry]] from ''Morus rubra'', the [[fig]] from ''Ficus carica'', and the [[jackfruit]] from ''Artocarpus heterophyllus''.<ref name="Datwyler"/><ref name="Clement">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clement WL, Weiblen GD | year = 2009 | title = Morphological evolution in the mulberry family (Moraceae) | journal = [[Systematic Botany]] | volume = 34 | issue = 3 | pages = 530β552 | doi = 10.1600/036364409789271155| bibcode = 2009SysBo..34..530C | s2cid = 85680800 }}</ref>
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