Editing Mount Nyiragongo (section)

==Geology==
[[File:Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira - PIA03337.png|thumb|left|upright=1.45|Nyamuragira (left) and Nyiragongo (right). Vertical scale exaggerated (1.5×).]]
The volcano partly overlaps with two older volcanoes, Baruta and Shaheru, and is also surrounded by hundreds of small volcanic cinder cones from flank eruptions.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}

Nyiragongo's cone consists of [[Pyroclastic rock|pyroclastics]] and lava flows.<ref name="Sahama-1978">{{Cite book|last=Sahama |first=Thure Georg |year=1978 |title=The Nyiragongo main cone |series=Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique: Annales – Serie in 8° – Sciences Géologiques, volume 81 |publisher=Royal Museum for Central Africa / Musée Royale de l'Afrique Centrale |location=Tervuren, Belgium |language=en |oclc=434026615}}</ref> Nyiragongo's lavas are low-silica, alkali-rich, [[ultramafic]] [[extrusive rock]]s essentially free of [[feldspar]]s. They range from olivine-rich melilitites through leucites to [[nephelinite]]s, containing, in various proportions mainly the minerals [[nepheline]], [[leucite]], [[melilite]], [[kalsilite]], and [[clinopyroxene]].<ref name="Sahama-1978" /><ref name="Sahama-1962">{{Cite journal|last=Sahama |first=Thure Georg |year=1962 |title=Petrology of Mt. Nyiragongo: a review |journal=Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–28 |doi=10.1144/transed.19.1.1 |s2cid=130469613 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Andersen |first1=Tom |last2=Elburg |first2=Marlina |last3=Erambert |first3=Muriel |year=2012 |title=Petrology of combeite-and götzenite-bearing nephelinite at Nyiragongo, Virunga Volcanic Province in the East African Rift |journal=[[Lithos (journal)|Lithos]] |volume=152 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1016/j.lithos.2012.04.018 |bibcode=2012Litho.152..105A |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marlina_Elburg/post/Can_any_one_provide_thin_section_photographs_of_melilite_bearing_lamprophyre_or_alnoite/attachment/59d63a91c49f478072ea6b5d/AS:273732176678912@1442274245909/download/Andersen_Nyiragongo_paper.pdf }}</ref> This very low silica composition results in eruptions with  unusually [[fluid]] flows. Whereas most [[lava flow]]s move rather slowly and rarely pose a danger to human life, Nyiragongo's lava flows may race downhill at up to {{convert|100|km/h|abbr=on|-1}}.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Baxter|first=Peter J|date=February 18, 2002|title=ERUPTION AT NYIRAGONGO VOLCANO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 17-18 JANUARY 2002|url=http://www.who.int/disasters/repo/7658.doc|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=}}</ref>