Editing Mount Washington (section)

==History==
{{stack|[[File:Summit of Mt. Washington and Glen House Stage, by Kilburn Brothers.png|thumb|200px|[[Stereoscopic]] photograph of the summit of Mount Washington and the [[Glen House]] [[stage coach]] by [[Kilburn Brothers]] (circa 1872). The cog railway line is visible in the background along with the Summit House atop the peak.]]}}
Before European settlers arrived in the region, the mountain was known by various indigenous peoples as ''Kodaak Wadjo'' ("the top is so hidden" or "summit of the highest mountain") or ''Agiochook'' or ''Agiocochook'' ("the place of the [[Great Spirit]]" or "the place of the Concealed One").<ref name="Piotrowski">''The Indian Heritage of New Hampshire and Northern New England'' (ed. Thaddeus Piotrowski), McFarland & Company: 2002, p. 182.</ref> The [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquians]] called the summit ''Waumbik'', "white rocks".<ref name="Piotrowski" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Heald|first=Bruce D.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1099036399|title=The mount washington cog railway|date=2011|publisher=The History Press|others=Hoopla digital|isbn=978-1-61423-839-3|location=[United States]|oclc=1099036399}}</ref> The [[Abenaki|Abenaki people]] inhabiting the region at the time of European contact believed that the tops of mountains were the dwelling place of the gods and did not climb them out of religious deference to their sanctity.<ref name=":0" />

In 1524, [[Giovanni da Verrazzano]] became the first European to mention the mountain. Viewing it from the [[Atlantic Ocean]], he described what he saw as "high interior mountains".<ref name=northward>{{cite book |last=Ford |first=Daniel |date=2010 |title=The Country Northward: A Hiker's Journal, on the Trail in the White Mountains of New Hampshire |isbn=978-1-4528-3092-6 |page=111}}</ref>

In 1642, [[Darby Field]] claimed to have made the first ascent of Mount Washington.<ref name=DarbyField>{{cite book |last=Johnson |first=Christopher |date=2006 |title=This Grand & Magnificent Place: The Wilderness Heritage of the White Mountains |publisher=[[University Press of New England|UPNE]] |isbn=978-1-58465-461-2 |page=22}}</ref> Field climbed the mountain in June of that year to demonstrate to the Abenaki chief [[Passaconaway]] that the Europeans bargaining for tribal land were not subject to the gods believed to inhabit the summit, a primarily political move that facilitated colonists' northern expansion.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Howe |first=Nicholas |date=2009 |title=Not Without Peril: 150 Years of Misadventure on the Presidential Range of New Hampshire |publisher=Appalachian Mountain Club |location=Guilford, Connecticut |isbn=978-1-934028-32-2 |page=2}}</ref> Field again summited Agiocochook in October 1642 on an early surveying expedition that created maps of land as far as [[Maine]], which allowed people from the Massachusetts colony to identify arable coastal areas.<ref name=":0" />

The earliest known map to display the name, Mount Washington, was published in 1796.<ref>Lawrence Martin, “Who Named Mount Washington?” ''Geographical Review'', Apr., Vol. 28, No. 2 (April, 1938), pp. 303-305.</ref> A 1784 geology party, headed by [[Manasseh Cutler]], may have first named the mountain.<ref name="Atkinson">Condensed Facts About Mount Washington, Atkinson News Co., 1912.</ref> 

In 1819, the [[Crawford Path]] was established from [[Crawford Notch]] to the summit. It is the oldest continuously maintained [[trail|hiking path]] in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Staff|title=Crawford Path Trailhead (Rte 302)|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/whitemountain/recarea/?recid=74607|access-date=2020-07-23|website=White Mountain National Forest|archive-date=July 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724051123/https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/whitemountain/recarea/?recid=74607|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Crawford family of the White Mountains|Abel Crawford]] led a group that included several [[Harvard University|Harvard]] students on the first recorded ascent of the path on September 10, 1819. Among them were [[Samuel Joseph May]], [[George B. Emerson]], [[Samuel E. Sewall]], [[Caleb Cushing]], [[Joseph Coolidge]], [[William Ware]] and Joseph G. Moody.<ref name="Ramble On: How Hiking Became One of the Most Popular Outdoor Activities in the World">Doran, Jeffrey J. (2023), ''Ramble On: How Hiking Became One of the Most Popular Outdoor Activities in the World'', {{ISBN|979-8373963923}}</ref>

On August 31, 1821, Eliza, Harriet, and Abigail Austin, three sisters from [[Jefferson, New Hampshire]], became the first White women to set foot atop Mount Washington. This was likely the first significant mountain to be climbed by any Euro-American females in the United States.<ref name="Ramble On: How Hiking Became One of the Most Popular Outdoor Activities in the World"/>

In 1821, [[Abel Crawford|Ethan Allen Crawford]] built a house on the summit. The house lasted until a storm in 1826.<ref name="Atkinson" />

{{stack|[[Image:The Summit House, Mount Washington, NH.jpg|thumb|The second Summit House (1904)]]}}
Little occurred on the summit itself until the mid-19th century, when it was developed into one of the first [[Tourist attractions in the United States|tourist destination]]s in the nation, with construction of more bridle paths and two hotels. The Summit House opened in 1852, a {{convert|64|ft|m|adj=mid|-long}} stone hotel anchored by four heavy chains over its roof. In 1853, the [[Tip-Top House]] was erected to compete. Rebuilt of wood with 91 rooms in 1872–1873, the Summit House burned in 1908, then was replaced in [[granite]] in 1915.<ref name="Atkinson" /> The Tip-Top House alone survived the fire; today it is a state historic site, recently renovated for exhibits. Other [[Victorian era]] tourist attractions include a [[stagecoach|coach]] road (1861)—now the [[Mount Washington Auto Road]]—and the [[Mount Washington Cog Railway]] (1869), both of which are still in operation.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burt |first=Frank H. |date=1906 |title=Mount Washington: A Handbook for Travellers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wxIuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA24 |edition=3rd |publisher=G. H. Ellis Company |access-date=2010-11-13 |archive-date=June 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607083516/https://books.google.com/books?id=wxIuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA24 |url-status=live }}</ref>

For forty years, until 1917, an intermittent daily newspaper, called ''Among the Clouds'', was published by Henry M. Burt at the summit each summer.<ref name=chronicling>{{cite web |title=About Among the clouds. (Mount Washington, N.H.) 1885–1917 |website=Chronicling America |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/ca05000846/ |access-date=2015-02-12 |archive-date=February 12, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212142430/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/ca05000846/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="bruceheald3">{{cite book |last=Heald |first=Bruce D. |date=2011 |title=The Mount Washington Cog Railway: Climbing the White Mountains of New Hampshire |publisher=The History Press |isbn=978-1-60949-196-3 |page=74}}</ref>

In 2011 and 2012, [[Orlando, Florida]]–based [[CNL Financial Group]], which at the time operated the [[Mount Washington Hotel]] at the foot of the mountain, [[trademark]]ed the "Mount Washington" name when used with a resort or hotel. CNL officials said they were directing their efforts only against hotels and not the numerous businesses in the area that use the name.<ref>{{cite web |date=2010-11-12 |title=Hotel Owners Say Concerns Over Mount Washington Name Overblown |publisher=[[WMUR-TV]], Manchester |url=http://www.wmur.com/r/25776429/detail.html |access-date=2010-11-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313190014/http://www.wmur.com/r/25776429/detail.html |archive-date=2012-03-13 }}</ref> CNL's application at the [[United States Patent and Trademark Office|U.S. Patent and Trademark Office]] seeks registration of the trademark "Mount Washington" for any retail service, any restaurant service, and any entertainment service.<ref>U.S. Trademark Applications Serial Nos. 76690738, 76690735 and 76690740</ref>