Editing Neo-Byzantine architecture (section)

==Russian Empire==
{{main|Neo-Byzantine architecture in the Russian Empire}}
[[Sophia Cathedral]] in [[Pushkin (town)|Pushkin]] (1782–1788) was the earliest and isolated experiment with Byzantine treatment of otherwise [[neoclassicism|neoclassical]] structures. In 1830s [[Nicholas I of Russia]] promoted the so-called ''Russo-Byzantine'' style of churches designed by [[Konstantin Thon]]. Nicholas I despised true Byzantine art; Thon's style in fact had little common with it. Notably, Thon routinely replaced the circular Byzantine arch with a [[keel]]-shaped [[gable]], and the hemispherical Byzantine dome with an [[onion dome]]; layout and structural scheme of his churches clearly belonged to neoclassical standard.

True Byzantine art, popularized by [[Grigory Gagarin]] and [[David Grimm (architect)|David Grimm]], was adopted by [[Alexander II of Russia]] as the de facto official style of the Orthodox Church. Byzantine architecture became a vehicle of Orthodox expansion on the frontiers of Empire ([[Congress Poland]], [[Crimea]], the [[Caucasus]]). However, few buildings were completed in the reign of Alexander II due to financial troubles. [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]] changed state preference in favor of [[Russian Revival]] trend based on 16th–17th century [[Moscow]] and [[Yaroslavl]] tradition, yet Byzantine architecture remained a common choice, especially for large cathedrals. Neo-Byzantine cathedrals concentrated in the western provinces (Poland, Lithuania), the Army bases in Caucasus and [[Central Asia]], the [[Cossack host]]s and the industrial region in [[Urals]] around the city of [[Perm, Russia|Perm]]. Architects [[David Grimm (architect)|David Grimm]] and [[Vasily Kosyakov]] developed a unique national type of a single-dome Byzantine cathedral with four symmetrical [[pendentive]] apses that became the de facto standard in the 1880s–1890s.

The reign of [[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II]] was notable for the architect's turn from this standard back to [[Hagia Sophia]] legacy, peaking in the [[Naval Cathedral in Kronstadt]] and [[Poti]] cathedral. These designs employed [[reinforced concrete]] that allowed very fast construction schedule; their interiors contained clear references to contemporary [[Art Nouveau]] yet the exteriors were a clear homage to medieval Constantinople. Russian Neo-Byzantine tradition was terminated by the [[Russian Revolution of 1917]] but was continued by emigrant architects in [[Yugoslavia]] and [[Harbin]].

<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
File:Морской Никольский собор в Кронштадте 2018.jpg|[[Naval Cathedral in Kronstadt|Naval Cathedral]], [[Kronstadt]]
File:Saint Petersburg, Russia (33784600548).jpg|The Kazan church, [[Novodevichy Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)|Novodevichy Cemetery]], [[St. Petersburg]]
File:Иоанновский монастырь.jpg|[[Ioannovsky Convent]], St. Petersburg
File:Novosibirsk ANevsky Cathedral 07-2016 img1.jpg|[[Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Novosibirsk]]
File:Novocherkassk Cathedral (2017).jpg|[[Novocherkassk Cathedral]]
File:Krestovosdvizenskiy sobor.JPG|Exaltation of the Cross Cathedral at St. Nicholas Monastery, [[Verkhoturye]]
File:Kharkov002.jpg|[[Annunciation Cathedral, Kharkiv]]
File:Sevastopol 04-14 img09 Vladimir Cathedral.jpg|[[St. Vladimir's Cathedral, Sevastopol]]
File:Церква Воскресіння Христового6.JPG|[[Foros Church]]
File:2014 Nowy Aton, Monaster Nowy Athos (06).jpg|[[New Athos Monastery]], [[New Afon]]
File:St. Volodymyr's Cathedral in Kiev.jpg|[[St Volodymyr's Cathedral]], [[Kyiv]]
File:Pareizticigo Kristus dzimšanas Rigas katedrale.jpeg|[[Nativity Cathedral, Riga]]
File:Kauno soboras. 2007-04-06.jpg|[[St. Michael the Archangel Church, Kaunas]]
File:Narva_asv2022-04_img03_Resurrection_Church.jpg|[[Resurrection of Christ Cathedral, Narva|Church of the Resurrection of the Lord]], [[Narva]]
File:Znamenskaya cerkov Vilnius.JPG|The church of the [[Theotokos]] [[Orans]] ([[Our Lady of the Sign Church, Vilnius|Our Lady of the Sign]]), [[Vilnius]]
File:Cerkiew prawosławna w Białowieży 02.jpg|The Orthodox Church in [[Białowieża]]
File:Cerkiew Aleksandra Newskiego w Łodzi.jpg|[[Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Łódź|Alexander Nevsky Cathedral]], [[Łódź]]
File:Poti Cathedral (Photo A. Muhranoff, 2011)-1.jpg|[[Poti Cathedral]]
File:Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Tbilisi_(ტფილისის_სამხედრო_ტაძარი).jpg|[[Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Tiflis]]
</gallery>