Editing Neo-expressionism (section)

==Critical reception==
Neo-expressionism dominated the art market until the mid-1980s.<ref>Graham Thompson,''American Culture in the 1980s'', Edinburgh University Press, 2007, p. 70</ref> The style emerged internationally and was viewed by many  critics, such as [[Achille Bonito Oliva]] and [[Donald Kuspit]], as a revival of traditional themes of self-expression in European art after decades of American dominance. The social and economic value of the movement was hotly debated.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Kurczynski|first=Karen|title=Neo-Expressionism in America|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T2090601|website=Grove Art Online|date=2011 |doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T2090601 }}</ref> From the point of view of the history of [[Modern Art]], art critic [[Robert Hughes (critic)|Robert Hughes]] dismissed neo-expressionist painting as retrograde, as a failure of radical imagination, and as a lamentable capitulation to the [[art market]].<ref>Graham Thompson,''American Culture in the 1980s'', Edinburgh University Press, 2007, p. 71</ref>

Critics such as [[Benjamin Buchloh]], [[Hal Foster (art critic)|Hal Foster]], [[Craig Owens (critic)|Craig Owens]], and [[Mira Schor]] were highly critical of its relation to the marketability of painting on the rapidly expanding art market, celebrity, the [[anti-feminism|backlash against feminism]], [[anti-intellectualism]], and a return to mythic subjects and individualist methods they deemed outmoded.<ref>Graham Thompson,''American Culture in the 1980s'', Edinburgh University Press, 2007, p. 30</ref><ref name=":0" /> Women were notoriously marginalized in the movement,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cohen|first=Alina|date=2019-03-01|title=The Bad Boy Artists of the 1980s Owe a Debt to Their Feminist Predecessors|url=https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-bad-boy-artists-1980s-owe-debt-feminist-predecessors|access-date=2021-05-07|website=Artsy|language=en}}</ref> and painters such as [[Elizabeth Murray (artist)|Elizabeth Murray]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jones|first=Amelia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FLUNei9i-RcC&q=%22A+new+Spirit+in+painting%22+%22Elizabeth+Murray%22&pg=PA97|title=A Companion to Contemporary Art Since 1945|date=2009-02-09|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-4051-5235-8|language=en}}</ref> and [[Maria Lassnig]] were omitted from many of its key exhibitions, most notoriously the 1981 ''New Spirit in Painting'' exhibition in London which included 38 male painters but no female painters.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A New Spirit of Painting makes a comeback (with one woman artist this time)|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/blog/a-new-spirit-of-painting-makes-a-comeback-one-woman-artist|access-date=2021-05-06|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=3 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref>