Editing Neve Yaakov (section)

==History==
[[File:בדרך אל נקודת השמירה בנוה-יעקב-JNF011702.jpeg|thumb|Neve Yaakov 1938]]
[[File:נוה יעקב - מראה-JNF011700.jpeg|thumb|Neve Yaakov 1938]]

Neve Yaakov was established in 1924 on a {{convert|65|dunam}}<ref name="Yossi">{{cite web |url=http://musaf-shabbat.com/2011/07/28/כפר-עברי-ראשון-בהרי-ירושלים-יוסי-שפניי/ |script-title=he:כפר עברי ראשון בהרי ירושלים |language=he |trans-title=Kfar Ivri, The First in the Jerusalem Hills |first=Yossi |last=Shpinner |date=29 July 2011 |access-date=7 May 2012|work=[[Makor Rishon]]}}</ref> parcel of land purchased from Arabs from nearby [[Beit Hanina]] by members of the American [[Mizrachi (religious Zionism)|Mizrachi]] movement.<ref name="guide">Hall, J. ''How "HaKfar HaIvri" Became "Rechov Kfar Ivri"''. ''Shiras Devorah'': Neshei Neve Yaakov newsletter for English-speaking women, Vol. 1, No. 4, Kislev 5759 (December 1998), pp. 15-17.</ref> HaKfar HaIvri Neve Yaakov (The Jewish Village of Neve Yaakov) was named for the leader of the movement, Rabbi [[Yitzchak Yaacov Reines]] (1839–1915).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mizrachi.org/elearning/View_history.asp?id=126 |title=Rav Jacob Reines (1839–1915) |publisher=World Mizrachi Movement |year=2001 |access-date=25 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727090750/http://www.mizrachi.org/elearning/View_history.asp?id=126 |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> It was an hour's walk to the [[Old City (Jerusalem)|Old City]], where most Jews of Jerusalem lived at the time. Until they were abandoned in 1948, Neve Yaakov and [[Atarot]] were the only Jewish settlements north of the Old City.<ref name="guide" />

The first houses were ready for occupancy in the summer of 1925. The village's [[rav]], Rabbi Yitzchak Avigdor Orenstein, ruled that new homeowners could move into their homes even during [[The Nine Days]], saying that the [[mitzvah]] of settling the [[Land of Israel]] overrode the laws of the mourning period. Rabbi Orenstein himself moved into his new house during The Nine Days, while village administrator Dov Brinker moved his furniture and belongings into his new house on [[Tisha B'Av]] itself.<ref name="Yossi"/>

The village, home to 150 families, suffered from financial problems and lack of a regular water supply. After years of hauling water in buckets from a well six kilometers away, the village received a government water pipeline in 1935. Electricity was hooked up in 1939.<ref name="guide" />

After years of peaceful co-existence with the surrounding Arab villagers, from whom they purchased vegetables, fruit and eggs, the inhabitants of Neve Yaakov were attacked during the [[1929 Palestine riots]], and many families returned to the Old City. According to a [[1931 census of Palestine|census]] conducted in 1931 by the [[Mandate for Palestine|British Mandate authorities]], Neve Yaakov had a population of 101 inhabitants, in 20 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas   42]</ref> In the course of the [[1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine]], shots were heard from the Arab side almost every night. The [[Mandate for Palestine|British Mandate]] government supplied a cache of arms to defend Neve Yaakov, and members of the Zionist [[Haganah]] pre-state army moved in to guard the village and its water pipeline.<ref name="guide" />

During the peaceful years from 1940 to 1947, the village operated a school that accepted students from all over the country. Children's summer camps and convalescent facilities were opened, taking advantage of the rural atmosphere and fresh air. Veteran  Jerusalem residents remember hiking to Neve Yaakov to buy fresh milk from dairy farmers.<ref name="guide" />

During the last months of the British Mandate, snipers in Neve Yaakov shot at traffic on the Jerusalem/Ramallah road. In March 1948 the British Army introduced convoys to protect travellers.<ref>Hurnard, Hannah (1997) ''Watchmen on the Walls. An Eyewitness Account of Israel's Fight for Independence from the Journal of Hannah Hurnard.'' CMJ. {{ISBN|0-8054-1399-5}}. pp 45,46,51,58</ref>

When the [[Jordan]]ian [[Arab Legion]] advanced toward Jerusalem from the north during the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]], Neve Yaakov and Atarot were abandoned in the wake of advance warning that they were about to be attacked.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ajhs.org/scholarship/chapters/chapter.cfm?documentID=285 |title=American Newlyweds in Israel, 1948 |date=11 April 2011 |access-date=25 April 2011 |publisher=[[American Jewish Historical Society]] |archive-date=29 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429081018/http://www.ajhs.org/scholarship/chapters/chapter.cfm?documentID=285 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="JVLAtarot">>[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0002_0_01543.html  Encyclopedia Judaica (2008), ''Atarot'', via Jewish Virtual Library]</ref> Atarot was abandoned on May 17, 1948.<ref name="JVLAtarot"/> The region was occupied by the Jordanians until the 1967 [[Six-Day War]], when Israel captured the Old City and its surroundings.<ref name="guide" />

On 27 January 2023, a Palestinian assailant killed seven Israelis in a [[2023 Neve Yaakov shooting|shooting in Neve Yaakov]].<ref>{{cite news |date=28 January 2023 |title=Jerusalem synagogue attack: Seven killed in shooting |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-64430491 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=28 January 2023}}</ref>
[[File:Petrie Park, Neve Yaakov.jpg|225px|right|thumb|Petrie Park in Neve Yaakov]]
According to [[Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem|ARIJ]], Israel has confiscated land from three nearby [[Palestinians|Palestinian]] communities in order to re-establish Neve Yaakov:
*551 dunams from [[Beit Hanina]],<ref name =ARIJHanina14>[http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/beithanina.pdf Beit Hanina Town Profile], ARIJ, 2012, pp. 13-14</ref>
*385 dunams from [[Hizma]],<ref name=ARIJHizma17>[http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/Hizma_EN.pdf Hizma Village Profile], ARIJ, 2012, p. 17</ref>
*315 dunums from [[Al-Ram]].<ref name=ARIJRam19>[http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/Ar%20Ram_EN.pdf Ar Ram Town Profile], ARIJ, 2012, p. 19</ref>

In August 1970 3,500 acres of privately owned and titled Palestinian land was confiscated for "public purposes". On this land, four residential colonies were established including Neve Yaakov with 4,000 apartments.<ref name=IM1983>{{cite journal|last=Mattar|first=Ibrahim|title=From Palestinian to Israeli: Jerusalem 1948-1982|journal=Journal of Palestine Studies|date=Summer 1983|volume=12|issue=4|pages=57–63|doi=10.2307/2536245|jstor=2536245}}</ref> In 1972, a new Israeli neighborhood was constructed on the site of the original village, with 4,900 apartments in [[high-rise]] buildings.<ref name="guide" /> The new neighborhood was populated by Jewish [[immigrant]]s from [[Bukhara]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Latin America]], [[North Africa]], [[France]] and [[Iran]]. In the 1990s, when large waves of [[Russia]]n and [[Ethiopia]]n Jews came to Israel, many settled in Neve Yaakov.<ref name="guide" />

In October 1971, Rabbi [[Meir Kahane]] presented the Minister of Immigrant Absorption, [[Natan Peled]], a memo detailing plans for a community for [[American Jews]] in Neve Yaakov.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kahane|first1=Libby|title=Rabbi Meir Kahane: His Life and Thought Volume One 1932-1975|date=2008|publisher=Urim Publishers|location=Israel|isbn=978-965-524-008-5|page=229}}</ref>