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==History== In [[ancient Rome]], newsletters were exchanged between [[government official|officials]] or [[friend]]s.<ref name="Britannica" /> By the Middle Ages, they were exchanged between [[merchant family|merchant families]].<ref name="Britannica" /> Trader's newsletters covered various topics such as the availability and pricing of goods, political news, and other events that would influence trade.<ref name="Britannica" /> These commercial newsletters were in effect, the first "serious" outlet for news publishing, from which evolved [[newspaper]]s.<ref name="Britannica" /> The first full "newspaper" was ''[[Relation of Strasbourg]]'', printed in 1609 by [[Johann Carolus]]. Many rivals soon followed, such as the German ''[[Avisa Relation oder Zeitung]]'' and the Dutch ''[[Nieuwe Tijdingen]]''.<ref name="Britannica" /> By the end of the 17th century, several newspapers were established all across Europe, and were often translated into other languages.<ref name="Britannica" /> By the late 17th century, several governments were [[Censorship|censoring]] newspapers, which harmed their development.<ref name="Britannica" /> Wars, like the [[Thirty Years' War]], also imposed restrictions on trade, which could lead to shortage of paper in addition to censorship.<ref name="Britannica" /> Government censorship remains in effect in several countries to this day, although several countries now have laws guaranteeing [[freedom of the press]]. ===Modernity=== Modern newsletters are usually created and distributed electronically by companies, organizations or individuals. Newsletter marketing is a form of [[direct-to-consumer advertising]]. This is used by companies that want to send information directly to potential and existing customers.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bigcommerce.ca/ecommerce-answers/what-is-newsletter-marketing |title = What is newsletter marketing and why it's important for ecommerce}}</ref> When received unsolicited, they can be seen as [[Spamming|spam]]. Newsletters are also used by organizations to inform their members of ongoing developments.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://smallbusiness.chron.com/editorial-policies-organizational-newsletters-80130.html |title = Editorial Policies for Organizational Newsletters}}</ref> Writing and distributing personal newsletters by individuals can be observed since the late 2010s in the advent of [[social networking service| social networking services]]. Due to the way the algorithms on such services work, followers may not see the updates someone posts.
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