Editing Nicholas Wiseman (section)

==Early life==
[[File:Casa fabiola 2017001.jpg|thumb|Birthplace of Cardinal Wiseman, 5 Calle Fabiola, Seville, Spain.]]
Wiseman was born in [[Seville]] on 2 February 1802, the younger son of merchant James Wiseman and his second wife, Xaviera (née Strange), of [[Waterford, Ireland]], who had settled in Spain for business.<ref>{{cite ODNB | url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-29791 | doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/29791 | title=The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | date=2004 }}</ref><ref name="cathen">{{harvnb|Hunter-Blair|1912}}</ref> On his father's death in 1805, he was brought to his parents' home in [[Waterford]]. In 1810, he was sent to [[Ushaw College]], near [[Durham, England|Durham]], where he was educated until the age of sixteen.{{sfn|Hutton|1911|p=752}} Wiseman would later recall that [[John Lingard]], Vice-President of the college at the time, showed the quiet, retiring boy much kindness. In 1818, Wiseman proceeded to the [[English College in Rome]], which had reopened in 1818 after being closed by the [[Napoleonic Wars]] for twenty years. He graduated with a [[Doctor of Theology|doctorate of theology]] with distinction in July 1824, and was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] to the priesthood 10 March 1825.<ref name=fothergill/>

He was appointed [[vice-rector]] of the English College in 1827, and [[Rector (academia)|rector]] in 1828, although he was not yet twenty-six years of age. He had this office until 1840. From the first a devoted student and scholar of antiquity, he devoted much time to the examination of [[Oriental]] manuscripts in the [[Vatican library]], and a first volume, entitled ''Horae Syriacae'', published in 1827, showed that he had promise as a good scholar.<ref name=cathen/>{{sfn|Hutton|1911|p=752}}

[[Pope Leo XII]] (r. 1823–1829) appointed him [[curator]] of the [[Arabic language|Arabic]] manuscripts in the Vatican, and professor of [[Oriental languages]] in the Roman University. His academic life was, however, interrupted by the pope's command to preach to English residents of Rome. A course of his lectures, ''On the Connexion between Science and Revealed Religion'', attracted much attention. His general thesis was that whereas scientific teaching had repeatedly been thought to disprove Christian doctrine, further investigation has shown that reconciliation is possible.{{sfn|Hutton|1911|p=752}} It is much to Wiseman's credit that his lectures on the [[relationship between religion and science]] were approved by a critic as stern as [[Andrew Dickson White]]. In his extremely influential ''[[A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom]]'', the primary contention of which was the [[conflict thesis]], White wrote that "it is a duty and a pleasure to state here that one great Christian scholar did honour to religion and to himself by quietly accepting the claims of science and making the best of them.... That man was Nicholas Wiseman, better known afterward as Cardinal Wiseman. The conduct of this pillar of the Church contrasts admirably with that of timid Protestants, who were filling England with shrieks and denunciations".<ref>{{harvnb|White|1896|pp=223–224}}</ref>