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Nikolai Berdyaev
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==Biography== Nikolai Berdyaev was born near [[Kiev]] in 1874 to an [[aristocratic]] [[military]] family.<ref>{{cite book |last=Nicolaus |first=Georg |title=C.G. Jung and Nikolai Berdyaev: Individuation and the Person: A Critical Comparison |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2011 |isbn=9780415493154 |chapter=Chapter 2 "Berdyaev’s life" |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306193608/http://tandfbis.s3.amazonaws.com/rt-media/pp/common/sample-chapters/9780415493161.pdf |access-date=16 October 2016 |archive-date=6 March 2016 |chapter-url=http://tandfbis.s3.amazonaws.com/rt-media/pp/common/sample-chapters/9780415493161.pdf }}</ref> His father, Alexander Mikhailovich Berdyaev, came from a long line of [[Russian nobility]]. Almost all of Alexander Mikhailovich's ancestors served as high-ranking military officers, but In the sixth grade, he left the cadet school and began studying for the matriculation exams for admission to the university. Nikolai's mother, Alina Sergeevna Berdyaeva, was half-French and came from the top levels of both French and Russian nobility. She also had [[Polish people|Polish]], [[Georgian people|Georgian]] and [[Tatar people|Tatar]] origins.<ref>Young, George M. (2012) ''The Russian Cosmists: The Esoteric Futurism of Nikolai Fedorov and His Followers'', Oxford University Press, p. 134. {{ISBN|978-0199892945}}</ref><ref>Berger, Stefan and Miller, Alexei (2015) ''Nationalizing Empires'', Central European University Press, p. 312. {{ISBN|978-9633860168}}</ref> [[File:Nikolay Berdyaev.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Nikolai Berdyaev in 1910]] [[File:Николай Бердяев.jpg|thumb|Nikolai Berdyaev in 1912]] Berdyaev decided on an intellectual career and entered the [[Kiev University]] in 1894. It was a time of revolutionary fervor among the students and the [[intelligentsia]]. He became a [[Marxism|Marxist]] for a period and was arrested in a student demonstration and expelled from the university. His involvement in illegal activities led in 1897 to three years of internal [[exile]] to [[Vologda]] in northern Russia.<ref name = "Markovic"/>{{rp|28}}
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