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Nitrate
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== Chemical structure == {{Citation needed section|date=April 2024}} [[File:Nitrate-ion-with-partial-charges-2D.png|thumb|150px|The nitrate ion with the partial charges shown]] The nitrate [[anion]] is the [[conjugate acid|conjugate base]] of [[nitric acid]], consisting of one central [[nitrogen]] [[atom]] surrounded by three identically bonded [[oxygen]] atoms in a [[trigonal planar]] arrangement. The nitrate ion carries a [[formal charge]] of β1.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} This charge results from a combination formal charge in which each of the three oxygens carries a β{{frac|2|3}} charge,{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} whereas the nitrogen carries a +1 charge, all these adding up to formal charge of the polyatomic nitrate ion.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} This arrangement is commonly used as an example of [[Resonance (chemistry)|resonance]]. Like the [[isoelectronic]] [[carbonate]] ion, the nitrate ion can be represented by three resonance structures: <div style="text-align: center">[[Image:Nitrate-ion-resonance-2D.png|400px|Canonical resonance structures for the nitrate ion]]</div>
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