Editing Nora Barnacle (section)

==Early life==
Barnacle was born in a [[Galway]] [[workhouse]] on 21 March 1884.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/birth_returns/births_1884/02698/1993624.pdf|title=General Registrar's Office|website=IrishGenealogy.ie|access-date=24 March 2017}}</ref> Her entry in the birth register, which gives her first name as "Norah" (the spelling she used until she met Joyce), is dated 22 March.<ref name="Maddox"/> Her father, Thomas Barnacle, a baker in [[Connemara]], was an illiterate man who was 38 years old when she was born. Her mother, Annie Honoria Healy, was 28 and worked as a dressmaker. The unusual surname Barnacle is derived from the Irish Ó Cadhain, usually anglicised as Coyne, Kyne, or Cohen or Coen. But in Irish, {{lang|ga|cadhan}} means "wild goose", and some families made the translation to Barnacle, after the [[barnacle goose]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/founding-feathers-frank-mcnally-on-the-surname-barnacle-and-other-irish-oddities-1.4811406 | title=Founding feathers – Frank McNally on the surname Barnacle and other Irish oddities | newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] }}</ref>

From 1886 to 1889, Barnacle's parents sent her to live with her maternal grandmother Catherine Mortimer Healy. During these years, she began studies at a convent, eventually graduating from a national school in 1891. In 1896, 12-year-old Barnacle completed her schooling and began to work as a porteress and laundress. In the same year, her mother threw her father out for drinking and the couple separated. Barnacle went to live with her mother and her uncle, Tom Healy, at 4 Bowling Green, Galway. This house has since been converted into a small museum dedicated to Nora.

In 1896, at age 12, Barnacle fell in love with a teenager named [[Michael Feeney (schoolteacher)|Michael Feeney]], who died soon after of [[typhoid]] and [[pneumonia]]. In a dramatic coincidence, another boy she loved, Michael Bodkin, died in 1900&nbsp;– causing some of her friends to call her "man-killer".<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/19/books/she-was-the-other-ireland.html | title=She Was the Other Ireland | newspaper=The New York Times | date=19 June 1988 | last1=O'Brien | first1=Edna }}</ref> Joyce later referenced these incidents in the final short story in ''[[Dubliners]]'', "[[The Dead (Joyce short story)|The Dead]]". It was rumoured that she sought comfort from her friend, budding English theatre starlet Laura London, who introduced her to a Protestant named [[Willie Mulvagh]]. In 1903, she left Galway after her uncle learned of the affair and friendship, and went to [[Dublin]] where she worked as a [[maid|chambermaid]] at Finn's Hotel (later the name of the hotel was used as the title for a posthumously published collection of 10 short narrative pieces written by Joyce, ''[[Finn's Hotel]]'', in 2013<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jun/14/james-joyce-collection-published |title=James Joyce's 'last undiscovered' collection to be published |website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date=14 June 2013 |access-date=12 December 2016 |archive-date=17 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517010105/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jun/14/james-joyce-collection-published |url-status=live }}</ref>).