Editing Northern wheatear (section)

==Taxonomy and systematics==
The northern wheatear was first [[Species description|formally described]] by the Swedish naturalist [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1758 in the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|10th edition]] of his ''[[Systema Naturae]]'' as ''Motacilla oenanthe''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Volume 1| volume=1 | edition=10th | page=186 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | place=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=la | url= https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727093 | quote=''M. dorso cano, fronte alba, oculorum fascia nigra'' }}</ref> The species is now placed in the genus ''[[Oenanthe (bird)|Oenanthe]]'' that was introduced by the French ornithologist [[Louis Pierre Vieillot]] in 1816.<ref>{{ cite book | editor1-last=Mayr | editor1-first=Ernst | editor1-link=Ernst Mayr | editor2-last=Paynter | editor2-first=Raymond A. Jr | year=1960 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World | volume=10 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology  | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts  | page=121 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14486310 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | last=Vieillot | first=Louis Pierre | editor-last=Saunders  | editor-first=Howard | author-link=Louis Pierre Vieillot | year=1883 | orig-year=1816 | title=Vieillot's Analyse d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire | language=fr | place=London | page=43 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12830285 }}</ref> The generic name, ''Oenanthe'', is also the name of a [[plant]] genus, the [[Oenanthe (plant)|water dropwort]]s, and is derived from the Greek ''ainos'' "wine" and ''anthos'' "flower", from the wine-like scent of the flowers.<ref name =Botanical >{{cite web|title= Dropwort, Hemlock Water |work= A Modern herbal |url= http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/d/drophe21.html |publisher= Botanical.com | access-date=2008-02-05}}</ref> In the case of the wheatear, it refers to the birds' return to Greece in the spring at the time that the [[Vitis|grapevines]] blossom.<ref name = enature >{{cite web|title= Northern Wheatear|url= http://www.enature.com/flashcard/show_flash_card.asp?recordNumber=bd0637 |publisher= eNature |access-date=2008-02-05}}</ref>

Its [[English language|English]] name has nothing to do with [[wheat]] or with [[ear]], but is an altered (perhaps [[Thomas Bowdler|bowdlerised]]) form of '''white-arse''', which refers to its prominent white rump.<ref name=OED>{{Cite OED |Wheatear }}</ref>

The four generally accepted [[subspecies]] of the Northern Wheatear with their breeding range are as follows:<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2016 | title=Chats, Old World flycatchers | work=World Bird List Version 6.2 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/chats/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| access-date=20 May 2016 }}</ref>
* ''O. o. leucorhoa'' <small>([[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin, JF]], 1789)</small> – northeast Canada, Greenland and Iceland (the ''''Greenland wheatear'''')
* ''O. o. oenanthe'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)</small> – north and central Europe through north Asia to east Siberia and northwest North America
* ''O. o. libanotica'' <small>([[Wilhelm Hemprich|Hemprich]] & [[Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg|Ehrenberg]], 1833)</small> – southern Europe through the Middle East and southwest Asia to Mongolia and northwest China
* ''O. o. seebohmi'' <small>([[Charles Dixon (ornithologist)|Dixon]], 1882)</small> – northwest Africa

''O.o. seebohmi'' is regarded as a distinct species by some authorities such as the [[International Ornithological Committee]], [[Seebohm's wheatear|Seebohm’s]] or the Atlas wheatear.<ref name = IOC>{{ cite web | url = https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/updates/species-updates/ | title = Species Updates | accessdate = 29 April 2021 | publisher = International Ornithological Committee}}</ref>