Editing November 14 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[332 BC]] &ndash; [[Alexander the Great]] is crowned [[pharaoh]] of [[Ancient Egypt#Ptolemaic period (332–30 BC)|Egypt]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Green |first=Peter |title=Alexander of Macedon, 356-323 B.C.: A Historical Biography |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press |date=2013 |isbn=978-0-520-27586-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X-4LqLKZ5H8C |pages=269}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1680]] &ndash; German astronomer [[Gottfried Kirch]] discovers the [[Great Comet of 1680]], the first [[comet]] to be discovered by telescope.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DFgMAaU3vA8C&pg=PA112 |title=The Greatest Comets in History: Broom Stars and Celestial Scimitars |last=Seargent |first=David A. J. |date=16 December 2008 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9780387095134 |pages=112–113 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1770]] &ndash; [[James Bruce]] discovers what he believes to be the source of the [[Nile]].<ref>{{cite book |first=John |last=Gorton |author-link=John Gorton (writer) |title=A general biographical dictionary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=omFlAAAAMAAJ&pg=PT340 |year=1851 |publisher=[[Henry George Bohn|H.G. Bohn]] |pages=340}}</ref>
*[[1812]] &ndash; [[Napoleonic Wars]]: At the [[Battle of Smoliani]], French Marshals [[Marshal Claude Victor|Victor]] and [[Marshal Nicholas Oudinot|Oudinot]] are defeated by the Russians under General [[Peter Wittgenstein]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Laurence |last=Spring |title=French Guardsman vs Russian Jaeger: 1812–14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ObWdCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9 |date=20 November 2013 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-4728-0611-6 |pages=9}}</ref> 
*[[1851]] &ndash; ''[[Moby-Dick]]'', a novel by [[Herman Melville]], is published in the USA.<ref>{{cite book |author=Herman Melville |title=Moby-Dick, Or The Whale: Volume 6, Scholarly Edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jnNBh61lpjUC&pg=PA686 |date=9 September 1988 |publisher=Northwestern University Press |isbn=978-0-8101-0269-9 |pages=686}}</ref>
*[[1889]] &ndash; Pioneering female journalist [[Nellie Bly]] (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in 72 days.<ref>{{cite book |first=Stephen |last=Krensky |title=Nellie Bly: A Name to Be Reckoned With |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4gii3busxfkC&pg=PA50 |date=July 2003 |publisher=[[Simon and Schuster]] |isbn=978-0-689-85573-3 |pages=50}}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1910]] &ndash; [[Aviator]] [[Eugene Burton Ely]] performs the first [[takeoff]] from a ship in [[Hampton Roads]], [[Virginia]], taking off from a makeshift deck on the [[USS Birmingham (CL-2)|USS ''Birmingham'']] in a [[Curtiss Model D|Curtiss pusher]].
*[[1914]] &ndash; The [[Joensuu City Hall]], designed by [[Eliel Saarinen]], was inaugurated in [[Joensuu]], [[Finland]].<ref>[http://digikoivikko.vaarakirjastot.fi/items/show/452 Digikoivikko: Joensuun uuden kaupungintalon vihkijuhlat – Vaarakirjastot] (in Finnish)</ref>
*[[1918]] &ndash; The Provisional National Assembly of the new republic of [[Czechoslovakia]] meets to devise a constitution.<ref>{{cite book |author=Josef Korbel |title=Czechoslovakia, the Heritage of Ages Past: Essays in Memory of Josef Korbel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7OZAAAAIAAJ |year=1979 |publisher=East European Quarterly |isbn=978-0-914710-43-1 |page=89}}</ref>
*[[1920]] &ndash; ''[[Pesäpallo]]'', the Finnish version of [[baseball]] developed by [[Lauri Pihkala]], is played for the first time at [[Kaisaniemi Park]] in [[Helsinki]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yle.fi/urheilu/3-11648041 |title=Pesäpallo otti sata vuotta sitten syntyaskelia |work=[[Yle]] |date=14 November 2020 |access-date=28 September 2022 |language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1921]] &ndash; The [[Communist Party of Spain]] is founded, and issues the first edition of ''Mundo obrero''.<ref>{{cite book |title=Radio Liberty Research Bulletin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3YvwAAAAMAAJ |year=1981 |publisher=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |page=201}}</ref>
*[[1922]] &ndash; The [[British Broadcasting Company]] begins radio service in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite book |author=Alacoque Kealy |title=Irish Radio Data: 1926-1980 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vo8HAQAAMAAJ |year=1981 |publisher=Audience Research Department, Radio Telefís Éireann |page=1}}</ref>
*[[1938]] &ndash; The [[Lions Gate Bridge]], connecting [[Vancouver]] to the [[North Shore (Greater Vancouver)|North Shore]] region, opens to traffic.
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: In England, [[Coventry Blitz|Coventry]] is heavily bombed by German [[Luftwaffe]] bombers. [[Coventry Cathedral]] is almost completely destroyed.
*[[1941]] &ndash; World War II: The [[aircraft carrier]] {{HMS|Ark Royal|91|6}} sinks due to torpedo damage from the {{GS|U-81|1941|6}} sustained on November 13.
*  1941   &ndash; World War II: German troops, aided by local auxiliaries, murder nine thousand residents of the [[Słonim Ghetto]] in a single day.
*[[1952]] &ndash; The ''[[NME|New Musical Express]]'' publishes the first regular [[UK Singles Chart]].
*[[1957]] &ndash; The "[[Apalachin meeting]]" in rural [[Tioga County, New York|Tioga County in upstate New York]] is raided by law enforcement; many high-level Mafia figures are arrested while trying to flee. 
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Ruby Bridges]] becomes the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in [[Louisiana]].
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: The [[Battle of Ia Drang]] begins: The first major engagement between regular American and [[North Vietnam]]ese forces.
*[[1967]] &ndash; The [[Congress of Colombia]], in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the death of [[Policarpa Salavarrieta]], declares this day as "Day of the Colombian Woman".
*  1967   &ndash; American physicist [[Theodore Maiman]] is given a patent for his [[ruby laser]] systems, the world's first laser.
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Apollo program]]: [[NASA]] launches [[Apollo 12]], the second [[Space exploration|crewed mission]] to the surface of the Moon.
*[[1970]] &ndash; [[Soviet Union]] enters [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]], making Russian the fourth official language of organization.
*  1970   &ndash; [[Southern Airways Flight 932]] crashes in the mountains near [[Huntington, West Virginia]], killing 75, including almost all of the [[Marshall University]] [[American football|football]] [[Marshall Thundering Herd football|team]].
*[[1971]] &ndash; ''[[Mariner 9]]'' enters orbit around [[Mars]].
*[[1973]] &ndash; In the United Kingdom, [[Anne, Princess Royal|Princess Anne]] marries [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]] [[Mark Phillips]], in [[Westminster Abbey]].
*  1973   &ndash; The [[Athens Polytechnic uprising]], a massive demonstration of popular rejection of the [[Greek military junta of 1967–74]], begins.
*[[1975]] &ndash; With the signing of the [[Madrid Accords]], Spain abandons [[Western Sahara]].
*[[1977]] &ndash; During a British [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] debate, [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] MP [[Tam Dalyell]] poses what would become known as the [[West Lothian question]], referring to issues related to [[devolution in the United Kingdom]]. 
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[France]] conducts the ''Aphrodite'' nuclear test as 25th in the group of 29 [[1975–78 French nuclear tests]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; US President Jimmy Carter issues [[Executive Order 12170]], freezing all Iranian assets in the United States in response to the hostage crisis.
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Lech Wałęsa]], the leader of Poland's outlawed [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]] movement, is released after eleven months of [[internment]] near the Soviet border.
*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Zamboanga City]] mayor [[Cesar Climaco]], a prominent critic of the government of Philippine President [[Ferdinand Marcos]], is assassinated in his home city.
*[[1990]] &ndash; After [[German reunification]], the [[Germany|Federal Republic of Germany]] and Poland sign a [[German–Polish Border Treaty|treaty]] confirming the [[Oder–Neisse line]] as the border between Germany and Poland.
*1990   &ndash; While on approach to [[Zurich Airport]], [[Alitalia Flight 404]] crashes into Stadlerberg Mountain near [[Weiach]], killing 46.<ref name="FINAL">{{cite web |date=27 January 1993 |title=Final Report of the Fédéral Aircraft Accidents Inquiry Board concerning the Accident of the aircraft DC-9-32, ALITALIA, Flight No AZ 404,I-ATJA on the Stadlerberg, Weiach/ZH, of 14 November 1990 |url=https://www.sust.admin.ch/inhalte/AV-berichte/1457_e.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812022935/https://www.sust.admin.ch/inhalte/AV-berichte/1457_e.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2017 |publisher=Federal Aircraft Accidents Inquiry Board}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; American and British authorities announce indictments against two Libyan [[Intelligence assessment|intelligence]] officials in connection with the downing of the [[Pan Am Flight 103]].
*  1991   &ndash; Cambodian Prince [[Norodom Sihanouk]] returns to [[Phnom Penh]] after thirteen years in [[exile]].
*[[1992]] &ndash;  In poor conditions caused by [[Cyclone Forrest]], [[Vietnam Airlines Flight 474]] crashes near [[Nha Trang]], killing 30.<ref name="HKO">{{cite report |work=Hong Kong Observatory |date=September 1994 |access-date=May 24, 2014 |title=Tropical Cyclones in 1992 |url=http://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/tc/tc1992.pdf |page=17}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |newspaper=Evening Standard |date=November 16, 1992 |title=Typhoon Plane Crashes |page=20}} {{subscription required|via=Lexis Nexis}}</ref><ref name="Crash">{{cite web |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |year=2014 |access-date=May 24, 2014 |title=Accident description: VN-A449 |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19921114-1}}</ref>
*[[1995]] &ndash; A budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the U.S. Congress forces the federal government to [[1995–1996 United States federal government shutdowns|temporarily close]] national parks and museums and to run most government offices with skeleton staffs.
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]]: Afghan [[Northern Alliance]] fighters [[Fall of Kabul (2001)|take over]] the capital [[Kabul]].
*  2001   &ndash; A [[2001 Kunlun earthquake|magnitude 7.8 earthquake]] strikes a remote part of the [[Tibetan plateau]]. It has the longest known [[surface rupture]] recorded on land (~400&nbsp;km) and is the best documented example of a [[supershear earthquake]].<ref name=Bouchon>{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/10622001 |last1=Bouchon |first1=M. |last2=Vallee |first2=M. |year=2003 |title=Observation of Long Supershear Rupture During the Magnitude 8.1 Kunlunshan Earthquake |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=301 |issue=5634 |pages=824–826 |doi=10.1126/science.1086832 |pmid=12907799 |bibcode=2003Sci...301..824B |s2cid=26437293}}</ref>
*[[2003]] &ndash; Astronomers discover [[Sedna (dwarf planet)|Sedna]], a distant trans-Neptunian [[dwarf planet]].
*[[2008]] &ndash; The [[2008 G20 Washington summit|first G-20 economic summit]] opens in Washington, D.C.
*2008   &ndash; [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'']] launches on [[STS-126]] to continue [[assembly of the International Space Station]].<ref name="launch2">{{cite news |author=Carreau |first=Mark |date=14 November 2008 |title=Endeavour embarks on home improvement mission |url=http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/front/6113326.html |access-date=1 March 2022 |work=The Houston Chronicle}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[Israel]] launches a [[2012 Israeli operation in the Gaza Strip|major military operation]] in the [[Gaza Strip]] in response to an escalation of rocket attacks by [[Hamas]].
*[[2016]] &ndash; A [[2016 Kaikōura earthquake|magnitude 7.8 earthquake]] strikes [[Kaikōura]], [[New Zealand]], at a depth of 15&nbsp;km (9 miles), resulting in the deaths of two people.
*[[2017]] &ndash; A gunman kills four people and injures 12 others during [[Rancho Tehama shootings|a shooting spree]] across [[Rancho Tehama, California]]. He had earlier murdered his wife in their home.
*[[2019]] &ndash; [[2019 Saugus High School shooting|A mass shooting]] occurs at [[Saugus High School (California)|Saugus High School]] in [[Santa Clarita, California]], resulting in three deaths, including that of the perpetrator, and three injuries.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-11-14/shooting-reported-at-saugus-high-school-in-santa-clarita-police-searching-for-teen-suspect |title=Santa Clarita shooting: 2 teens killed; attack came on suspect's birthday, officials say |work=[[The Los Angeles Times]] |date=November 14, 2019 |access-date=November 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114180422/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-11-14/shooting-reported-at-saugus-high-school-in-santa-clarita-police-searching-for-teen-suspect |archive-date=November 14, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>