Editing Novice (section)

==Religion==
===Buddhism===
[[File:NovicesWangdue.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Buddhist novices in Wangdue Phodrang Dzong, [[Bhutan]]]]

{{main|Buddhist Novitiate}}

In many [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] orders, a man or woman who intends to take ordination must first become a novice, adopting part of the monastic code indicated in the [[vinaya]] and studying in preparation for full ordination. The name for this level of ordination varies from one tradition to another. In Pali, the word is [[samanera]], which means 'small monk' or 'boy monk'.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}

===Christianity===
====Catholicism====
{{main|Catholic novitiate}}
[[File:Zusters in Sevilla.JPG|thumb|The novice is at left, wearing a white veil. The [[religious habit|habit]] of a novice often differs from that of the full professed sisters.]]
[[File:Mandaean priest initiation 01.png|thumb|right|A [[Mandaeans|Mandaean]] novice or ''šualia'' {{lang|myz|ࡔࡅࡀࡋࡉࡀ}} in Baghdad, Iraq in 2008]]
A novice in [[Catholic]] [[canon law]] and [[tradition]] is a prospective member of a [[religious order]] who is being tried and assessed for suitability of admission to a religious order of priests, religious brothers, or religious sisters, whether the community is one of [[monk]]s or has an [[apostolate]]. After initial contact with the community, and usually a period of time as a [[postulant]] (a period of candidacy in which the aspirant lives with the community), the person will be received as a novice in a ceremony that most often involves being clothed with the [[religious habit]] (traditional garb) of the particular religious community. The novice's habit is often slightly different from those of professed members of the order. For instance, in communities of women that wear a black [[veil]], novices often wear a white one, sometimes, for example among the [[Trappists]], also a white [[scapular]] instead of the black of the professed; among [[Franciscan]] communities of men, novices wear an additional shirt-like chest piece over the traditional Franciscan robe; [[Carthusian]] novices wear a dark cloak over the usual white habit; etc.

Novices are not admitted to [[religious vows|vows]] until they have successfully completed the prescribed period of training and proving, called the [[novitiate]]. This usually lasts at least one year, the minimum required by Canon Law, though in some orders and communities it is two. Novices typically have cells or a dormitory in separate areas within a [[monastery]] or community and are under the direct supervision of a [[novice master]] or novice mistress.

====Lutheranism====
In communities belonging to the [[Lutheranism|Lutheran Churches]], the period of the novitiate starts after [[postulancy]].<ref name="OLF2021"/> In the [[Order of Lutheran Franciscans]], this period lasts for a minimum of five years.<ref name="OLF2021">{{cite web |title=Vocations |url=https://www.lutheranfranciscans.org/vocations |publisher=Order of Lutheran Franciscans |access-date=6 January 2021 |language=en |date=2021}}</ref>

====Anglicanism====
In Anglicanism, the novitiate is the period of time where a novice is trained as a member of the [[religious order]] or [[Christian monasticism|monastery]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Armentrout |first1=Don S. |last2=Slocum |first2=Robert Boak |title=Novitiate |url=https://episcopalchurch.org/library/glossary/novitiate |publisher=[[Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America]] |access-date=6 January 2021 |language=English |date=22 May 2012}}</ref>

====Eastern Orthodoxy====
{{main|Degrees of Orthodox monasticism#Novice}}
In the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], a candidate may be clothed as a novice ([[Church Slavonic|Slavonic]]: послушник, ''poslushnik'', literally "one under obedience") by the [[hegumen]] ([[abbot]]) or hegumenia ([[abbess]]) after at least three days in the monastery. There is no formal ceremony for the clothing of a novice; he or she is simply given the [[Cassock#Eastern practice (Orthodox and Eastern Catholic)|riassa]], belt and [[skoufos]]. Novice [[nun]]s additionally wear a veil ([[apostolnik]]) that covers the head and neck. A novice is also given a [[prayer rope]] and instructed in the use of the [[Jesus Prayer]]. In large communities, the new novice may be assigned a [[starets]] (spiritual father or spiritual mother) who will guide his (or her) spiritual development. Frequent [[Confession (religion)#Eastern Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy|confession of sins]] and participation in the [[sacred mysteries]] (sacraments) of the church is an important part of Orthodox monastic life.

A novice is free to leave the monastery at any time, and the superior is free to dismiss the novice at any time if, for instance, they feel that the novice is not called to monasticism or if there have been issues of discipline. If, however, the novice perseveres, after a period of around three years, the hegumen may choose to clothe them in the first (beginning) rank of monasticism: the [[rassaphore]].

===Mandaeism===
{{further|Tarmida#Ordination}}
In [[Mandaeism]], novices who are being initiated into the [[Mandaean priest|Mandaean priesthood]] are called ''šualia'' ({{langx|myz|ࡔࡅࡀࡋࡉࡀ}}).<ref name="Buckley 2002">{{cite book|last=Buckley|first=Jorunn Jacobsen|title=The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people|publisher=Oxford University Press|publication-place=New York|year=2002|isbn=0-19-515385-5|oclc=65198443}}</ref>