Editing October 1 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[331 BC]] &ndash; [[Alexander the Great]] defeats [[Darius III of Persia]] in the [[Battle of Gaugamela]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Peter Tsouras|title=Alexander: Invincible King of Macedonia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a1EMylU3tA8C&pg=PR16|year=2004|publisher=Potomac Books, Inc.|isbn=978-1-57488-407-4|pages=16}}</ref>
* [[366]] &ndash; [[Pope Damasus I]] is consecrated.<ref>{{cite book|author=Joseph N. Tylenda, SJ|title=Saints and Feasts of the Liturgical Year|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YLvsKtKf9E0C&pg=PA272|date=2003|publisher=Georgetown University Press|isbn=1-58901-408-1|pages=272}}</ref>
* [[959]] &ndash; [[Edgar the Peaceful]] becomes king of all England, in succession to [[Eadwig]].<ref>{{cite book|author=David Hilliam|title=Kings, Queens, Bones & Bastards: Who's Who in the English Monarchy From Egbert to Elizabeth II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fi47AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|date= 2011|publisher=History Press|isbn=978-0-7524-6905-8|pages=19}}</ref>
* [[965]] &ndash; [[Pope John XIII]] is consecrated.<ref>{{cite book|author=Wendy J. Reardon|title=The Deaths of the Popes: Comprehensive Accounts, Including Funerals, Burial Places and Epitaphs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvXeCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA73|date=2015|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0231-8|pages=73}}</ref>
*[[1553]] &ndash; The [[coronation of Mary I of England|coronation]] of Queen [[Mary I of England]] is held at [[Westminster Abbey]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Louis Wiesener|title=The youth of queen Elizabeth, 1533–1558. Ed. from the Fr. by C.M. Yonge|url=https://archive.org/details/youthqueeneliza01wiesgoog|year=1879|pages=[https://archive.org/details/youthqueeneliza01wiesgoog/page/n191 159]}}</ref>
*[[1588]] &ndash; The coronation of Shah [[Abbas I of Persia]] occurs.

===1601–1900===
*[[1730]] &ndash; [[Ahmed III]] is forced to abdicate as the Ottoman sultan.
*[[1779]] &ndash; The city of [[Tampere]], [[Finland]] (belonging to [[Sweden]] at this time) is founded by King [[Gustav III of Sweden]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visittampere.fi/en/events/tampere-day/|title=Tampere Day}}</ref>
*[[1787]] &ndash; Russians under [[Alexander Suvorov]] defeat the Turks [[Battle of Kinburn (1787)|at Kinburn]].
*[[1791]] &ndash; First session of the French [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]].
*[[1795]] &ndash; More than a year after the [[Battle of Sprimont]], the [[Austrian Netherlands]] (present-day [[Belgium]]) are [[History of Belgium#French control|officially annexed]] by [[French Revolution|Revolutionary]] [[First French Republic|France]].
*[[1800]] &ndash; Via the [[Third Treaty of San Ildefonso]], Spain cedes Louisiana to France, which would [[Louisiana Purchase|sell the land]] to the United States thirty months later.
*[[1814]] &ndash; The [[Congress of Vienna]] opens with the intention of redrawing Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoleon in the previous spring.
*[[1827]] &ndash; [[Russo-Persian War (1826–28)|Russo-Persian War]]: The Russian army under [[Ivan Paskevich]] storms [[Yerevan]], ending a millennium of Muslim domination of [[Armenia]].
*[[1829]] &ndash; The [[South African College]] is founded in Cape Town, later separating into the [[University of Cape Town]] and the [[South African College Schools]].
*[[1832]] &ndash; [[Texian]] political delegates [[Convention of 1832|convene]] at [[San Felipe de Austin]] to petition for changes in the governance of [[Mexican Texas]].
*[[1861]] &ndash; ''[[Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management]]'' is published, going on to sell 60,000 copies in its first year and remaining in print until the present day.
*[[1887]] &ndash; [[Balochistan]] is conquered by the British Empire.
*[[1890]] &ndash; [[Yosemite National Park]] is established by the U.S. Congress.
*[[1891]] &ndash; [[Stanford University]] opens its doors in California, United States.
*[[1898]] &ndash; The [[Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration]] is founded under the name ''k.u.k. Exportakademie''.

===1901–present===
*[[1903]] &ndash; [[Baseball]]: The [[Boston Americans]] play the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] in the first game of the modern [[1903 World Series|World Series]].
*[[1908]] &ndash; [[Ford Model T]] automobiles are offered for sale at a price of US$825.
*[[1910]] &ndash; A [[Los Angeles Times bombing|large bomb destroys]] the ''Los Angeles Times'' building, killing 21.<ref>{{cite book|last=Taft|first=Philip|title=The A.F. of L. in the Time of Gompers|location=New York|publisher=Harper & Brothers|date=1957|isbn=9780374977344|page=276}}</ref>
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[The Metamorphosis]] written by [[Franz Kafka]] is published in the German journal [[Die Weißen Blätter]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-16 |title=The Metamorphosis Historical Context - Book Analysis |url=https://bookanalysis.com/franz-kafka/the-metamorphosis/historical-context/ |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=bookanalysis.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: The Egyptian Expeditionary Force [[Capture of Damascus (1918)|captures Damascus]].
*  1918 &ndash; [[Sayid Abdullah]] becomes the last Khan of Khiva.
*[[1923]] &ndash; The [[1923 Imperial Conference]] opened in London.<ref>{{cite news |last=Steele |first=John |date=October 2, 1923 |title=British Rulers May Fix World Power Balance | work=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]]|page=2 }}</ref>
*  1923 &ndash; [[Georges Carpentier]] knocked out former [[List of British heavyweight boxing champions|British heavyweight champion]] [[Joe Beckett]] a mere twenty seconds into the first round of their boxing match at [[Olympia (London)|Olympia]] in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=32006&cat=boxer |title=Joe Beckett |website=[[BoxRec]] |access-date=January 28, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=October 2, 1923 |title=Georges Knocks Out Beckett in 1st Round | work=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]]|page=25 }}</ref>
*[[1928]] &ndash; The Soviet Union introduces its [[First five-year plan (Soviet Union)|first five-year plan]].
*  1928 &ndash; [[Newark Liberty International Airport]] opens, becoming the first airport in the [[New York metropolitan area|New York City metro area]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/airports/ewr-history.html |title=History of Newark Liberty International Airport |website=Newark Liberty International Airport |publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey |access-date=June 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611092101/http://www.panynj.gov/airports/ewr-history.html |archive-date=June 11, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1931]] &ndash; The [[George Washington Bridge]] in the United States is opened, linking [[New Jersey]] and New York.
*  1931 &ndash; [[Clara Campoamor]] persuades the [[Constituent Cortes]] to enfranchise women in Spain's new constitution.
*[[1936]] &ndash; [[Spanish Civil War]]: [[Francisco Franco]] is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.
*  1936 &ndash; Spanish Civil War: The [[Central Committee of Antifascist Militias of Catalonia]] dissolves itself, handing control of [[Revolutionary Catalonia|Catalan]] [[Confederal militias|defence militias]] over to the [[Generalitat de Catalunya|Generalitat]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bonamusa |first1=Francesc |last2=Pagès i Blanch|first2=Pelai |chapter=La Guerra a Catalunya. 70 anys |title=La guerra civil als Països Catalans, 1936–1939 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X0hoQMHmlB4C&q=Comit%C3%A8+Central+de+Mil%C3%ADcies+Antifeixistes+de+Catalunya&pg=PA87 |publisher=University of Valencia |date=2007 |pages=105 |isbn=978-8437067353|language=ca}}</ref>
*[[1938]] &ndash; Pursuant to the [[Munich Agreement]] signed the day before, [[Nazi Germany]] begins the military occupation and annexation of [[Czechoslovakia]]{{'s}} [[Sudetenland]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Mitcham|first=Samuel W.|title=The Rise of the Wehrmacht: The German Armed Forces and World War II. Vol. 2|location=Westport, Conn.|publisher=Praeger Security International|date=2008|isbn=9780275996611|page=150}}</ref>
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: After a one-month [[Siege of Warsaw (1939)|siege]], German troops occupy Warsaw.
*[[1940]] &ndash; The [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]], often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
*[[1942]] &ndash; World War II: {{USS|Grouper|SS-214|6}} torpedoes ''[[Lisbon Maru]]'', not knowing that she is carrying British prisoners of war from Hong Kong.
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: After the [[Four Days of Naples]], Allied troops enter the city.
*[[1946]] &ndash; Nazi leaders are sentenced at the [[Nuremberg trials]].
*  1946 &ndash; The [[Autumn Uprising of 1946|Daegu October incident]] occurs in Allied-occupied Korea.
*[[1947]] &ndash; The [[North American F-86 Sabre]] flies for the first time.
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[China|People's Republic of China]] is [[Proclamation of the People's Republic of China|established]].
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Andhra State]] is formed, consisting of a Telugu-speaking area carved out of India's Madras State.
*  1953 &ndash; A [[Mutual Defense Treaty (United States–South Korea)|United States-South Korea mutual defense treaty]] is concluded in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea; October 1, 1953|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/kor001.asp|website=The Avalon Project|publisher=Lillian Goldman Law Library|access-date=27 July 2016}}</ref>
*[[1955]] &ndash; The [[Xinjiang|Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]] is established.
*[[1957]] &ndash; The motto ''[[In God We Trust]]'' first appears on U.S. paper currency.
*[[1958]] &ndash; The [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics]] is replaced by NASA.
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Nigeria]] gains independence from the United Kingdom.
*[[1961]] &ndash; The United States [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] is formed, becoming the country's first centralized military intelligence organization.
*  1961 &ndash; East and West Cameroon merge to form the [[Cameroon|Federal Republic of Cameroon]].
*  1961 &ndash; The [[CTV Television Network]], Canada's first private television network, is launched.<ref>{{cite book |title=CTV: The Television Wars |last=Gittins |first=Susan |year=1999 |publisher=Stoddart Publishing Co. Ltd. |location=Toronto |isbn=0-7737-3125-3 |ref=Git99 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ctvtelevisionwar0000gitt |page=73}}</ref>
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[James Meredith]] enters the University of Mississippi, defying racial segregation rules.<ref>{{cite web|title=About James Meredith |url=https://50years.olemiss.edu/james-meredith/ | website=University of Mississippi History of Integration|access-date=29 September 2022}}</ref>
*[[1963]] &ndash; On its third anniversary as an independent nation, [[Nigeria]] became a [[Nigerian First Republic|republic]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Toyin |last1=Falola |author1-link=Toyin Falola |first2=Bukola Adeyemi |last2=Oyeniyi |title=Africa in Focus: Nigeria |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |page=61}}</ref>
*[[1964]] &ndash; The [[Free Speech Movement]] is launched on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.
*  1964 &ndash; Japanese ''[[Shinkansen]]'' ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[West Coast Airlines Flight 956]] crashes with no survivors in Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a [[DC-9]].
*[[1968]] &ndash; Guyana nationalizes the British Guiana Broadcasting Service, which would eventually become part of the [[National Communications Network, Guyana]].
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Concorde]] breaks the sound barrier for the first time.
*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Walt Disney World]] opens near Orlando, Florida.
*  1971 &ndash; The first [[History of computed tomography#Commercial scanners|practical CT scanner]] is used to diagnose a patient.
*[[1975]] &ndash; Muhammad Ali [[Thrilla in Manila|defeats]] Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Tuvalu]] gains independence from the United Kingdom.
*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Pope John Paul II]] begins his first pastoral visit to the United States.
*  1979 &ndash; The [[MTR]], Hong Kong's rapid transit railway system, opens.
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Helmut Kohl]] replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a constructive vote of no confidence.
*  1982 &ndash; [[Epcot|EPCOT Center]] (Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow) opens at Walt Disney World in Florida.
*  1982 &ndash; Sony and Phillips launch the [[compact disc]] in Japan; on the same day, Sony releases the model [[Sony CDP-101|CDP-101]] compact disc player, the first player of its kind.
*[[1985]] &ndash; [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israel-Palestinian conflict]]: [[Israel Defense Forces|Israel]] attacks the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]]'s [[Tunisia]] headquarters during [[Operation Wooden Leg]].
*[[1987]] &ndash; The 5.9 {{M|w}} [[1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake|Whittier Narrows earthquake]] shakes the San Gabriel Valley with a [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe''), killing eight and injuring 200.
*[[1989]] &ndash; Denmark introduces the world's first legal [[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|same-sex registered partnerships]].
*[[1991]] &ndash; Croatian War of Independence: The [[Siege of Dubrovnik]] begins.
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Palau]] enters a Compact of Free Association with the United States.
*[[2000]] &ndash; [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israel-Palestinian conflict]]: Palestinians protest the [[Muhammad al-Durrah incident|murder of 12-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah]] by [[Israel National Police|Israeli police]] in northern Israel, beginning the "[[October 2000 protests in Israel|October 2000 events]]".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2003/06/who-shot-mohammed-al-dura/302735/|title=Who Shot Mohammed al-Dura?|last=Fallows|first=James|date=2003-06-01|work=The Atlantic|access-date=2018-10-30|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[2001]] &ndash; Militants [[2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing|attack]] the state legislature building in Kashmir, killing 38.
*  2001 &ndash; [[3G]] wireless technology first becomes available when it is [[3G adoption|adopted]] by Japanese telecommunications company [[NTT Docomo]].<ref name="auto12">{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Kieren |date=2001-10-01 |title=World's first 3G network live today |url=https://www.theregister.com/2001/10/01/worlds_first_3g_network_live/ |access-date=2022-12-03 |website=The Register |language=en}}</ref>
*[[2003]] &ndash; The popular and controversial English-language [[imageboard]] [[4chan]] is launched.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/35752705/4chan-founder-moot-joins-google-but-why/|title=4chan founder 'moot' joins Google. But why?|date=March 8, 2016|website=BBC Newsbeat|access-date=August 12, 2019}}</ref>
*[[2009]] &ndash; The [[Supreme Court of the United Kingdom]] takes over the judicial functions of the House of Lords.
*[[2012]] &ndash; A [[2012 Lamma Island ferry collision|ferry collision]] off the coast of Hong Kong kills 38 people and injures 102 others.
*[[2014]] &ndash; A [[2014 Gorni Lom explosions|series of explosions]] at a gunpowder plant in Bulgaria completely destroys the factory, killing 15 people.
*  2014 &ndash; A [[Homs school bombing|double bombing]] of an [[elementary school]] in [[Homs]], [[Syria]] kills over 50 people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/protests-as-47-children-killed-in-school-bombing-10387732|title=Protests As 47 Children Killed In School Bombing|website=Sky News}}</ref>
*[[2015]] &ndash; A gunman [[2015 Umpqua Community College shooting|kills nine people]] at a community college in Oregon.
*  2015 &ndash; Heavy rains trigger a major [[2015 Guatemala landslide|landslide]] in [[Guatemala]], killing 280 people.
*  2015 &ndash; The American cargo vessel [[SS El Faro|SS ''El Faro'']] sinks with all of its 33 crew after steaming into the eyewall of [[Hurricane Joaquin]].<ref name=RagingSea>Slade, Rachel. ''Into the Raging Sea:  Thirty-Three Mariners, One Megastorm and the Sinking of the El Faro''. HarperCollins, New York, 2018.</ref>
*[[2016]] &ndash; The leader of the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]], [[Pedro Sánchez (Spanish politician)|Pedro Sánchez]], resigns. He would return to the position a year later.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37529610/ |title=Pedro Sanchez: Spanish Socialist leader resigns |work=BBC News |date=October 2016 }}</ref>
*[[2017]] &ndash; An [[2017 Catalan independence referendum|independence referendum]], later declared illegal by the Constitutional Court of [[Spain]], takes place in [[Catalonia]].
*  2017 &ndash; Sixty people are killed and 867 others injured in [[2017 Las Vegas shooting|a mass shooting]] at [[Route 91 Harvest|a country music festival]] at the [[Las Vegas Strip]] in the United States; the gunman, [[Stephen Paddock]], later commits suicide.<ref name="LCMPreport">{{cite web |last1=Lombardo |first1=Joseph |title=LVMPD Criminal Investigative Report of the 1 October Mass Casualty Shooting. LVMPD Event Number 171001-3519 |url=https://www.lvmpd.com/en-us/Documents/1-October-FIT-Criminal-Investigative-Report-FINAL_080318.pdf |publisher=Las Vegas Metropolitan Police |access-date=1 May 2021 |date=3 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Moore |first1=Jack |title=Vegas shooter Stephen Paddock planned to escape but killed himself as the SWAT team moved in |url=https://www.newsweek.com/vegas-shooter-stephen-paddock-planned-escape-left-note-shooting-himself-678572 |access-date=1 May 2021 |work=Newsweek |date=5 October 2017 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[2018]] &ndash; The [[International Court of Justice]] rules that Chile is [[Obligation to Negotiate Access to the Pacific Ocean|not obliged to negotiate access to the Pacific Ocean]] with Bolivia.<ref name=":15">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/01/landlocked-bolivias-request-for-chile-to-grant-ocean-access-rejected-by-un|title=Landlocked Bolivia's request for Chile to discuss ocean access rejected by UN|date=2018-10-01|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-05-17|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516214421/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/01/landlocked-bolivias-request-for-chile-to-grant-ocean-access-rejected-by-un|archive-date=2019-05-16|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2019]] &ndash; [[Kuopio school stabbing]]: One dies and ten are injured when Joel Marin, armed with a [[sabre]], attacks a school class at Savo Vocational College in [[Kuopio, Finland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/01/world/europe/finland-stabbing.html|title=Finland School Stabbing Leaves 1 Dead and 10 Injured, Police Say|last1 = Fortin|first1 = Jacey|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=1 October 2019|accessdate=1 November 2021}}</ref>
*[[2021]] &ndash; The [[Expo 2020|2020 World Expo]] in [[Dubai]] begins. Its opening was originally scheduled for 20 October 2020 but was delayed due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dubai Expo confirms new dates: 1 October 2021 until 31 March 2022 |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/expo-2020-dubai-dates-set-to-be-postponed |access-date=14 May 2020 |publisher=Khaleej Times |archive-date=4 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504180053/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/expo-2020-dubai-dates-set-to-be-postponed |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[2022]] &ndash; [[Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster|One hundred and thirty-five are killed]] in a [[human crush]] following a football match at [[Kanjuruhan Stadium]] in [[East Java]], [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news |author-first1=Vicki |author-first2=Resinta |author-last1=Febrianto |author-last2=S |editor-first=Sri |editor-last=Haryati |title=Death count in Kanjuruhan tragedy climbs to 135 |url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/256465/death-count-in-kanjuruhan-tragedy-climbs-to-135 |access-date=2023-08-22 |date=2022-10-24 |website=Antara News}}</ref>
*[[2024]] &ndash; [[Israel]] [[2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon|invaded]] [[Southern Lebanon]], marking the fifth [[Israeli–Lebanese conflict|Israeli invasion of Lebanon]] since 1978.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Durgham |first1=Nader |last2=  Deeb |first2=Josephine|title=Israel's invasion of Lebanon: What is happening on the ground? |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israels-invasion-lebanon-what-happening-ground |website=Middle East Eye |date=17 October 2024}}</ref>