Editing October 14 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1066]] &ndash; The [[Norman Conquest|Norman conquest of England]] begins with the [[Battle of Hastings]].<ref>{{cite web |title=What Happened at the Battle of Hastings |url=https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/1066-and-the-norman-conquest/what-happened-battle-hastings/ |website=English Heritage |access-date=11 February 2020}}</ref>
*[[1322]] &ndash; [[Robert the Bruce|Robert the Bruce of Scotland]] defeats King [[Edward II of England]] at the [[Battle of Old Byland]], forcing Edward to accept Scotland's independence.<ref>{{cite book |last1=M |first1=Strickland Matthew Crang Jeremy a Spiers Edward |title=Military History of Scotland |date=2014 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-0-7486-3204-6 |page=9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cpgkDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA9 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1586]] &ndash; [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], goes on trial for conspiracy against Queen [[Elizabeth I|Elizabeth I of England]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Childs |first1=Jessie |title=God's Traitors: Terror and Faith in Elizabethan England |date=2014 |publisher=Random House |isbn=978-1-4735-1164-4 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o8L6AgAAQBAJ&pg=PP123 |language=en}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1656]] &ndash; The [[Massachusetts General Court|General Court]] of the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] enacts the first punitive legislation against the [[Quakers|Religious Society of Friends]].<ref>{{cite book|title=McCarty's Annual Statistician|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wHoZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA235|year=1879|publisher=L.P. McCarty|pages=235}}</ref>
*[[1758]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Frederick the Great]] suffers a rare defeat at the [[Battle of Hochkirch]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas Carlyle|author-link=Thomas Carlyle|title=History of Friedrich II of Prussia: Called Frederick the Great|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gMBMXLSuB5oC&pg=PA357|year=1865|publisher=Chapman and Hall|pages=357}}</ref>
*[[1773]] &ndash; The first recorded ministry of education, the [[Commission of National Education]], is formed in the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].
*[[1774]] &ndash; [[American Revolution]]: The [[First Continental Congress]] denounces the [[Parliament of Great Britain|British Parliament]]'s [[Intolerable Acts]] and demands British concessions.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stathis|first=Stephen|url=http://sk.sagepub.com/cqpress/landmark-legislation-1774-2012|title=Landmark Legislation 1774–2012: Major U.S. Acts and Treaties|date=2014|publisher=CQ Press|isbn=978-1-4522-9230-4|location=Washington DC|pages=1–9|chapter=Continental Congress: September 5, 1774, to March 2, 1781: United States in Congress Assembled: March 2, 1781, to October 10, 1788|doi=10.4135/9781452292281}}</ref>
*[[1791]] &ndash; The revolutionary group the [[Society of United Irishmen|United Irishmen]] is formed in [[Belfast]], Ireland leading to the [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Bartlett |first=Thomas|title=Dictionary of Irish Biography |url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/tone-theobald-wolfe-a8590 |location=Tone, Theobald Wolfe |publisher=Royal Irish Academy }}</ref>
*[[1805]] &ndash; [[War of the Third Coalition]]: A French corps [[Battle of Elchingen|defeats]] an Austrian attempt to escape encirclement at Ulm.
*[[1806]] &ndash; [[War of the Fourth Coalition]]: Napoleon decisively defeats Prussia at the [[Battle of Jena–Auerstedt]].
*[[1808]] &ndash; The [[Republic of Ragusa]] is annexed by France.
*[[1809]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Schönbrunn]] is signed, ending the [[War of the Fifth Coalition]], the final successful war in [[Napoleon]] Bonaparte's military career.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Schonbrunn | title=Treaty of Schönbrunn &#124; Napoleon, Austria, Peace &#124; Britannica }}</ref>
*[[1843]] &ndash; Irish nationalist [[Daniel O'Connell]] is arrested by the British on charges of criminal conspiracy.
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: Confederate troops under the command of A. P. Hill [[Battle of Bristoe Station|fail to drive]] the [[Union Army]] completely out of [[Virginia]].
*[[1884]] &ndash; [[George Eastman]] receives a U.S. Government [[patent]] on his new paper-strip [[photographic film]].
*[[1888]] &ndash; [[Louis Le Prince]] films the first [[Film|motion picture]], ''[[Roundhay Garden Scene]]''.
*[[1898]] &ndash; The steam ship {{SS|Mohegan}} sinks near the [[The Lizard|Lizard peninsula]], [[Cornwall]], killing 106.

===1901–present===
*[[1908]] &ndash; The [[Chicago Cubs]] defeat the [[Detroit Tigers]], 2–0, clinching the [[1908 World Series]]; this would be their last until winning the [[2016 World Series]].
*[[1910]] &ndash; English aviator [[Claude Grahame-White]] lands his aircraft on Executive Avenue near the [[White House]] in Washington, D.C.
*[[1912]] &ndash; Former president [[Theodore Roosevelt]] is shot and mildly wounded by [[John Flammang Schrank]]. With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still within it, Roosevelt delivers his scheduled speech.
*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Senghenydd colliery disaster]], the United Kingdom's worst coal mining accident, claims the lives of 439 miners.
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: Bulgaria [[Bulgaria during World War I|joins the Central Powers]].
*[[1920]] &ndash; Finland and Soviet Russia sign the [[Treaty of Tartu (Finland–Russia)|Treaty of Tartu]], exchanging some territories.
*[[1923]] &ndash; After the [[Irish Civil War]] the [[1923 Irish hunger strikes]] were undertaken by thousands of [[Irish republican]] prisoners protesting the continuation of their [[internment]] without trial.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sugg |first=Wayne |date=15 October 1998 |title=Remembering the Past: Post-Civil War hunger-strikes |url=https://anphoblacht.com/contents/4096 |work=An Phoblacht |location=Dublin |access-date=24 July 2022}}</ref>
*[[1930]] &ndash; The former and first [[President of Finland]], [[K. J. Ståhlberg]], and his wife, [[Ester Ståhlberg]], are [[Ståhlberg kidnapping|kidnapped from their home]] by members of the far-right [[Lapua Movement]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Defending Democracy: Reactions to Extremism in Interwar Europe|last=Capoccia|first=Giovanni|publisher=JHU Press|year=2005}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=A Frozen Hell: The Russo-Finnish Winter War of 1939-40|last=Trotter|first=William R.|publisher=Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill|year=1991|isbn=978-0-945575-22-1|location=[[Chapel Hill, North Carolina]]}}</ref>
*[[1933]] &ndash; Germany withdraws from the [[League of Nations]] and [[World Disarmament Conference]].
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: The {{GS|U-47|1938|6}} sinks the British battleship {{HMS|Royal Oak|08|6}} within her harbour at Scapa Flow, Scotland.
*[[1940]] &ndash; World War II: The [[Balham underground station disaster]] kills sixty-six people during the London Blitz.
*[[1942]] &ndash; World War II: The [[German submarine U-69 (1940)]] sinks the Canadian passenger ferry [[SS Caribou]] approximately 20 [[nautical mile]]s southwest of [[Channel-Port aux Basques|Port aux Basques]], Newfoundland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gibbons |first=Henry K. |date=2006 |title=The Last Voyage of the S.S. Caribou (October 13/14, 1942) |url=http://www.visitnewfoundland.ca/sscaribou/chapter1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103104725/http://www.visitnewfoundland.ca/sscaribou/chapter1.html |archive-date=3 January 2013 |access-date=12 January 2013 |website=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador.}}</ref>
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: Prisoners at [[Sobibor extermination camp]] covertly assassinate most of the on-duty SS officers and then stage a mass breakout.
*  1943   &ndash; World War II: The [[Eighth Air Force|United States Eighth Air Force]] loses 60 of 291 [[Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress|B-17 Flying Fortresses]] during the [[Second Raid on Schweinfurt]].
*  1943   &ndash; World War II: The [[Second Philippine Republic]], a puppet state of [[Empire of Japan|Japan]], is inaugurated with [[Jose P. Laurel|José P. Laurel]] as its president.
*[[1947]] &ndash; Flying the [[Bell X-1|Bell XS-1]] over [[Edwards Air Force Base|Muroc Army Air Field]] in California, Captain [[Chuck Yeager]] breaks the [[sound barrier]] in level flight, reaching [[Mach number|Mach 1.05]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/12/22/archives/new-us-plane-said-to-fly-faster-than-speed-of-sound-said-to-have.html|title=New U.S. Plane Said to Fly Faster Than Speed of Sound|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723004851/https://www.nytimes.com/1947/12/22/archives/new-us-plane-said-to-fly-faster-than-speed-of-sound-said-to-have.html|archive-date=July 23, 2018|newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 22, 1947|quote=An experimental rocket plane, the Bell XS-1, has flown faster than the speed of sound a number of times recently, ''[[Aviation Week & Space Technology|Aviation Week]]'' reports in an issue to be released tomorrow.}}</ref>
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[Smith Act trials of Communist Party leaders]] in the United States convicts eleven defendants of conspiring to advocate the violent overthrow of the federal government.
*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Korean War]]: The [[Battle of Triangle Hill]] is the biggest and bloodiest battle of 1952.
*[[1956]] &ndash; Dr. [[B. R. Ambedkar]], leader of India's [[Dalit|Untouchable caste]], converts to Buddhism along with 385,000 of his followers (see [[Neo-Buddhism]]).
*[[1957]] &ndash; The [[23rd Canadian Parliament]] becomes the only one to be personally opened by the [[Monarchy of Canada|Queen of Canada]].
*  1957   &ndash; At least 81 people are killed in the most devastating [[1957 Valencia flood|flood]] in the history of the Spanish city of [[Valencia]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; The [[Cuban Missile Crisis]] begins when an American reconnaissance aircraft takes photographs of Soviet ballistic missiles being installed in Cuba.
*[[1964]] &ndash; [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] receives the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] for combating [[Racial inequality in the United States|racial inequality]] through [[nonviolence]].
*1964   &ndash; The [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet|Soviet Presidium]] and the [[Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party Central Committee]] each vote to accept [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s "voluntary" request to retire from his offices.
*[[1966]] &ndash; The city of [[Montreal]] begins the operation of its underground [[Montreal Metro]] rapid transit system.
*1966   &ndash; The Dutch [[Cals cabinet]] fell after [[Norbert Schmelzer]], the leader of the government party, filed a successful motion against the budget, in what later became known as the ''[[Night of Schmelzer]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vh8lnhrouwx7/kabinetscrisis_1966_de_nacht_van|title=Kabinetscrisis 1966: de Nacht van Schmelzer|work=[[Parlement.com]]|language=nl|access-date=8 July 2024}}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Apollo program]]: The first live television broadcast by American astronauts in orbit is performed by the [[Apollo 7]] crew.
*1968   &ndash; The 6.5 {{M|w}} [[1968 Meckering earthquake|Meckering earthquake]] shakes the southwest portion of [[Western Australia]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of IX (''Violent''), causing $2.2&nbsp;million in damage and leaving 20–28 people injured.
*1968   &ndash; [[Jim Hines]] becomes the first man ever to break the so-called "ten-second barrier" in the 100-meter sprint with a time of 9.95 seconds.
*[[1973]] &ndash; In the [[1973 Thai popular uprising|Thammasat student uprising]], over 100,000 people protest in Thailand against the military government. Seventy-seven are killed and 857 are injured by soldiers.
*[[1975]] &ndash; An [[RAF]] [[Avro Vulcan]] bomber [[1975 Żabbar Avro Vulcan crash|explodes and crashes]] over [[Żabbar]], [[Malta]] after an aborted landing, killing five crew members and one person on the ground.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chetcuti |first1=Kristina |title=The Vulcan tragedy over Zabbar, 35 years on |url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/the-vulcan-tragedy-over-zabbar-30-years-on.331187 |work=[[Times of Malta]] |date=14 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202112314/https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/the-vulcan-tragedy-over-zabbar-30-years-on.331187 |archive-date=2 February 2020}}</ref>
*[[1979]] &ndash; The first [[National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights]] draws approximately 100,000 people.
*[[1980]] &ndash; The [[6th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea|6th Congress of the Workers' Party]] ended, having anointed North Korean President [[Kim Il Sung]]'s son [[Kim Jong Il]] as his successor.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Nam-Sik |date= Spring–Summer 1982 |title=North Korea's Power Structure and Foreign Relations: an Analysis of the Sixth Congress of the KWP* |journal=[[The Journal of East Asian Affairs]] |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=125–151 |publisher=[[Institute for National Security Strategy]] |jstor=23253510 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Chong-sik |date= May 1982 |title= Evolution of the Korean Workers' Party and the Rise of Kim Chŏng-il |journal=[[Asian Survey]] |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=434–448 |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |doi=10.2307/2643871|jstor=2643871 }}</ref>
*[[1981]] &ndash; Vice President [[Hosni Mubarak]] is elected as the [[President of Egypt]], one week after the [[assassination of Anwar Sadat]].
*[[1982]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Ronald Reagan]] proclaims a [[War on Drugs]].
*[[1991]] &ndash; Burmese opposition leader [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Yasser Arafat]], [[Yitzhak Rabin]] and [[Shimon Peres]] receive the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in the establishment of the [[Oslo Accords]] and the framing of future Palestinian self government.
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[Eric Rudolph]] is charged with six bombings, including the 1996 [[Centennial Olympic Park bombing]] in Atlanta, Georgia.
*[[2003]] &ndash; The [[Steve Bartman Incident]] takes place at [[Wrigley Field]] in Chicago, Illinois.<ref>{{cite news|last=Olson|first=Lisa|title=Fan latest goat in historic hex|newspaper=[[New York Daily News]]|date=October 15, 2003|page=65}}</ref>
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[MK Airlines Flight 1602]] crashes during takeoff from [[Halifax Stanfield International Airport]], killing all seven people on board.
*  2004   &ndash; [[Pinnacle Airlines Flight 3701]] crashes in [[Jefferson City, Missouri]]. The two pilots (the aircraft's only occupants) are killed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20041014-1|title=ASN Aircraft accident Canadair CL-600-2B19 Regional Jet CRJ-200LR N8396A Jefferson City, MO|last=Ranter|first=Harro|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=2019-07-09}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[Felix Baumgartner]] successfully jumps to Earth from a balloon in the stratosphere.
*[[2014]] &ndash; A [[2014 Nepal snowstorm disaster|snowstorm]] and avalanche in the Nepalese Himalayas triggered by the remnants of [[Cyclone Hudhud]] kills 43 people.
*  2014   &ndash; The [[Serbia v Albania (UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying)|Serbia vs. Albania UEFA qualifying match]] is canceled after 42 minutes due to several incidents on and off the pitch. Albania is eventually awarded a win.
*[[2015]] &ndash; A [[Taunsa Sharif bombing|suicide bomb]] attack in Pakistan kills at least seven people and injures 13 others.
*[[2017]] &ndash; A [[14 October 2017 Mogadishu bombings|massive truck bombing]] in Somalia kills 358 people and injures more than 400 others.
*[[2021]] &ndash; About 10,000 American employees of [[John Deere]] [[2021 John Deere strike|go on strike]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Epstein|first=Jake|date=October 14, 2021|title=10,000 John Deere workers go on strike after contract negotiations fall apart|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/10000-john-deere-workers-on-strike-over-failed-contract-negotiations-2021-10|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014172159/https://www.businessinsider.com/10000-john-deere-workers-on-strike-over-failed-contract-negotiations-2021-10|archive-date=October 14, 2021|access-date=October 14, 2021|website=[[Business Insider]]|publisher=[[Insider Inc.]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[2023]] &ndash; Australians [[2023 Australian Indigenous Voice referendum|vote to reject a constitutional amendment]] that would have established an [[Indigenous Voice to Parliament]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ransley |first=Ellen |date=14 October 2023 |title=Voice to Parliament: Australia votes No in referendum |url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/breaking-news/voice-to-parliament-australia-votes-no-in-referendum/news-story/1252710a0ac98de30c3a24eb776cce64 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231015124445/https://www.theaustralian.com.au/breaking-news/voice-to-parliament-australia-votes-no-in-referendum/news-story/1252710a0ac98de30c3a24eb776cce64?amp&nk=e86322366fd9f25b83e68a5859874536-1697373895 |archive-date=15 October 2023 |access-date=23 October 2024 |work=[[The Australian]] |publisher=[[News Corp Australia]] |location=Sydney |language=en-au |issn=1038-8761 |agency=[[NCA NewsWire]]}}</ref>