Editing October 25 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[285]] or [[286]] &ndash; Execution of [[Crispin and Crispinian|Saints Crispin and Crispinian]] during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* [[473]] &ndash; Emperor [[Leo I (emperor)|Leo I]] acclaims his grandson [[Leo II (emperor)|Leo II]] as ''Caesar'' of the East Roman Empire.
*[[1147]] &ndash; Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the [[Battle of Dorylaeum (1147)|Battle of Dorylaeum]].
*  1147   &ndash; ''Reconquista'': After a [[Siege of Lisbon|siege of four months]], crusader knights conquer Lisbon.
*[[1415]] &ndash; Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England, with his lightly armoured infantry and archers, defeats the heavily armoured French cavalry in the [[Battle of Agincourt]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1616]] &ndash; Dutch sea-captain [[Dirk Hartog]] makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
*[[1747]] &ndash; War of the Austrian Succession: A British fleet under Admiral Edward Hawke defeats the French at the [[Second Battle of Cape Finisterre (1747)|Second Battle of Cape Finisterre]].
*[[1760]] &ndash; King [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] succeeds to the British throne on the death of his grandfather [[George II of Great Britain|George II]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/10046/page/1/data.pdf#view=Fit&toolbar=1|work=The London Gazette|title=Published by authority|issue=10046|date=October 1760}}</ref> 
*[[1809]] &ndash; [[Golden Jubilee of George III]] is celebrated in Britain as he begins the fiftieth year of his reign.<ref>Millidge, Judith. ''Royal Jubilees''. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012. p.11</ref>
*[[1812]] &ndash; War of 1812: The American frigate, {{USS|United States|1797|6}}, commanded by Stephen Decatur, [[USS United States vs HMS Macedonian|captures]] the British frigate {{HMS|Macedonian}}.
*[[1822]] &ndash; Greek War of Independence: The [[First Siege of Missolonghi]] begins.
*[[1854]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Balaclava]] takes place during the Crimean War. It is soon memorialized in verse as ''[[The Charge of the Light Brigade (poem)|The Charge of the Light Brigade]]''.
*[[1861]] &ndash; The [[Toronto Stock Exchange]] is created.
*[[1868]] &ndash; The [[Uspenski Cathedral]], designed by [[Aleksey Gornostayev]], is inaugurated in [[Helsinki, Finland]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Katedraalin historia |url=https://www.hos.fi/kirkot-ja-pyhakot/katedraalin-historia/ |website=Helsingin Ortodoksinen Seurakunta |access-date=25 October 2021 |language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1875]] &ndash; [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]’s [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Concerto No. 1 in B♭ minor, Op. 23]] premieres in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], with [[Benjamin Johnson Lang]] as conductor and [[Hans von Bülow]] as soloist.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinberg |first=Michael |date=1976–1979 |title=Piano Concerto No. 1 in B-flat minor, Opus 23 |url=https://www.bso.org/works/piano-concerto-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231025025733/https://www.bso.org/works/piano-concerto-no-1 |archive-date=25 October 2023 |access-date=24 October 2023 |website=Boston Symphony Orchestra}}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1911]] &ndash; The [[1911 Revolution|Xinhai Revolution]] spreads to [[Guangzhou]], where the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] general [[Fengshan (general)|Fengshan]] is assassinated by the [[Chinese Assassination Corps]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Rhoads|first=Edward J. M.|date=1975|title=China's Republican Revolution: The Case of Kwangtung, 1895–1913|location=[[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=0674119800|pages=196, 211, 218}}</ref>
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[Old Style and New Style dates|Old Style date]] of the [[October Revolution]] in Russia.<!--worth keeping regardless of general rule on OS/NS because it's commonly called the "October revolution"-->
*[[1920]] &ndash; After 74 days on hunger strike in Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, [[Terence MacSwiney]] dies.
*[[1924]] &ndash; The [[Zinoviev letter]], which Zinoviev himself denied writing, is published in the ''Daily Mail''; the Labour party would later blame this letter for the Conservatives' landslide election win four days later.
*[[1927]] &ndash; The Italian luxury liner [[SS Principessa Mafalda|SS ''Principessa Mafalda'']] sinks off the coast of Brazil, killing 314. 
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[George Lansbury]] became the leader of the opposition British [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]].<ref>{{cite book|last= Shepherd|first= John|title= George Lansbury: At the Heart of Old Labour|publisher= Oxford University Press|location= Oxford|year= 2002|isbn= 0-19-820164-8|page=282}}</ref>
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Benjamin O. Davis Sr.]] is named the first African American general in the United States Army.
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the [[Edelweiss Pirates]], a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich.
*  1944   &ndash; World War II: The {{USS|Tang|SS-306|6}} under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine ace of the war) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo.
*  1944   &ndash; World War II: The final attempt of the Imperial Japanese Navy to win the war climaxes at the [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]].
*[[1945]] &ndash; Fifty years of Japanese administration of [[Geography of Taiwan|Taiwan]] [[Retrocession Day|formally ends]] when the [[Republic of China (1912–49)|Republic of China]] assumes control.
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Guningtou]] in the Taiwan Strait begins.
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Cuban Missile Crisis]]: [[Adlai Stevenson II|Adlai Stevenson]] shows the United Nations Security Council reconnaissance photographs of Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba.
*[[1968]] &ndash; A [[Fairchild F-27]] [[Northeast Airlines Flight 946|crashes]] into [[Moose Mountain (New Hampshire)|Moose Mountain]] while on approach to [[Lebanon Municipal Airport (New Hampshire)|Lebanon Municipal Airport]] in [[Lebanon, New Hampshire]], killing 32 people.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Fairchild FH-227C N380NE Lebanon Airport, NH (LEB)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19681025-2|access-date=2021-10-24|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1971]] &ndash; The [[China|People's Republic of China]] ''[[China and the United Nations|replaces]]'' the [[Taiwan|Republic of China]] at the United Nations.
*[[1973]] &ndash; Egypt and Israel accept [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 339]].
*[[1980]] &ndash; Proceedings on the [[Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction]] conclude.
*[[1983]] &ndash; The United States and its Caribbean allies [[United States invasion of Grenada|invade Grenada]], six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and several of his supporters are executed in a ''coup d'état''.
*[[1990]] &ndash; The [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] declares its sovereignty from the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First Step to Independence: The 30th Anniversary of the Sovereignty of the Kazakh SSR |url=https://presidentlib.kz/en/news/first-step-independence-30th-anniversary-declaration-sovereignty-kazakh-ssr |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=presidentlib.kz |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[1995 Fox River Grove bus–train collision|A commuter train slams into a school bus]] in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.
*[[1997]] &ndash; After a [[Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)|civil war]], Denis Sassou Nguesso proclaims himself President of the Republic of the Congo.
*[[1999]] &ndash; A [[Learjet 35]] [[1999 South Dakota Learjet crash|crashes]] in [[Mina, South Dakota|Mina]] near [[Aberdeen, South Dakota]], killing all six people on board, including PGA golfer [[Payne Stewart]] and golf course designer [[Bruce Borland]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Five Years Later ..... |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2004-10-24-0410240263-story.html |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=Orlando Sentinel|date=24 October 2004 }}</ref>
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Microsoft]] releases [[Windows XP]], which becomes one of Microsoft's most successful operating systems.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.neowin.net/news/a-very-brief-history-of-windows-xp/|title=A (very) brief history of Windows XP|publisher=Neowin|access-date=October 25, 2020|date=April 8, 2014|last=Callaham|first=John}}</ref>
*[[2009]] &ndash; The [[October 2009 Baghdad bombings]] kill 155 and wound at least 721.
*[[2010]] &ndash; [[Mount Merapi]] in [[Indonesia]] begins a [[2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi|month-long series of violent eruptions]] that kill 353 people and cause the evacuation of another 350,000 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/indonesia-downgrades-mount-merapis-danger-level/409878 |title=Indonesia Downgrades Mount Merapi's Danger Level |date=12 March 2010 |publisher=Jakarta Post and Associated Press, Jakarta |access-date=12 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204171924/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/indonesia-downgrades-mount-merapis-danger-level/409878 |archive-date=4 December 2010|postscript=none}}; {{cite news|url=http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AS_INDONESIA_VOLCANO?SITE=VASTR&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120095840/http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AS_INDONESIA_VOLCANO?SITE=VASTR&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 November 2018 |title=Flights resume to Indonesia as volcano spews ash |publisher=AP Wire News-Associated Press |author=Riyadi, Slamet |date=11 November 2010 |access-date=11 November 2010 }}</ref>
*2010 &ndash; A [[2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami|magnitude 7.8 earthquake]] strikes off Indonesia's [[Mentawai Islands Regency|Mentawai Islands]], triggering a [[tsunami]] that kills at least 400 people.<ref name="Hill12">{{cite journal |last1=Hill |first1=Emma M. |last2=Borrero |first2=Jose C. |last3=Huang |first3=Zhenhua |last4=Qiu |first4=Qiang |last5=Banerjee |first5=Paramesh |last6=Natawidjaja |first6=Danny H. |author6-link=Danny Hilman Natawidjaja |last7=Elosegui |first7=Pedro |last8=Fritz |first8=Hermann M. |last9=Suwargadi |first9=Bambang W. |last10=Pranantyo |first10=Ignatius Ryan |last11=Li |first11=LinLin |last12=Macpherson |first12=Kenneth A. |last13=Skanavis |first13=Vassilis |last14=Synolakis |first14=Costas E. |last15=Sieh |first15=Kerry |title=The 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai earthquake: Very shallow source of a rare tsunami earthquake determined from tsunami field survey and near-field GPS data |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |date=2012 |volume=117 |issue=B6 |doi=10.1029/2012JB009159 |publisher=[[American Geophysical Union]]|bibcode=2012JGRB..117.6402H |hdl=10220/8666 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
*[[2023]] &ndash; [[2023 Lewiston shootings|A mass shooting]] occurs in two locations in [[Lewiston, Maine]]. 18 people are killed and 13 more injured.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-26 |title=Live updates: Shooting suspect Robert Card died of apparent self-inflicted gunshot |url=https://www.pressherald.com/2023/10/26/our-live-updates-on-the-deadly-lewiston-shootings/ |access-date=2023-10-28 |website=Press Herald}}</ref>