Editing Opel Commodore (section)

==Commodore A (1967–1971)==
{{Infobox automobile
| name          = Commodore A
| image         = Opel Commodore3.JPG
| caption       = 1970 Opel Commodore A  Coupé
| production    = 1967–1971
| body_style    = 2-door [[Sedan (automobile)#Notchback sedans|saloon]]<br />4-door [[Sedan (automobile)#Notchback sedans|saloon]]<br />2-door [[fastback]] [[coupé]]
| related       = [[Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord C]]<br />[[Chevrolet Opala]]<br />[[Ranger (automobile)|Ranger]]
| engine        = 2.2 L-[[Inline 6|I6]]: <br /> {{convert|95|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} <br /> 2.5 L-[[Inline 6|I6]]:<br /> {{convert|115|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}, <br />{{convert|120|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}<br /> {{convert|130|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}<br /> {{convert|150|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} <br /> 2.8 L-I6: <br /> {{convert|145|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}
| transmission  = 4-speed manual <br /> 2- or 3-speed-[[automatic transmission|automatic]]
| wheelbase     = {{convert|2668|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| length        = {{convert|4574|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| width         = {{convert|1754|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| height        = {{convert|1445|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| weight        = {{convert|1130|-|1270|kg|lb|1|abbr=on}}
}}
[[File:Opel Commodore (4654095929).jpg|left|thumb|Opel Commodore A sedan]]
[[File:MHV Opel Commodore A Coupé 02.jpg|left|thumb|Opel Commodore A coupe rear]]
[[File:Opel Commodore interior.JPG|left|thumb|Interior]]
The Opel Commodore A was manufactured from 1967 to 1971, based on the Rekord C. After having offered a Rekord-6 powered by a 2.6&nbsp;L 6-cylinder engine (which originated in the [[Opel Kapitän]] and [[Opel Admiral|Admiral]]) since March 1964,<ref name=OldtimerKatalogNr23>{{cite book| first = Günther | last = Zink | title = Oldtimer Katalog | volume = 23| pages = 262–263 | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-3-86852-067-5 | publisher = HEEL Verlag GmbH | location = Königswinter | language = de }}</ref> Opel in February 1967 launched the Commodore as a faster up-market version of the [[Opel Rekord|Rekord]]. The Commodore was initially available with the known the 2.2-litre six and a larger 2.5&nbsp;L engine developing {{cvt|115|PS|kW|0}} with a single carburettor. The 2239&nbsp;cc engine with which the Commodore was launched shared its 82.5 x 69.8&nbsp;mm cylinder dimensions with the four-cylinder 1492&nbsp;cc Rekord engine on which it was based. The unit was first seen in the short-lived six-cylinder version of the Opel Rekord towards the end of 1966, but ceased to be offered in the Rekord after July 1967 when it became the entry level power unit for the newly introduced Opel Commodore. Body styles comprised a two-door or four-door [[notchback]] [[Sedan (automobile)#Notchback sedans|saloon]] and a two-door [[hardtop]]/[[fastback]] [[coupé]]. In September 1967 the sporty '''Commodore GS''' offering {{cvt|130|PS|kW|0}} from a dual-carburettor 2.5-litre six was introduced.

For the 1969 model year, the carryover 2.2-litre six was dropped and the optional 2-speed Powerglide automatic was abandoned in favor of Opel's new 3-speed automatic transmission.

From September 1969, the base 2.5&nbsp;L-engine was pumped up to {{cvt|120|PS|kW|0}}; at the same time, both remaining engines received hydraulic lifters for smoother running, a new exhaust system and six camshaft bearings. The handbrake lever was moved from its position under the dash to a location between the front seats and the fuel tank was enlarged from 55 to 70&nbsp;litres.

An even more sporty model than the GS, the '''Commodore GS/E''', debuted in March 1970. It had a 2.5&nbsp;L engine equipped with [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] D-jetronic [[fuel injection]] system developing {{cvt|150|PS|kW|0}}, which gave the car a top speed of {{convert|197|km/h|mph||abbr=on}}. The Commodore GS/E also had a career in [[motorsports]], with a car prepared by [[Steinmetz Opel Tuning|Steinmetz]]. In April 1970 a Commodore with a detuned and carburetted 2.8&nbsp;L-six giving {{cvt|145|PS|kW|0}} followed (GS 2800).

156,330 Commodore As were built, including 2,574 GS and GS/E variants.

The Rekord C/Commodore A "V body" platform was used by GM to produce other models in many markets, these include the [[Ranger (automobile)|Ranger]] sold in mainland [[Europe]] and also in [[South Africa]], as well as the [[Chevrolet Opala|GM Opala]] which was built and sold in [[South America]] from 1968 through to 1992. Ranger and Opala production commenced two years after the Commodore A's debut in 1966.

Today the name Commodore is a name synonymous with GM [[Holden]] of Australia. However, that wasn't always the case: The first-generation Holden Commodore actually is equivalent to the ''third''-generation Opel Commodore.

'''GS/E History'''

All engines for the Commodore were 12 valve, CIH straight-six engines ranging from 2.2 to 2.8 litres. All but one engine option had single-barrel (2.2) or double-barrel (2.5; 2.8) downdraught carburetor. in 1970 the GS/E model was introduced which as its badge implies did not utilise carburetors, the "E" meaning ''Einspritzung'' or fuel injection in English.

Opels didn't have the reputation for performance cars in the period and they had seen the positive impact on sales for other race winning manufacturers on having performance models in their range of cars. Opel wanted to be in this area of the market and the results of this desire was the Commodore GS/E.

The carburettors were ditched in favour of a [[ Jetronic|Bosch D-Jetronic]], Bosch's first commercially produced electronic fuel injection system. Bosch D-Jetronic was a very early version of multi-point EFI, the “D” stood for “drucksensorgesteuert” (pressure sensor regulated). Unlike later Bosch fuel injection system, the injection was direct to the cylinder instead of via the Plenum inlets, which meant the a specific cylinder head was manufactured specifically for the engine, making this model unique and expensive to produce and purchase. Different from older mechanical injection systems, it incorporated taking input from the pressure inside the intake manifold. This is known as the Air Mass Sensor or in modern terms this would be known as the MAP-sensor (manifold absolute pressure), a part that's commonly found in more modern vehicles.

Bosch sold the patent to Japanese companies that continue to produce injection systems based on D-Jetronic.

D-Jetronic fuel injection was installed onto the 2.5 litre engine with the modified cylinder head, increasing power by {{convert|20|bhp|kW||abbr=on}}, making it more powerful than the larger 2.8 litre engine. The fuel injected engine, named 2500 E, now produced {{convert|150|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 5,800 rpm and {{convert|196|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 4,500 rpm with an unchanged compression ratio of 9.5:1. For comparison, the base model [[Porsche 911#2.2-litre / C and D series (1969–1971)|Porsche 911T]] in 1970 had {{convert|25|PS|kW hp||abbr=on}} less, but was more expensive{{Citation needed|date=September 2018}}. The GS/E could accelerate from 0–100&nbsp;km/h (62&nbsp;mph) in 9.5 seconds, a similar value to the same period Porsche 911.{{Citation needed|date=September 2018}} It could also reach a top speed of {{Convert|192|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.

The GS/E Coupe model is known affectionately as the "German Charger".<ref>{{cite web |title=1970 Opel Commodore 2500 GS/E Coupé |url=https://www.classicdriver.com/de/car/opel/commodore/1970/867324 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724034251/https://www.classicdriver.com/de/car/opel/commodore/1970/867324 |archive-date=2022-07-24  |website=Classic Driver}}</ref>

{{clear}}