Editing Operating theater (section)

==Classification of operation theatre==
Operating rooms are spacious, in a [[cleanroom]], and well-lit, typically with overhead [[Surgical lighting|surgical lights]], and may have viewing screens and [[Medical monitor|monitors]]. Operating rooms are generally windowless, though windows are becoming more prevalent in newly built theaters to provide clinical teams with natural light, and feature controlled temperature and humidity. Special air handlers filter the air and maintain a slightly elevated pressure. Electricity support has backup systems in case of a black-out. Rooms are supplied with wall suction, oxygen, and possibly other anesthetic gases. Key equipment consists of the [[operating table]] and the [[anesthesia cart]]. In addition, there are tables to set up instruments. There is storage space for common surgical supplies. There are containers for disposables. Outside the operating room, or sometimes integrated within, is a dedicated scrubbing area that is used by [[surgeon]]s, [[anesthetist]]s, ODPs (operating department practitioners), and nurses prior to surgery. An operating room will have a map to enable the terminal cleaner to realign the operating table and equipment to the desired layout during cleaning. Operating rooms are typically supported by an anaesthetic room, prep room, scrub and a dirty utility room.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Operating Theatres|url=https://www.moduleco.com/healthcare-facilities/operating-theatres/|access-date=2021-06-10|website=ModuleCo {{!}} Manufactured for Life|language=en-GB}}</ref>

Several operating rooms are part of the operating suite that forms a distinct section within a health-care facility. Besides the operating rooms and their wash rooms, it contains rooms for personnel to change, wash, and rest, preparation and [[recovery room]]s, storage and cleaning facilities, offices, dedicated corridors, and possibly other supportive units. In larger facilities, the operating suite is climate- and air-controlled, and separated from other departments so that only authorized personnel have access.

===Operating room equipment===

[[File:Hybrid operating theatre gemelli rome.jpg|thumb|400px|[[Hybrid operating room]] for cardiovascular surgery at [[Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic|Gemelli Hospital]] in [[Rome]]]]
* The operating table in the center of the room can be raised, lowered, and tilted in any direction.<ref name=steris>{{Cite web|title=Operating Room Equipment: The Complete Guide {{!}} Knowledge Center|url=https://www.steris.com/healthcare/knowledge-center/surgical-equipment/operating-room-equipment-a-complete-guide|access-date=2022-01-19|website=www.steris.com}}</ref>
* The operating room lights are over the table to provide bright light, without shadows, during surgery.<ref name=steris />
* The [[anesthesia machine]] is at the head of the operating table. This machine has tubes that connect to the patient to assist them in breathing during surgery, and built-in monitors that help control the mixture of gases in the breathing circuit.<ref name=steris />
* The anesthesia cart is next to the anesthesia machine. It contains the medications, equipment, and other supplies that the anesthesiologist may need.<ref name=steris />
* Sterile instruments to be used during surgery are arranged on a stainless steel table.<ref name=steris />
* An electronic monitor (which records the heart rate and respiratory rate by adhesive patches that are placed on the patient's chest).<ref name=steris />
* The pulse oximeter machine attaches to the patient's finger with an elastic band aid. It measures the amount of oxygen contained in the blood.<ref name=steris />
* Automated blood pressure measuring machine that automatically inflates the blood pressure cuff on a patient's arm.<ref name=steris />
* An electrocautery machine uses high frequency electrical signals to cauterize or seal off blood vessels and may also be used to cut through tissue with a minimal amount of bleeding.<ref name=steris />
* If surgery requires, a [[heart-lung machine]] or other specialized equipment may be brought into the room.<ref name=steris />
* Supplementary portable air decontaminating equipment is sometimes placed in the OR.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/acsomega.2c05570 | title=A Peripherally Located Air Recirculation Device Containing an Activated Carbon Filter Reduces VOC Levels in a Simulated Operating Room | year=2022 | last1=Carroll | first1=Gregory T. | last2=Kirschman | first2=David L. | journal=ACS Omega | volume=7 | issue=50 | pages=46640–46645 | pmid=36570243 | pmc=9774396 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.chas.2c00071 | doi=10.1021/acs.chas.2c00071 | title=Catalytic Surgical Smoke Filtration Unit Reduces Formaldehyde Levels in a Simulated Operating Room Environment | year=2023 | last1=Carroll | first1=Gregory T. | last2=Kirschman | first2=David L. | journal=ACS Chemical Health & Safety | volume=30 | pages=21–28 | s2cid=255047115 | url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* Advances in technology now support hybrid operating rooms, which integrate diagnostic imaging systems such as [[MRI]] and [[cardiac catheterization]] into the operating room to assist surgeons in specialized neurological and cardiac procedures.<ref name=steris />